Retrieval of vertical columns of sulfur dioxide from SCIAMACHY and OMI: Air mass factor algorithm development, validation, and error analysis
We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line‐of‐sight “slant” columns to vertical...
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| Published in | Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres Vol. 114; no. D22 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
18.11.2009
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0148-0227 2169-897X 2156-2202 2156-2202 2169-8996 |
| DOI | 10.1029/2009JD012123 |
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| Abstract | We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line‐of‐sight “slant” columns to vertical columns using altitude‐dependent scattering weights computed with a radiative transfer model (LIDORT), weighted by relative vertical SO2 profile (shape factor) determined locally with a global atmospheric chemistry model (GEOS‐Chem). The scattering weights account for viewing geometry, surface albedo, cloud scattering, absorption by ozone, and scattering and absorption by aerosols. Absorption of radiation by mineral dust can reduce seasonal mean instrument sensitivity by 50%. Mean SO2 shape factors simulated with GEOS‐Chem and used in the AMF calculation are highly consistent with airborne in situ measurements (INTEX‐A and INTEX‐B); differences would affect the retrieved SO2 columns by 10%. The retrieved vertical columns are validated with coincident airborne in situ measurements (INTEX‐A, INTEX‐B, and a campaign over east China). The annual mean AMF errors are estimated to be 35–70% in polluted regions (e.g., East Asia and the eastern United States) and less than 10% over clear ocean regions. The overall SO2 error assessment is 45–80% for yearly averages over polluted regions. Seasonal mean SO2 columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY and OMI for 2006 are significantly spatially correlated with those from GEOS‐Chem, in particular over the United States (r = 0.85 for SCIAMACHY and 0.82 for OMI). A sensitivity study confirms the sensitivity of SCIAMACHY and OMI to anthropogenic SO2 emissions. |
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| AbstractList | We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line-of-sight 'slant' columns to vertical columns using altitude-dependent scattering weights computed with a radiative transfer model (LIDORT), weighted by relative vertical SO2 profile (shape factor) determined locally with a global atmospheric chemistry model (GEOS-Chem). The scattering weights account for viewing geometry, surface albedo, cloud scattering, absorption by ozone, and scattering and absorption by aerosols. Absorption of radiation by mineral dust can reduce seasonal mean instrument sensitivity by 50%. Mean SO2 shape factors simulated with GEOS-Chem and used in the AMF calculation are highly consistent with airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A and INTEX-B); differences would affect the retrieved SO2 columns by 10%. The retrieved vertical columns are validated with coincident airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A, INTEX-B, and a campaign over east China). The annual mean AMF errors are estimated to be 35-70% in polluted regions (e.g., East Asia and the eastern United States) and less than 10% over clear ocean regions. The overall SO2 error assessment is 45-80% for yearly averages over polluted regions. Seasonal mean SO2 columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY and OMI for 2006 are significantly spatially correlated with those from GEOS-Chem, in particular over the United States (r = 0.85 for SCIAMACHY and 0.82 for OMI). A sensitivity study confirms the sensitivity of SCIAMACHY and OMI to anthropogenic SO2 emissions. We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line‐of‐sight “slant” columns to vertical columns using altitude‐dependent scattering weights computed with a radiative transfer model (LIDORT), weighted by relative vertical SO 2 profile (shape factor) determined locally with a global atmospheric chemistry model (GEOS‐Chem). The scattering weights account for viewing geometry, surface albedo, cloud scattering, absorption by ozone, and scattering and absorption by aerosols. Absorption of radiation by mineral dust can reduce seasonal mean instrument sensitivity by 50%. Mean SO 2 shape factors simulated with GEOS‐Chem and used in the AMF calculation are highly consistent with airborne in situ measurements (INTEX‐A and INTEX‐B); differences would affect the retrieved SO 2 columns by 10%. The retrieved vertical columns are validated with coincident airborne in situ measurements (INTEX‐A, INTEX‐B, and a campaign over east China). The annual mean AMF errors are estimated to be 35–70% in polluted regions (e.g., East Asia and the eastern United States) and less than 10% over clear ocean regions. The overall SO 2 error assessment is 45–80% for yearly averages over polluted regions. Seasonal mean SO 2 columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY and OMI for 2006 are significantly spatially correlated with those from GEOS‐Chem, in particular over the United States (r = 0.85 for SCIAMACHY and 0.82 for OMI). A sensitivity study confirms the sensitivity of SCIAMACHY and OMI to anthropogenic SO 2 emissions. We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line-of-sight slant columns to vertical columns using altitude-dependent scattering weights computed with a radiative transfer model (LIDORT), weighted by relative vertical SO2 profile (shape factor) determined locally with a global atmospheric chemistry model (GEOS-Chem). The scattering weights account for viewing geometry, surface albedo, cloud scattering, absorption by ozone, and scattering and absorption by aerosols. Absorption of radiation by mineral dust can reduce seasonal mean instrument sensitivity by 50%. Mean SO2 shape factors simulated with GEOS-Chem and used in the AMF calculation are highly consistent with airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A and INTEX-B); differences would affect the retrieved SO2 columns by 10%. The retrieved vertical columns are validated with coincident airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A, INTEX-B, and a campaign over east China). The annual mean AMF errors are estimated to be 3570% in polluted regions (e.g., East Asia and the eastern United States) and less than 10% over clear ocean regions. The overall SO2 error assessment is 4580% for yearly averages over polluted regions. Seasonal mean SO2 columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY and OMI for 2006 are significantly spatially correlated with those from GEOS-Chem, in particular over the United States (r = 0.85 for SCIAMACHY and 0.82 for OMI). A sensitivity study confirms the sensitivity of SCIAMACHY and OMI to anthropogenic SO2 emissions. |
| Author | Holloway, John S. O'Byrne, Gray van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Lee, Chulkyu Krotkov, Nickolay Richter, Andreas Huey, L. Gregory |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Chulkyu surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Chulkyu email: chulkyu.lee@dal.ca organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Randall V. surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Randall V. organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Aaron surname: van Donkelaar fullname: van Donkelaar, Aaron organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: Gray surname: O'Byrne fullname: O'Byrne, Gray organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 5 givenname: Nickolay surname: Krotkov fullname: Krotkov, Nickolay organization: Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Maryland, Baltimore, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Andreas surname: Richter fullname: Richter, Andreas organization: Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: L. Gregory surname: Huey fullname: Huey, L. Gregory organization: School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: John S. surname: Holloway fullname: Holloway, John S. organization: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA |
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| Snippet | We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar... We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar... |
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| SubjectTerms | Absorption aerosols air mass factor Air masses Air pollution Albedo Algorithms Anthropogenic factors Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric sciences Errors Geophysics In situ measurement Marine Mathematical models OMI Radiative transfer Retrieval Scattering SCIAMACHY SO2 Sulfur Sulfur dioxide Troposphere |
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| Title | Retrieval of vertical columns of sulfur dioxide from SCIAMACHY and OMI: Air mass factor algorithm development, validation, and error analysis |
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