The role of obesity, different fat compartments and sleep apnea severity in circulating leptin levels: the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort study

Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Methods:...

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Published inInternational Journal of Obesity Vol. 37; no. 6; pp. 835 - 842
Main Authors Arnardottir, E S, Maislin, G, Jackson, N, Schwab, R J, Benediktsdottir, B, Teff, K, Juliusson, S, Pack, A I, Gislason, T
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.06.2013
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/45/127
692/699/2743/393
692/699/375/1816
692/699/75/243
Abdomen
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Blood
Body Composition
Body Mass Index
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Female
Gender
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Hospitals
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - blood
Hypertension - epidemiology
Hypertension - physiopathology
Iceland - epidemiology
Internal Medicine
Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology
Leptin
Leptin - blood
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Nervous system
Neurosciences
Obesity
Obesity - blood
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - physiopathology
original-article
Physiological aspects
Pneumology
Polysomnography
Public Health
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Distribution
Sleep apnea
Sleep apnea syndromes
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - blood
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - epidemiology
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - etiology
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - physiopathology
Subcutaneous Fat - pathology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Time Factors
Iceland
United States > US
obstructive sleep apnea
subcutaneous fat
adipokine
leptin
visceral fat
hypertension
Visceral fat
Hypertension
Obesity
Nervous system diseases
Sleep apnea syndrome
Adipose tissue
Nutrition
Respiratory disease
Subcutaneous
Nutrition disorder
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic diseases
Severity
Adipokine
Cohort study
Leptin
Fat
Nutritional status
Public health
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI10.1038/ijo.2012.138

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Abstract Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3 kg m −2 and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. Results: Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se . No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30–35 and BMI ⩾35 kg m −2 ). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity ( P =0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects ( n =249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects ( n =199). Conclusion: Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
AbstractList OBJECTIVES: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3 ± 10.6 (mean ± s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7 ± 5.3 kg [m.sup.-2] and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2 ± 16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. RESULTS: Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI [greater than or equal to] 35kg [m.sup.-2]). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P = 0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n = 249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n = 199). CONCLUSION: Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects. International Journal of Obesity (2013) 37, 835-842; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.138; published online 11 September 2012 Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; leptin; adipokine; visceral fat; subcutaneous fat; hypertension
International Journal of Obesity (2013) 37, 835-842; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.138; published online 11 September 2012
To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3kgm(-2) and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI > or =35kgm(-2)). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P=0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n=249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n=199). Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level.OBJECTIVESTo assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level.Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3 kg m(-2) and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured.METHODSCross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3 kg m(-2) and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured.Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI > or =35 kg m(-2)). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P=0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n=249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n=199).RESULTSLeptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI > or =35 kg m(-2)). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P=0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n=249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n=199).Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.CONCLUSIONObesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3 kg m(-2) and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI > or =35 kg m(-2)). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P=0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n=249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n=199). Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3 plus or minus 10.6 (mean plus or minus s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7 plus or minus 5.3 kg m super(-2) and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2 plus or minus 16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. Results: Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se. No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30-35 and BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg m super(-2)). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity (P=0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects (n=249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects (n=199). Conclusion: Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and whether the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and leptin levels differs depending on obesity level. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 452 untreated OSA patients (377 males and 75 females), in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort (ISAC), age 54.3±10.6 (mean±s.d.), body mass index (BMI) 32.7±5.3 kg m −2 and apnea-hypopnea index 40.2±16.1 events per h. A sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volume were performed, as well as fasting serum morning leptin levels were measured. Results: Leptin levels were more highly correlated with BMI, total abdominal and subcutaneous fat volume than visceral fat volume per se . No relationship was found between sleep apnea severity and leptin levels, assessed within three BMI groups (BMI <30, BMI 30–35 and BMI ⩾35 kg m −2 ). In a multiple linear regression model, adjusted for gender, BMI explained 38.7% of the variance in leptin levels, gender explained 21.2% but OSA severity did not have a significant role and no interaction was found between OSA severity and BMI on leptin levels. However, hypertension had a significant effect on the interaction between OSA severity and obesity ( P =0.04). In post-hoc analysis for nonhypertensive OSA subjects ( n =249), the association between leptin levels and OSA severity explained a minor but significant variance (3.2%) in leptin levels. This relationship was greatest for nonobese nonhypertensive subjects (significant interaction with obesity level). No relationship of OSA severity and leptin levels was found for hypertensive subjects ( n =199). Conclusion: Obesity and gender are the dominant determinants of leptin levels. OSA severity is not related to leptin levels except to a minor degree in nonhypertensive nonobese OSA subjects.
Audience Academic
Author Schwab, R J
Maislin, G
Benediktsdottir, B
Pack, A I
Jackson, N
Arnardottir, E S
Gislason, T
Teff, K
Juliusson, S
AuthorAffiliation 4 Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA
6 Department of Otolaryngology, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
5 Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland
1 Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali –The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
3 Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Division of Sleep Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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2014 INIST-CNRS
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Issue 6
Keywords obstructive sleep apnea
subcutaneous fat
adipokine
leptin
visceral fat
hypertension
Visceral fat
Hypertension
Obesity
Nervous system diseases
Sleep apnea syndrome
Adipose tissue
Nutrition
Respiratory disease
Subcutaneous
Nutrition disorder
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic diseases
Severity
Adipokine
Cohort study
Leptin
Fat
Nutritional status
Public health
Language English
License http://www.springer.com/tdm
CC BY 4.0
Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data- mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
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Co-senior authors: Thorarinn Gislason and Allan I. Pack
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PublicationTitle International Journal of Obesity
PublicationTitleAbbrev Int J Obes
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PublicationYear 2013
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
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Snippet Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of...
To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of obesity and...
OBJECTIVES: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of...
International Journal of Obesity (2013) 37, 835-842; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.138; published online 11 September 2012
Objectives: To assess whether sleep apnea severity has an independent relationship with leptin levels in blood after adjusting for different measures of...
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692/699/2743/393
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Abdomen
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Blood
Body Composition
Body Mass Index
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Female
Gender
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Hospitals
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - blood
Hypertension - epidemiology
Hypertension - physiopathology
Iceland - epidemiology
Internal Medicine
Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology
Leptin
Leptin - blood
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Middle Aged
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Nervous system
Neurosciences
Obesity
Obesity - blood
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - physiopathology
original-article
Physiological aspects
Pneumology
Polysomnography
Public Health
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Distribution
Sleep apnea
Sleep apnea syndromes
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - blood
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - epidemiology
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - etiology
Sleep Apnea Syndromes - physiopathology
Subcutaneous Fat - pathology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Time Factors
Title The role of obesity, different fat compartments and sleep apnea severity in circulating leptin levels: the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort study
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