Development and Evolution of Unisexual Flowers: A Review

The development of unisexual flowers has been described in a large number of taxa, sampling the diversity of floral phenotypes and sexual systems observed in extant angiosperms, in studies focusing on floral ontogeny, on the evo-devo of unisexuality, or on the genetic and chromosomal bases of unisex...

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Published inPlants (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 2; p. 155
Main Authors Jabbour, Florian, Espinosa, Felipe, Dejonghe, Quentin, Le Péchon, Timothée
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 07.01.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Angiospermae
Angiosperms
Art galleries & museums
Biological materials
Botanics
Botanists
cryptic dioecy
Development Biology
Developmental biology
Developmental stages
Evolution
Fertility
floral gender
flower morphology
flowering
Flowers
Flowers & plants
functional sex
Gender identity
genetic background
Life Sciences
materials
meristem
Morphology
Mythology
ontogenic pathway
Ontogeny
Organs
phenotype
Phenotypes
Plant reproduction
planting
Polymorphism
Population
Review
Sampling
Sexes
sexual system
sexual systems
unisexuality
Vegetal Biology
cryptic dioecy
sexual system
floral gender
meristem
functional sex
ontogenic pathway
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI10.3390/plants11020155

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Abstract The development of unisexual flowers has been described in a large number of taxa, sampling the diversity of floral phenotypes and sexual systems observed in extant angiosperms, in studies focusing on floral ontogeny, on the evo-devo of unisexuality, or on the genetic and chromosomal bases of unisexuality. We review here such developmental studies, aiming at characterizing the diversity of ontogenic pathways leading to functionally unisexual flowers. In addition, we present for the first time and in a two-dimensional morphospace a quantitative description of the developmental rate of the sexual organs in functionally unisexual flowers, in a non-exhaustive sampling of angiosperms with contrasted floral morphologies. Eventually, recommendations are provided to help plant evo-devo researchers and botanists addressing macroevolutionary and ecological issues to more precisely select the taxa, the biological material, or the developmental stages to be investigated.
AbstractList The development of unisexual flowers has been described in a large number of taxa, sampling the diversity of floral phenotypes and sexual systems observed in extant angiosperms, in studies focusing on floral ontogeny, on the evo-devo of unisexuality, or on the genetic and chromosomal bases of unisexuality. We review here such developmental studies, aiming at characterizing the diversity of ontogenic pathways leading to functionally unisexual flowers. In addition, we present for the first time and in a two-dimensional morphospace a quantitative description of the developmental rate of the sexual organs in functionally unisexual flowers, in a non-exhaustive sampling of angiosperms with contrasted floral morphologies. Eventually, recommendations are provided to help plant evo-devo researchers and botanists addressing macroevolutionary and ecological issues to more precisely select the taxa, the biological material, or the developmental stages to be investigated.
The development of unisexual flowers has been described in a large number of taxa, sampling the diversity of floral phenotypes and sexual systems observed in extant angiosperms, in studies focusing on floral ontogeny, on the evo-devo of unisexuality, or on the genetic and chromosomal bases of unisexuality. We review here such developmental studies, aiming at characterizing the diversity of ontogenic pathways leading to functionally unisexual flowers. In addition, we present for the first time and in a two-dimensional morphospace a quantitative description of the developmental rate of the sexual organs in functionally unisexual flowers, in a non-exhaustive sampling of angiosperms with contrasted floral morphologies. Eventually, recommendations are provided to help plant evo-devo researchers and botanists addressing macroevolutionary and ecological issues to more precisely select the taxa, the biological material, or the developmental stages to be investigated.The development of unisexual flowers has been described in a large number of taxa, sampling the diversity of floral phenotypes and sexual systems observed in extant angiosperms, in studies focusing on floral ontogeny, on the evo-devo of unisexuality, or on the genetic and chromosomal bases of unisexuality. We review here such developmental studies, aiming at characterizing the diversity of ontogenic pathways leading to functionally unisexual flowers. In addition, we present for the first time and in a two-dimensional morphospace a quantitative description of the developmental rate of the sexual organs in functionally unisexual flowers, in a non-exhaustive sampling of angiosperms with contrasted floral morphologies. Eventually, recommendations are provided to help plant evo-devo researchers and botanists addressing macroevolutionary and ecological issues to more precisely select the taxa, the biological material, or the developmental stages to be investigated.
Author Espinosa, Felipe
Jabbour, Florian
Le Péchon, Timothée
Dejonghe, Quentin
AuthorAffiliation 3 Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; timothee.lepechon@plantentuinmeise.be
4 Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service Général de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique, Rue A. Lavalée, 1, 1080 Brussels, Belgium
1 Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, 75005 Paris, France; dejonghe.quentin@outlook.fr
2 Independent Researcher, Carrera 13 # 113-24, Bogotá 110111, Colombia; felipeespinosam@gmail.com
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service Général de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique, Rue A. Lavalée, 1, 1080 Brussels, Belgium
– name: 1 Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, 75005 Paris, France; dejonghe.quentin@outlook.fr
– name: 3 Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium; timothee.lepechon@plantentuinmeise.be
– name: 2 Independent Researcher, Carrera 13 # 113-24, Bogotá 110111, Colombia; felipeespinosam@gmail.com
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  givenname: Florian
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7729-1067
  surname: Jabbour
  fullname: Jabbour, Florian
– sequence: 2
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  fullname: Dejonghe, Quentin
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  givenname: Timothée
  surname: Le Péchon
  fullname: Le Péchon, Timothée
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050043$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://hal.science/hal-03516460$$DView record in HAL
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Issue 2
Keywords cryptic dioecy
sexual system
floral gender
meristem
functional sex
ontogenic pathway
Language English
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SubjectTerms Angiospermae
Angiosperms
Art galleries & museums
Biological materials
Botanics
Botanists
cryptic dioecy
Development Biology
Developmental biology
Developmental stages
Evolution
Fertility
floral gender
flower morphology
flowering
Flowers
Flowers & plants
functional sex
Gender identity
genetic background
Life Sciences
materials
meristem
Morphology
Mythology
ontogenic pathway
Ontogeny
Organs
phenotype
Phenotypes
Plant reproduction
planting
Polymorphism
Population
Review
Sampling
Sexes
sexual system
sexual systems
unisexuality
Vegetal Biology
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Title Development and Evolution of Unisexual Flowers: A Review
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35050043
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https://hal.science/hal-03516460
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8780417
https://doaj.org/article/fd46e3421c0345468ddabfbb4921707a
Volume 11
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