基于空间自相关的农村居民点空间格局演变及其分区
农村居民点形态特征是自然地理条件和社会经济发展水平的集中体现,其形态特征空间集聚格局可为农村居民点分区提供基础依据。该文以北京市平谷区为例,基于空间自相关方法,分析平谷区农村居民点的空间格局及其演变特征,测度其空间关联性,获取农村居民点空间形态集聚格局,进而结合村庄定位、相关规划等,提出平谷区农村居民点分区方案。研究结果显示,农村居民点规模、形状、分布均呈显著空间自相关,正相关类型多以组团形式出现,而负相关类型则呈零星分布。不同的自然与社会经济特点区域表现出不同的集聚格局,地形地貌等自然条件控制下的农村居民点规模、形状和分布的集聚区域空间一致性较强,而城市化、工业化等人文过程则降低了其空间一致...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 13; pp. 265 - 273 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室，北京 100875
2015
北京师范大学资源学院，北京 100875 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.13.037 |
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| Abstract | 农村居民点形态特征是自然地理条件和社会经济发展水平的集中体现,其形态特征空间集聚格局可为农村居民点分区提供基础依据。该文以北京市平谷区为例,基于空间自相关方法,分析平谷区农村居民点的空间格局及其演变特征,测度其空间关联性,获取农村居民点空间形态集聚格局,进而结合村庄定位、相关规划等,提出平谷区农村居民点分区方案。研究结果显示,农村居民点规模、形状、分布均呈显著空间自相关,正相关类型多以组团形式出现,而负相关类型则呈零星分布。不同的自然与社会经济特点区域表现出不同的集聚格局,地形地貌等自然条件控制下的农村居民点规模、形状和分布的集聚区域空间一致性较强,而城市化、工业化等人文过程则降低了其空间一致性。可据此将农村居民点分为5个管理区域,平原区农村居民点管理应注重其用地综合效益的提升,适时调整优化农村居民点用地结构以改善生产生活条件;半山区应因地制宜推行区域统筹的综合管理模式;而山区则应突出村庄特色,完善居民点内基础设施建设,实现农村居民点整合发展。 |
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| AbstractList | 农村居民点形态特征是自然地理条件和社会经济发展水平的集中体现,其形态特征空间集聚格局可为农村居民点分区提供基础依据。该文以北京市平谷区为例,基于空间自相关方法,分析平谷区农村居民点的空间格局及其演变特征,测度其空间关联性,获取农村居民点空间形态集聚格局,进而结合村庄定位、相关规划等,提出平谷区农村居民点分区方案。研究结果显示,农村居民点规模、形状、分布均呈显著空间自相关,正相关类型多以组团形式出现,而负相关类型则呈零星分布。不同的自然与社会经济特点区域表现出不同的集聚格局,地形地貌等自然条件控制下的农村居民点规模、形状和分布的集聚区域空间一致性较强,而城市化、工业化等人文过程则降低了其空间一致性。可据此将农村居民点分为5个管理区域,平原区农村居民点管理应注重其用地综合效益的提升,适时调整优化农村居民点用地结构以改善生产生活条件;半山区应因地制宜推行区域统筹的综合管理模式;而山区则应突出村庄特色,完善居民点内基础设施建设,实现农村居民点整合发展。 F301.24; 农村居民点形态特征是自然地理条件和社会经济发展水平的集中体现，其形态特征空间集聚格局可为农村居民点分区提供基础依据。该文以北京市平谷区为例，基于空间自相关方法，分析平谷区农村居民点的空间格局及其演变特征，测度其空间关联性，获取农村居民点空间形态集聚格局，进而结合村庄定位、相关规划等，提出平谷区农村居民点分区方案。研究结果显示，农村居民点规模、形状、分布均呈显著空间自相关，正相关类型多以组团形式出现，而负相关类型则呈零星分布。不同的自然与社会经济特点区域表现出不同的集聚格局，地形地貌等自然条件控制下的农村居民点规模、形状和分布的集聚区域空间一致性较强，而城市化、工业化等人文过程则降低了其空间一致性。可据此将农村居民点分为5个管理区域，平原区农村居民点管理应注重其用地综合效益的提升，适时调整优化农村居民点用地结构以改善生产生活条件；半山区应因地制宜推行区域统筹的综合管理模式；而山区则应突出村庄特色，完善居民点内基础设施建设，实现农村居民点整合发展。 |
| Abstract_FL | Research on rural settlements spatial pattern and their evolution helps to reveal the interaction between human and land in different development stages and different areas. It provides theoretical basis for rational land use planning and rural settlement classification management. Rural settlements’ morphology reflects both the natural geographical and social economic development condition. According to our research, rural settlements’ morphology characteristic has significant correlation with topography, population and living condition of people, etc. Therefore, attributes of rural settlements themselves, namely their displayed morphology, can be used to replace the commonly-used index for the zoning of rural settlements. Meanwhile, spatial autocorrelation method can measure the morphological characteristics of spatial agglomeration pattern which provides the foundation for concentrated continuous rural settlements zoning. Taking Pinggu District, Beijing City as an example, the paper conducted a study on the spatial pattern and zoning of rural settlements. The paper extracted rural settlements in 1993, 2003 and 2011 in Pinggu District. Spatial autocorrelation was applied to depict the spatial pattern of rural settlements morphology characteristics, including the size, shape and distribution. And then the relationship was analyzed between size, shape and distribution characteristics of overlapped regions. On the basis of the spatial autocorrelation result and the overlap region analysis, we put forward the comprehensive management zoning of rural settlements. The main results of the study were as follows: Firstly, size, shape and distribution showed significant spatial autocorrelation. Positive autocorrelation types took the form of the group, whereas negative ones scattered. Secondly, obvious differences existed in agglomeration characters between the plain and the hilly mountainous areas. Rural settlements demonstrated large size, regular shape and concentrated distribution in plain, whereas rural settlements in hilly mountainous region were contrary to those in plain. Thirdly, size, shape and distribution of agglomeration region had a certain space consistency. Positive autocorrelation of these features had an overlap in hilly mountainous region and in plain, and the overlap degree in plain was relatively low compared to that in hilly mountainous region. The spatial pattern of rural settlements showed space consistency mainly because of terrain and landform. Rural settlements in hilly mountainous region embodied high space consistency which contained low-low agglomeration areas of size feature, high-high agglomeration areas of shape feature and high-high agglomeration areas of distribution feature. Rural settlements in plain embodied relatively low space consistency. The main reason for the phenomenon was the urbanization and economic development. Fourthly, zoning in Pinggu District was based on spatial pattern characteristics, regional planning and advices from experts who were familiar with Pinggu District. The rural settlements were mainly divided into 5 parts, namely the industry land expansion zones, pilot farm operation zones, differentiate administrative zones, distinctive village development zones and relocation and regulation village zones. Industry land expansion area in plains should pay attention to enhance land use efficiency and improve the rural settlements’ land use integrated benefits. As for rural settlements at the junction of plains and hilly areas, it should manage differently and promote integrated management mode. Agricultural demonstration areas should adjust the structure in order to improve production and living conditions. What’s more, the development of tertiary industry should be encouraged in the villages. Moving and merging village areas and distinctive village development zones should realize the integration development and improve the infrastructure construction. |
| Author | 姜广辉 何新 马雯秋 王明珠 张瑞娟 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 |
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| Author_FL | Wang Mingzhu Jiang Guanghui Zhang Ruijuan He Xin Ma Wenqiu |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Jiang Guanghui – sequence: 2 fullname: He Xin – sequence: 3 fullname: Ma Wenqiu – sequence: 4 fullname: Wang Mingzhu – sequence: 5 fullname: Zhang Ruijuan |
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| Keywords | 自相关 land use 形态特征 zoning rural settlement morphology characteristic 土地利用 农村居民点 空间集聚格局 分区 autocorrelation spatial pattern |
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| Notes | land use; zoning; autocorrelation; rural settlement; morphology characteristic; spatial pattern 11-2047/S Research on rural settlements spatial pattern and their evolution helps to reveal the interaction between human and land in different development stages and different areas. It provides theoretical basis for rational land use planning and rural settlement classification management. Rural settlements＇ morphology reflects both the natural geographical and social economic development condition. According to our research, rural settlements＇ morphology characteristic has significant correlation with topography, population and living condition of people, etc. Therefore, attributes of rural settlements themselves, namely their displayed morphology, can be used to replace the commonly-used index for the zoning of rural settlements. Meanwhile, spatial autocorrelation method can measure the morphological characteristics of spatial agglomeration pattern which provides the foundation for concentrated continuous rural s |
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| Publisher | 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室，北京 100875 北京师范大学资源学院，北京 100875 |
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| Title | 基于空间自相关的农村居民点空间格局演变及其分区 |
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