Three-Dimensional Array-Based Group Testing Algorithms
We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specif...
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| Published in | Biometrics Vol. 65; no. 3; pp. 903 - 910 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Malden, USA
Blackwell Publishing Inc
01.09.2009
Wiley-Blackwell Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0006-341X 1541-0420 1541-0420 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2008.01158.x |
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| Abstract | We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two-dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three-dimensional array-based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. |
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| AbstractList | We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two-dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three-dimensional array-based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. Summary We derive the operating characteristics of three‐dimensional array‐based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two‐dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three‐dimensional array‐based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. Summary We derive the operating characteristics of three‐dimensional array‐based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two‐dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three‐dimensional array‐based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two-dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three-dimensional array-based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two-dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three-dimensional array-based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence.We derive the operating characteristics of three-dimensional array-based testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of testing error. The operating characteristics investigated include efficiency (i.e., expected number of tests per specimen) and error rates (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values). The methods are illustrated by comparing the proposed algorithms with previously studied hierarchical and two-dimensional array algorithms for detecting recent HIV infections in North Carolina. Our results indicate that three-dimensional array-based algorithms can be more efficient and accurate than previously proposed algorithms in settings with test error and low prevalence. |
| Author | Hudgens, Michael G. Kim, Hae-Young |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Center for Statistical Analysis and Research, New England Research Institutes, 9 Galen Street, Watertown, Massachusetts 02472, U.S.A 2 Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3107-E McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Center for Statistical Analysis and Research, New England Research Institutes, 9 Galen Street, Watertown, Massachusetts 02472, U.S.A – name: 2 Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3107-E McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Kim, Hae-Young – sequence: 2 fullname: Hudgens, Michael G |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19053996$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| References_xml | – reference: Kim, H. Y., Hudgens, M. G., Dreyfuss, J., Westreich, D., and Pilcher, C. D. (2007). Comparison of group testing algorithms for case identification in the presence of test error. Biometrics 63, 1152-1163. – reference: Berger, T., Mandell, J. W., and Subrahmanya, P. (2000). Maximally efficient two-stage screening. Biometrics 56, 833-840. – reference: Feller, W. (1968). An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, 3rd edition. New York : John Wiley & Sons. – reference: Pilcher, C. D., Price, M. A., Hoffman, I. F., Galvin, S., Martinson, F. E., Kazembe, P. N., Eron, J. J., Miller, W. C., Fiscus, S. A., and Cohen, M. S. (2004). Frequent detection of acute primary HIV infection in men in Malawi. AIDS 18, 517-524. – reference: Quinn, T. C., Brookmeyer, R., Kline, R., Shepherd, M., Paranjape, R., Mehendale, S., Gadkari, D. A., and Bollinger, R. (2000). Feasibility of pooling sera for HIV-1 viral RNA to diagnose acute primary HIV-1 infection and estimate HIV incidence. AIDS 14, 2751-2757. – reference: Phatarfod, R. M. and Sudbury, A. (1994). The use of a square array scheme in blood testing. Statistics in Medicine 13, 2337-2343. – reference: Johnson, N. L., Kotz, S., and Wu, X. (1991). Inspection Errors for Attributes in Quality Control. New York : Chapman and Hall. – reference: Pilcher, C. D., Fiscus, S. A., Nguyen, T. Q., Foust, T., Wolf, L., Williams, D., Ashby, R., O'Dowd, J. O., McPherson, J. T., Stalzer, B., Hightow, L., Miller, W. C., Eron, J. J., and Cohen, M. S. (2005). Detection of acute infections during HIV testing in North Carolina. New England Journal of Medicine 352, 1873-1883. – reference: Dorfman, R. (1943). The detection of defective numbers of large populations. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 14, 436-440. – reference: Mine, H., Emura, H., Miyamoto, M., Tomono, T., Minegishi, K., Murokawa, H., Yamanaka, R., Yoshikawa, A. Nishioka, K., and Japanese Red Cross NAT Research Group. (2003). High throughput screening of 16 million serologically negative blood donors for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 by nucleic acid amplification testing with specific and sensitive multiplex reagent in Japan. Journal of Virological Methods 112, 145-151. – reference: Hecht, F., Busch, M., Rawal , Webb, M., Rosenberg, E., Swanson, M., Chesney, M., Anderson, J., Levy, J., and Kahn, J. (2002). Use of laboratory tests and clinical symptoms for identification of primary HIV infection. AIDS 16, 1119-1129. – reference: Litvak, E., Tu, X. M., and Pagano, M. (1994). Screening for the presence of a disease by pooling sera samples. Journal of the American Statistical Association 89, 424-434. – reference: Pilcher, C. D., Eron, J. J., Galvin, S., Gay, C., and Cohen, M. S. (2004). Acute HIV revisited: New opportunities for treatment and prevention. Journal of Clinical Investigation 113, 937-945. – reference: Roth, W., Weber, M., Buhr, S., Drosten, C., Weichert, W., Sireis, W., Hedges, D., and Seifried, E. (2002). Yield of HCV and HIV-1 NAT after screening of 3.6 million blood donations in central Europe. 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| SubjectTerms | AIDS Algorithms Alternatives Array Biometric Methodology Biometrics biometry Biometry - methods Biostatistics Cost efficiency Data Interpretation, Statistical Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods Efficiency Error analysis Error rates Group testing Hierarchical HIV HIV infections Humans Mass Screening - methods North Carolina Nucleic acids Population Dynamics Population Surveillance - methods Predictive value Sensitivity Specificity Specimens Working papers |
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| Title | Three-Dimensional Array-Based Group Testing Algorithms |
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