全膜双垄沟播改善干旱冷凉区盐渍土水盐状况提高玉米产量

为探明全膜双垄沟播技术在内陆干旱冷凉地区盐渍土的水盐调控机制,在山西省大同市,采用大田试验的方法,以半膜覆盖垄播（LB）、半膜平铺穴播（CK）为对照,研究全膜双垄沟播（QM）技术对盐渍土水盐时空动态变化及其对玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明：在苗期QM处理0～30 cm土壤含水率比LB和CK高3.6%和2.9%,在大喇叭口期比LB和CK高27.8%和7.0%,能大幅优化耕层土壤水盐环境,提高玉米的出苗率和成苗率;QM处理各层土壤含盐量均显著降低（P〈0.05）,在大喇叭口期比LB和CK低28.3%、36.3%,在收获前期比LB和CK低31.2%、30.5%;对比1 m土体脱盐率,QM处理脱盐作用最...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 5; pp. 96 - 103
Main Author 李磊 张强 冯悦晨 聂督 孙捷 闫敏 王斌 黄高鉴
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原,030031 2016
Subjects
全膜双垄沟播
土壤水分
干旱
玉米
生育进程
盐分
生育进程
土壤水分
干旱
全膜双垄沟播
玉米
soil moisture
drought
盐分
growth
maize
all-film double ridge furrow sowing
salts
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.05.014

Cover

More Information
Summary:为探明全膜双垄沟播技术在内陆干旱冷凉地区盐渍土的水盐调控机制,在山西省大同市,采用大田试验的方法,以半膜覆盖垄播（LB）、半膜平铺穴播（CK）为对照,研究全膜双垄沟播（QM）技术对盐渍土水盐时空动态变化及其对玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明：在苗期QM处理0～30 cm土壤含水率比LB和CK高3.6%和2.9%,在大喇叭口期比LB和CK高27.8%和7.0%,能大幅优化耕层土壤水盐环境,提高玉米的出苗率和成苗率;QM处理各层土壤含盐量均显著降低（P〈0.05）,在大喇叭口期比LB和CK低28.3%、36.3%,在收获前期比LB和CK低31.2%、30.5%;对比1 m土体脱盐率,QM处理脱盐作用最强,比LB和CK高16.9%、30.7%,能大幅降低耕层土壤含盐量;QM处理比LB、CK玉米提早成熟4 d,增产69.7%和125.3%。总之,采用QM处理可以优化土壤耕层水盐分布,提高出苗率,缩短玉米生育进程,大幅提高产量。研究可为内陆干旱冷凉地区盐碱地的高效利用提供最佳的技术模式。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
drought; soil moisture; salts; all-film double ridge furrow sowing; growth; maize
Li Lei, Zhang Qiang, Feng Yuechen, Nie Du, Sun Jie, Yan Min, Wang Bin, Huang Gaojian （Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, China）
The saline land are 920.9 million hectares in China, and about 69.03% of it is distributed in the 6 western provinces belonging to the inland arid and cold area. Drought and wind in the early spring, and low soil temperature coupled with the harm of saline alkali often result in the low rate of maize emergence and weak growth of the seedlings. The study aimed to investigate the desalination effect of all-film double-furrow sowing in saline land in the arid and cold area. In 2012, 3 cultivation patterns were compared including all-film double-furrow sowing（QM）, half-film mulch ridge sowing（LB） and half-film mulch hole sowing（CK）. The spatio-temporal dynamics of temperature, soil moisture and salinity in the plowed soil duri
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.05.014