四川山区农村面源污染负荷估算与评价
对农村面源污染物负荷的估算、来源分析及控制措施制定是当前研究的热点之一。利用输出系数模型和生态系统服务与权衡综合评价模型(Integrate valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs tool,In VEST模型)估算宝兴县面源污染物总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)负荷,并结合水环境功能分区标准,分析面源污染物的超标情况。旨在揭示山区农村面源污染治理的空间异质性,为农村面源污染防治规划、山区水环境治理效率的提升提供科学依据。结果表明,1)2010年宝兴县面源污染物TN、TP负荷分别为1 156.44、81.41 t/a,TN、TP负荷的空间格局整体上...
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Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 24; pp. 218 - 225 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Chinese |
Published |
万州典型区生态环境监测重点站,重庆 404020
2016
中国科学院大学,北京 100049%中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都 610041 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都 610041 |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1002-6819 |
DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.029 |
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Summary: | 对农村面源污染物负荷的估算、来源分析及控制措施制定是当前研究的热点之一。利用输出系数模型和生态系统服务与权衡综合评价模型(Integrate valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs tool,In VEST模型)估算宝兴县面源污染物总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)负荷,并结合水环境功能分区标准,分析面源污染物的超标情况。旨在揭示山区农村面源污染治理的空间异质性,为农村面源污染防治规划、山区水环境治理效率的提升提供科学依据。结果表明,1)2010年宝兴县面源污染物TN、TP负荷分别为1 156.44、81.41 t/a,TN、TP负荷的空间格局整体上呈现出分布不均,局部集中,靠近水体的规律;2)不同污染源对TN、TP负荷的贡献率大小顺序均为:畜禽养殖〉农业用地〉农村生活;3)从流域尺度看,宝兴县TN、TP负荷没有超过III类水质标准规定的污染物负荷阈值;而从30 m×30 m栅格尺度看,宝兴县TN、TP超标量分别为763.63、51.16 t/a,其超标区域主要集中在耕地、草地、居民地以及靠近水体的地方,以上超标区域即为面源污染控制和治理的关键区域。 |
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Bibliography: | 11-2047/S Non-point source(NPS) pollution produced from agricultural production activity is one of the largest threats to water environment.The management and control of NPS pollutants to achieve the goals of improving surface water quality have gotten an increasing concern throughout the world.Because of the heterogeneity of key driving factors in NPS pollutions such as terrain,precipitation,and vegetation type,the management of NPS pollution in mountainous areas needs more meticulous effort than the plain areas.In this research,considering the characteristics of the spatial heterogeneity of the natural and human factors in mountainous areas,the loads of NPS pollutants,such as total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) are evaluated by the export coefficient model and the InV EST(integrate valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs tool),which is a water purification model.The excesses of NPS pollutants are analyzed according to the water environmental function zoning.The research is intended to reveal th |
ISSN: | 1002-6819 |
DOI: | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.029 |