Effects of Arm Swing Limitation on Knee Joint Moment during Walking —Biomechanical Analysis Using a 3D Motion Capture System
[Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22 ± 0.8 years; mean height, 173.9 ± 5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0 ± 6.4 kg). [Methods] Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal...
Saved in:
| Published in | Journal of Physical Therapy Science Vol. 24; no. 10; pp. 965 - 967 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
2012
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0915-5287 2187-5626 2187-5626 |
| DOI | 10.1589/jpts.24.965 |
Cover
| Abstract | [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22 ± 0.8 years; mean height, 173.9 ± 5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0 ± 6.4 kg). [Methods] Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal curve. The top of the primary curve was defined as val_m1 and that of the secondary curve was defined as val_m2. Knee abduction moment, knee extension moment, GRF range, trunk rotation range, and arm swing range were then calculated at val_m1 and val_m2. Measurements were performed without arm swing limitation on a 10-m walkway (no limitation condition), and with the subjects’ arms folded in front of their chests (limitation condition). [Results] Val_m1 was 10.9 ± 2.4% of the gait cycle. Val_m1 (65.3 ± 13.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly lower than that (70.0 ± 13.0 Nm) under the no limitation condition (p<0.01). In addition, the knee extension moment (71.7 ± 21.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly higher than that (62.6 ± 20.4 Nm) under the no limitation condition at val_m1 (p<0.01). [Conclusion] Arm swing limitation decreases knee abduction moment, but increases knee extension moment. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Abstract. [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22±0.8 years; mean height, 173.9±5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0±6.4 kg). [Methods] Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal curve. The top of the primary curve was defined as val_m1 and that of the secondary curve was defined as val_m2. Knee abduction moment, knee extension moment, GRF range, trunk rotation range, and arm swing range were then calculated at val_m1 and val_m2. Measurements were performed without arm swing limitation on a 10-m walkway (no limitation condition), and with the subjects' arms folded in front of their chests (limitation condition). [Results] Val_m1 was 10.9±2.4% of the gait cycle. Val_m1 (65.3±13.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly lower than that (70.0±13.0 Nm) under the no limitation condition (p<0.01). In addition, the knee extension moment (71.7±21.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly higher than that (62.6±20.4 Nm) under the no limitation condition at val_m1 (p<0.01). [Conclusion] Arm swing limitation decreases knee abduction moment, but increases knee extension moment. [Purpose The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22 +/- 0.8 years; mean height, 173.9 +/- 5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0 +/- 6.4 kg). [Methods Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal curve. The top of the primary curve was defined as valULm1 and that of the secondary curve was defined as valULm2. Knee abduction moment, knee extension moment, GRF range, trunk rotation range, and arm swing range were then calculated at valULm1 and valULm2. Measurements were performed without arm swing limitation on a 10-m walkway (no limitation condition), and with the subjects' arms folded in front of their chests (limitation condition). [Results ValULm1 was 10.9 +/- 2.4% of the gait cycle. ValULm1 (65.3 +/- 13.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly lower than that (70.0 +/- 13.0 Nm) under the no limitation condition (p<0.01). In addition, the knee extension moment (71.7 +/- 21.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly higher than that (62.6 +/- 20.4 Nm) under the no limitation condition at valULm1 (p<0.01). [Conclusion Arm swing limitation decreases knee abduction moment, but increases knee extension moment. [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22 +/- 0.8 years; mean height, 173.9 +/- 5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0 +/- 6.4 kg). [Methods] Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal curve. The top of the primary curve was defined as val-m1 and that of the secondary curve was defined as val-m2. Knee abduction moment, knee extension moment, GRF range, trunk rotation range, and arm swing range were then calculated at val-m1 and val-m2. Measurements were performed without arm swing limitation on a 10-m walkway (no limitation condition), and with the subjects' arms folded in front of their chests (limitation condition). [Results] Val-m1 was 10.9 +/- 2.4% of the gait cycle. Val-m1 (65.3 +/- 13.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly lower than that (70.0 +/- 13.0 Nm) under the no limitation condition (p<0.01). In addition, the knee extension moment (71.7 +/- 21.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly higher than that (62.6 +/- 20.4 Nm) under the no limitation condition at val-m1 (p<0.01). [Conclusion] Arm swing limitation decreases knee abduction moment, but increases knee extension moment. [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy males (mean age, 22 ± 0.8 years; mean height, 173.9 ± 5.9 cm; mean weight, 67.0 ± 6.4 kg). [Methods] Knee abduction normally shows a bimodal curve. The top of the primary curve was defined as val_m1 and that of the secondary curve was defined as val_m2. Knee abduction moment, knee extension moment, GRF range, trunk rotation range, and arm swing range were then calculated at val_m1 and val_m2. Measurements were performed without arm swing limitation on a 10-m walkway (no limitation condition), and with the subjects’ arms folded in front of their chests (limitation condition). [Results] Val_m1 was 10.9 ± 2.4% of the gait cycle. Val_m1 (65.3 ± 13.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly lower than that (70.0 ± 13.0 Nm) under the no limitation condition (p<0.01). In addition, the knee extension moment (71.7 ± 21.1 Nm) under the limitation condition was significantly higher than that (62.6 ± 20.4 Nm) under the no limitation condition at val_m1 (p<0.01). [Conclusion] Arm swing limitation decreases knee abduction moment, but increases knee extension moment. |
| Author | Nagasaki, Takayuki Gotoh, Kenta Katoh, Hiroshi Fukudome, Hideaki Hamada, Terukazu Goshima, Yokiko Nakano, Sota Noguchi, Hirotaka Tashiro, Yuki Hori, Katsuhiro |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Nagasaki, Takayuki organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Hori, Katsuhiro organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Fukudome, Hideaki organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Katoh, Hiroshi organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Hamada, Terukazu organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Goshima, Yokiko organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Nakano, Sota organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Gotoh, Kenta organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Tashiro, Yuki organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare – sequence: 1 fullname: Noguchi, Hirotaka organization: Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare |
| BookMark | eNqNkc1u1DAUhS1UJKaFFS_gJRJk8G8SL4eh9IdBIE0rlpaTOMXBcVLbUTUbxEP0CXkSHIJmC5J17-J-91zrnFNw4ganAXiJ0RrzUrztxhjWhK1Fzp-AFcFlkfGc5CdghQTmGSdl8QychtAhRArEyhX4cd62uo4BDi3c-B7uH4y7gzvTm6iiGRxM76PTGl4PxkX4aeh1as3kZ-yrst_n_uvn4zuTJvU35UytLNw4ZQ_BBHgb5rmC9H1a_aO3VWOcvIb7Q4i6fw6etsoG_eJvPwO3H85vtpfZ7vPF1Xazy-oc85g1ONeC0FqVuijyllR5xRBVbUFwhZhoiGCUCFoxjitW1phyjghuyoprxihi9Ay8WXQnN6rDg7JWjt70yh8kRnL2Ts7eScJk8i7hrxZ89MP9pEOUvQm1tlY5PUxBYiooRhyh_0CJwDkuCRcJfb2gtR9C8Lr9xx8uFrrXzWzq4KxxWnbD5JO7QSYzuoVHmMgUKEsqCBUSpe25FDhljuisdLUodSGqO328qnw0tdXHq2k_1esvN_tFE9PyyKRovdSO_gZ6RL-h |
| Cites_doi | 10.1242/jeb.024927 10.1002/art.22247 10.1589/rika.23.163 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318145a3c5 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.08.006 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.10.028 10.1016/S0268-0033(97)00050-8 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2012 by the Society of Physical Therapy Science |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2012 by the Society of Physical Therapy Science |
| CorporateAuthor | Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare Department of Rehabilitation |
| CorporateAuthor_xml | – name: Department of Rehabilitation – name: Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7TS ADTOC UNPAY |
| DOI | 10.1589/jpts.24.965 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Physical Education Index Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content Unpaywall |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Physical Education Index |
| DatabaseTitleList | Physical Education Index |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: UNPAY name: Unpaywall url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/ sourceTypes: Open Access Repository |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Physical Therapy |
| EISSN | 2187-5626 |
| EndPage | 967 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10.1589/jpts.24.965 10_1589_jpts_24_965 ca8jjpts_2012_002410_007_0965_09671915035 article_jpts_24_10_24_JPTS_2012_138_article_char_en |
| GroupedDBID | .55 07C 29L 2WC 53G 5GY AAEJM AAWTL ACGFO ADBBV ADRAZ AENEX AIAGR AJJEV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL BKOMP BMSDO CS3 DIK DU5 E3Z EBS EJD FRP GX1 HYE JMI JSF JSH KQ8 M48 MOJWN OK1 OVT P2P PGMZT RJT RNS RPM RZJ TKC TR2 W2D X7M XSB AAYXX CITATION 7TS ADTOC UNPAY |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c615t-d16e923ca8e776f2b6b403af721b049d2943293b451b48c1355021d8b5e443043 |
| IEDL.DBID | UNPAY |
| ISSN | 0915-5287 2187-5626 |
| IngestDate | Wed Oct 01 15:28:24 EDT 2025 Thu Jul 10 19:03:27 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 15:55:15 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:11:55 EDT 2025 Thu Jul 10 16:14:58 EDT 2025 Wed Sep 03 06:29:08 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 10 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c615t-d16e923ca8e776f2b6b403af721b049d2943293b451b48c1355021d8b5e443043 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpts/24/10/24_JPTS-2012-138/_pdf |
| PQID | 1291618259 |
| PQPubID | 23462 |
| PageCount | 3 |
| ParticipantIDs | unpaywall_primary_10_1589_jpts_24_965 proquest_miscellaneous_1393105005 proquest_miscellaneous_1291618259 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_24_965 medicalonline_journals_ca8jjpts_2012_002410_007_0965_09671915035 jstage_primary_article_jpts_24_10_24_JPTS_2012_138_article_char_en |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2012-00-00 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2012-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – year: 2012 text: 2012-00-00 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationTitle | Journal of Physical Therapy Science |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Journal of Physical Therapy Science |
| PublicationYear | 2012 |
| Publisher | The Society of Physical Therapy Science |
| Publisher_xml | – name: The Society of Physical Therapy Science |
| References | 7. Ben-Galim P, Ben-Galim T, Rand N, et al.: Hip-spine syndrome: the effect of total hip replacement surgery on low back pain in severe osteoarthritis of the hip. Spine, 2007, 32: 2099–2102. 4. Katoh H, Jingushi S, Iwamoto Y, et al.: Three-dimensional limping gait analysis in patients with hip diseases: The significance of the dynamic EMG frequency characteristic of the gluteus medius muscle to pelvic tilt, pelvic rotation, and lateral displacement of the pelvis. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 2004, 31: 426–432. 2. Ohsato Y: Relationships between trunk rotation and arm swing in human walking. Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi, 1993, 67: 440–448. 9. Nishimori T, Ito A: The cross-correlation analysis of trunk rotation with increased gait speed during walking and running. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 2006, 33: 318–323. 10. Thorp LE, Sumner DR, Block JA, et al.: Knee joint loading differs in individuals with mild compared with moderate medial knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum, 2006, 54: 3842–3849. 3. Tanaka K, Miyashita K, Urabe Y, et al.: The relationship between pelvic rotation and trunk lean motion during walking in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Rigakuryoho Kagaku, 2008, 23: 163–167. 1. Pontzer H, Holloway JH, Raichlen DA, et al.: Control and function of arm swing in human walking and running. J Exp Biol, 2009, 212: 523–534. 8. Pua YH, Wrigley TV, Cowan SM, et al.: Intrarater test-retest reliability of hip range of motion and hip muscle strength measurements in persons with hip osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2008, 89: 1146–1154. 11. Foucher KC, Wimmer MA: Contralateral hip and knee gait biomechanics are unchanged by total hip replacement for unilateral hip osteoarthritis. Gait Posture, 2012, 35: 61–65. 5. Kito N, Shinkoda K, Yamasaki T, et al.: Contribution of knee adduction moment impulse to pain and disability in Japanese women with medial knee osteoarthritis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2010, 25: 914–919. 6. Eke-Okoro ST, Gregoric M, Larsson LE: Alterations in gait resulting from deliberate changes of arm–swing amplitude and phase. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 1997, 12: 516–521. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
| References_xml | – reference: 6. Eke-Okoro ST, Gregoric M, Larsson LE: Alterations in gait resulting from deliberate changes of arm–swing amplitude and phase. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 1997, 12: 516–521. – reference: 8. Pua YH, Wrigley TV, Cowan SM, et al.: Intrarater test-retest reliability of hip range of motion and hip muscle strength measurements in persons with hip osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2008, 89: 1146–1154. – reference: 4. Katoh H, Jingushi S, Iwamoto Y, et al.: Three-dimensional limping gait analysis in patients with hip diseases: The significance of the dynamic EMG frequency characteristic of the gluteus medius muscle to pelvic tilt, pelvic rotation, and lateral displacement of the pelvis. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 2004, 31: 426–432. – reference: 5. Kito N, Shinkoda K, Yamasaki T, et al.: Contribution of knee adduction moment impulse to pain and disability in Japanese women with medial knee osteoarthritis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2010, 25: 914–919. – reference: 7. Ben-Galim P, Ben-Galim T, Rand N, et al.: Hip-spine syndrome: the effect of total hip replacement surgery on low back pain in severe osteoarthritis of the hip. Spine, 2007, 32: 2099–2102. – reference: 9. Nishimori T, Ito A: The cross-correlation analysis of trunk rotation with increased gait speed during walking and running. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 2006, 33: 318–323. – reference: 1. Pontzer H, Holloway JH, Raichlen DA, et al.: Control and function of arm swing in human walking and running. J Exp Biol, 2009, 212: 523–534. – reference: 3. Tanaka K, Miyashita K, Urabe Y, et al.: The relationship between pelvic rotation and trunk lean motion during walking in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Rigakuryoho Kagaku, 2008, 23: 163–167. – reference: 10. Thorp LE, Sumner DR, Block JA, et al.: Knee joint loading differs in individuals with mild compared with moderate medial knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum, 2006, 54: 3842–3849. – reference: 2. Ohsato Y: Relationships between trunk rotation and arm swing in human walking. Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi, 1993, 67: 440–448. – reference: 11. Foucher KC, Wimmer MA: Contralateral hip and knee gait biomechanics are unchanged by total hip replacement for unilateral hip osteoarthritis. Gait Posture, 2012, 35: 61–65. – ident: 3 – ident: 1 doi: 10.1242/jeb.024927 – ident: 8 doi: 10.1002/art.22247 – ident: 2 doi: 10.1589/rika.23.163 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318145a3c5 – ident: 7 – ident: 9 doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.08.006 – ident: 6 doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.10.028 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1016/S0268-0033(97)00050-8 |
| SSID | ssj0027048 |
| Score | 1.8303841 |
| Snippet | [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were 10 healthy... Abstract. [Purpose] The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects] Subjects were... [Purpose The purpose of this research was to examine the biomechanical effects of arm swing limitation on knee joint gait. [Subjects Subjects were 10 healthy... |
| SourceID | unpaywall proquest crossref medicalonline jstage |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 965 |
| SubjectTerms | Analysis Arm swing Knee joint moment Three-dimensional analysis |
| Title | Effects of Arm Swing Limitation on Knee Joint Moment during Walking —Biomechanical Analysis Using a 3D Motion Capture System |
| URI | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpts/24/10/24_JPTS-2012-138/_article/-char/en http://mol.medicalonline.jp/library/journal/download?GoodsID=ca8jjpts/2012/002410/007&name=0965-0967e https://www.proquest.com/docview/1291618259 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1393105005 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpts/24/10/24_JPTS-2012-138/_pdf |
| UnpaywallVersion | publishedVersion |
| Volume | 24 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2012, Vol.24(10), pp.965-967 |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAFT databaseName: Open Access Digital Library customDbUrl: eissn: 2187-5626 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0027048 issn: 0915-5287 databaseCode: KQ8 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries – providerCode: PRVBFR databaseName: Free Medical Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2187-5626 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0027048 issn: 0915-5287 databaseCode: DIK dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com providerName: Flying Publisher – providerCode: PRVFQY databaseName: GFMER Free Medical Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2187-5626 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0027048 issn: 0915-5287 databaseCode: GX1 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.gfmer.ch/Medical_journals/Free_medical.php providerName: Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB61WyRAiPIUy6MyUjkmu0mc1422tFSLWq3UXbGcLDtxKpZtEpGsKjggfgS_kF_CjJ1dtRwqJKQouYyt2DP2fGN7PgPsJuiS80gph3NZOER_4iicBZ00yZOgUJnSCWUjn5xGx1M-moWzDThc5cLQsco54qJzTR_3vHLn9aDrxMG8bpuBz3Gk41uMxpMzVLLnE4_eQNR5sQlbUYiQvAdb09Px3ifDs-eFGGyZi_LQm8UO-vuoy9MLk9RU6frcTcm7XPFMt-xP3IV7F3bDxBJXXMOht5dlLb9dysXiiks62rZHRxrDZEgnUb64y1a52fe_eB7_u7UP4H4HWtmeLfIQNnT5CLbHnYrZxDITPIYflgu5YVWBwhfs7BIdIzM5VMYAGD4fSq3ZqPpctuyE2B9aZjMl2Ue5oGV79vvnr33iBKCUZFP9ijeFmeMNTLLgHRY19R3ImnZAmOVdfwLTo8PJwbHTXfDgZAikWif3Io0AM5OJjuOo8FWk-DCQBUalCiOX3E95gHBE8dBTPMk8xEYISfJEhZrzYMiDp9Arq1I_Azb0cylDRZnGkvs5Rxk0QgwwpSqitMj7sLtSrqgtj4eg-AdtQFBHC-xitIE-7Ft9rIU6bayFsFCnDUHaEKiNtQwlyuFs04e314xGdNNCI7Clc1sRFSV85BE7ayyIg4deMYbP4TDA_3i9sjOB4502cWSpq2UjEJ_RHQcYtd4gg72AuBkn2D68WRvpTe1-_o9yL-COsUGzBvUSeu3XpX6FqKxVO7D5fubtdCPvD1npNos |
| linkProvider | Unpaywall |
| linkToUnpaywall | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1db9MwFLVGhwQIMWAgypeMNB6TNomTpm9sY9NUtKnSWjGeLLtxJkqXRCTVBA-IH8Ev5Jdwrp1WGw8TElKUvFxbse-177m27zFjOylccpZo7Qmhco_oTzyNWdAbplka5XqmTUrZyMcnydFUjM7isw12sMqFoWOVc-Cic0Mf_7z051Wv7cTevGrqXigw0vGWo_HkFEoOQuLR68kqy2-xzSQGJO-wzenJePeT5dkLYgRb9qI8eLOBB3-ftHl6cTq0Vfqh8IfkXa54ptvuJ-6x-xduw8QRV1zDoXeWRaW-XarF4opLOtxyR0dqy2RIJ1G--MtG-7Pvf_E8_ndrH7IHLWjlu67II7Zhisdsa9yqmE8cM8E2--G4kGte5hC-4KeXcIzc5lBZA-B4PhTG8FH5uWj4MbE_NNxlSvKPakHL9vz3z197xAlAKcm2-hVvCrfHG7ji0XsUtfXtq4p2QLjjXX_CpocHk_0jr73gwZsBSDVeFiQGAHOmUjMYJHmoEy36kcoRlWpELlk4FBHgiBZxoEU6C4CNAEmyVMdGiKgvoqesU5SFecZ4P8yUijVlGisRZgIyMEIEmErnyTDPumxnpVxZOR4PSfEPbEBSR0t0MWygy_acPtZCrTbWQijUakOSNiS0sZahRDnMNl327prRyHZaqCVaOncVUVHCRwGxsw4kcfDQa4DwOe5H-I83KzuTGO-0iaMKUy5rCXxGdxwgar1BBr0A3IwJtsvero30pnY__0e5F-yutUG7BvWSdZqvS_MKqKzRr9sx9wcYYDWa |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Arm+Swing+Limitation+on+Knee+Joint+Moment+during+Walking+-Biomechanical+Analysis+Using+a+3D+Motion+Capture+System&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physical+Therapy+Science&rft.au=HIROSHI+KATOH&rft.au=KENTA+GOTOH&rft.au=YUKI+TASHIRO&rft.au=HIROTAKA+NOGUCHI&rft.date=2012&rft.pub=The+Society+of+Physical+Therapy+Science&rft.issn=0915-5287&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=965&rft.epage=967&rft_id=info:doi/10.1589%2Fjpts.24.965&rft.externalDocID=ca8jjpts_2012_002410_007_0965_09671915035 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0915-5287&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0915-5287&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0915-5287&client=summon |