Effect of Two Particle Sizes of Nano Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Digestive Tract Morphology, and Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Broilers
The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized...
Saved in:
| Published in | Animals (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 9; p. 1454 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
MDPI AG
25.04.2023
MDPI |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2076-2615 2076-2615 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ani13091454 |
Cover
| Abstract | The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Nano-ZnO has emerged as a popular study subject for the addition of trace elements in the manufacture of animal feed. However, the current research has not studied how different particle sizes of nano-ZnO affect the broiler. In the current study, we studied the impact of two different nano-ZnO particle sizes in broilers. Finally, it was discovered that ZnO nanoparticles could enhance broiler growth performance, promote the development of immune organs, enhance generalized immunity, have some anti-inflammatory effects, and enrich beneficial intestinal bacteria. The effects of the above improvements were negatively correlated with the nanoparticles' particle sizes. The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect. The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect. Simple SummaryNano-ZnO has emerged as a popular study subject for the addition of trace elements in the manufacture of animal feed. However, the current research has not studied how different particle sizes of nano-ZnO affect the broiler. In the current study, we studied the impact of two different nano-ZnO particle sizes in broilers. Finally, it was discovered that ZnO nanoparticles could enhance broiler growth performance, promote the development of immune organs, enhance generalized immunity, have some anti-inflammatory effects, and enrich beneficial intestinal bacteria. The effects of the above improvements were negatively correlated with the nanoparticles’ particle sizes.AbstractThe effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect. The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect.The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the gut microbiome were determined in a 42-day broiler chicken feeding experiment. A total of 75 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomized and divided into three groups with five replicates of five chicks each, including the conventional ZnO group (NC), the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 82 nm (ZNPL), and the nano-ZnO group with an average particle size of 21 nm (ZNPS). Each group was supplemented with 40 mg/kg of ZnO or nano-ZnO. Our results revealed that birds in the ZNPS group had a higher average daily gain and a lower feed-to-gain ratio than those in the NC group. ZNPS significantly increased the thymus index and spleen index, as well as the levels of serum metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LZM). The ZNPS treatments reduced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and increased IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels compared to that in the NC group. Additionally, compared with the birds in the NC group, those in the nano-ZnO group had a higher villus height to crypt depth ratio of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Bacteroides increased in the ZNPS group at the genus level. Further, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Erysipelotrichaceae, and Intestinimonas were significantly increased in the ZNPL group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO improved the growth performance, promoted the development of immune organs, increased nonspecific immunity, improved the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the small intestine, and enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Notably, the smaller particle size (21 nm) of nano-ZnO exhibited a more potent effect. Nano-ZnO has emerged as a popular study subject for the addition of trace elements in the manufacture of animal feed. However, the current research has not studied how different particle sizes of nano-ZnO affect the broiler. In the current study, we studied the impact of two different nano-ZnO particle sizes in broilers. Finally, it was discovered that ZnO nanoparticles could enhance broiler growth performance, promote the development of immune organs, enhance generalized immunity, have some anti-inflammatory effects, and enrich beneficial intestinal bacteria. The effects of the above improvements were negatively correlated with the nanoparticles' particle sizes. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Xu, Qiurong Li, Mengyao Zou, Lirui Wang, Ji Zuo, Xixi Li, Rongfang Wen, Lixin Liu, Xiangyan Qu, Jianyu Wang, Xianglin Tao, Ran |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Changsha Lvye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410100, China 1 Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China 2 Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Changsha Lvye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410100, China – name: 1 Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China – name: 2 Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jianyu orcidid: 0000-0001-9653-3132 surname: Qu fullname: Qu, Jianyu – sequence: 2 givenname: Xixi surname: Zuo fullname: Zuo, Xixi – sequence: 3 givenname: Qiurong surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Qiurong – sequence: 4 givenname: Mengyao surname: Li fullname: Li, Mengyao – sequence: 5 givenname: Lirui surname: Zou fullname: Zou, Lirui – sequence: 6 givenname: Ran surname: Tao fullname: Tao, Ran – sequence: 7 givenname: Xiangyan surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xiangyan – sequence: 8 givenname: Xianglin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xianglin – sequence: 9 givenname: Ji orcidid: 0000-0003-4185-3563 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Ji – sequence: 10 givenname: Lixin surname: Wen fullname: Wen, Lixin – sequence: 11 givenname: Rongfang surname: Li fullname: Li, Rongfang |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174491$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNqNkk9v0zAYhyM0xMbYiTuyxAWJdvhvvJymUbZRaWOTKBculuPYravEb3HSjfF9-J44awfttAPJIZb9vI-d17-X2U6AYLPsNcGHjBX4gw6eMFwQLvizbI9imQ9pTsTOxng3O2jbOU6PFIwI8iLbZZJIzguyl_0-dc6aDoFDk1tA1zp23tQWffW_bNvPftEB0HcfDLr66SuLIKDzCLfdDF3b6CA2Ohg7QOOmWQaLzpbBdB7CAH3yU9t2_saiSdRpg0uIixnUML0bIB0qNA5dvx50jS69iVB66DQaQbOA1vcK5AP6GMHXNravsudO1609WH_3s29np5PR5-HF1fl4dHIxNELm3ZAcaVxhSRgrC2mZFEI6bgWVeVXQAlcl5Y5pyWUhy8oRLQQnVDBncMWow5TtZ-OVtwI9V4voGx3vFGiv7icgTtW6QaqqWGEoxTk2mhuRl2WpBaOUccLLtEVyHa9ci2XZ2MrY0EVdb0m3V4KfqSncKIKJlKwgyfBubYjwY5m6pRrfGlvXOlhYtooeHcmcMMLZf6CEiVxw3J_r7SN0DsuY7uGeokwWNGf_qKlOP-uDg3RG00vViRSUkR5K1OETVHor23iTkurS9W0XvNlsyt9uPAQyAWQFpEi0bbROGd_pPg_J7OvUHNXnXm3kPtW8f1TzoH2K_gMlHwD8 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_52419_issn2072_2419_2023_4_197 crossref_primary_10_3390_agriculture15050504 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12011_024_04371_6 crossref_primary_10_14202_vetworld_2024_1733_1747 crossref_primary_10_1080_00439339_2025_2457070 crossref_primary_10_1088_2752_5724_ada62b |
| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s12011-021-02635-z 10.1099/ijs.0.051441-0 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.09.009 10.1016/j.chom.2018.07.002 10.1007/s00442-003-1409-y 10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.016 10.1093/jas/skz065 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104299 10.1210/me.2014-1108 10.3390/v11080681 10.3389/fmicb.2020.618144 10.1371/journal.pone.0146144 10.3390/nu7125497 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101912 10.1007/s12011-022-03320-5 10.3390/ani12070899 10.1080/19490976.2021.1894070 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.052 10.1111/1574-6968.12608 10.3382/ps/pex396 10.3382/ps.2014-03974 10.1186/s13099-015-0051-7 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5660 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02088 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102020 10.1079/BJN19960046 10.1016/j.chom.2009.05.010 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309990 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.09.004 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00004 10.1038/nri.2016.42 10.3390/ijms14036044 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111817 10.1186/s40168-020-00845-6 10.20506/rst.24.1.1579 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.053 10.1186/s12917-022-03483-2 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.011 10.1371/journal.pone.0188587 10.1007/s00210-021-02105-2 10.1007/s12011-018-1346-6 10.1186/1471-2105-13-113 10.1007/s11356-020-09888-6 10.3390/nu3100858 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.09.004 10.20944/preprints201705.0176.v1 10.1038/s41598-020-69010-1 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101996 10.1186/1471-2180-11-103 10.1007/s12011-020-02354-x 10.1007/s12011-020-02141-8 10.3382/ps/pez452 10.1002/jsfa.10686 10.1007/s12011-022-03547-2 10.1111/jpn.12871 10.1002/cbic.200800511 10.1007/s00394-017-1445-8 10.1007/s11356-019-04344-6 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2023 by the authors. 2023 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG – notice: 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: 2023 by the authors. 2023 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 7S9 L.6 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.3390/ani13091454 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518 sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Zoology |
| EISSN | 2076-2615 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_dd39c22060ca4c56bbba53223414b747 PMC10177391 A752312633 37174491 10_3390_ani13091454 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Japan China United Kingdom--UK United States--US |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: China – name: Japan – name: United Kingdom--UK – name: United States--US |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Department of Education of Hunan Province grantid: No. 19B249 – fundername: Department of Education of Hunan Province grantid: 19B249 |
| GroupedDBID | 5VS 7XC 8FE 8FH AAFWJ AAHBH AAYXX ABDBF ACUHS AFKRA AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS APEBS BENPR CCPQU CITATION DIK EAD EAP EPL ESX GROUPED_DOAJ HYE IAO ITC LK8 M48 MODMG M~E OK1 OZF PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC PUEGO RPM TUS ZBA ATCPS BBNVY BHPHI HCIFZ ISR M0K M7P NPM PATMY PYCSY PMFND ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 7S9 L.6 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c576t-18a0d07133b97e37557f4e5276d9290db24f3a74797bdf1a5541253fc0d32f023 |
| IEDL.DBID | M48 |
| ISSN | 2076-2615 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:32:13 EDT 2025 Tue Sep 30 17:14:03 EDT 2025 Fri Sep 05 08:41:07 EDT 2025 Thu Sep 04 20:31:03 EDT 2025 Sat Aug 23 14:32:24 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 17 21:08:51 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 10 20:41:50 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 22:51:51 EST 2025 Wed Oct 01 02:40:53 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:58:18 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Keywords | growth performance gut microbiome immune function nano-ZnO broiler chickens |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c576t-18a0d07133b97e37557f4e5276d9290db24f3a74797bdf1a5541253fc0d32f023 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work. |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4185-3563 0000-0001-9653-3132 |
| OpenAccessLink | http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.3390/ani13091454 |
| PMID | 37174491 |
| PQID | 2812379263 |
| PQPubID | 2032438 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_dd39c22060ca4c56bbba53223414b747 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10177391 proquest_miscellaneous_2887613143 proquest_miscellaneous_2813565407 proquest_journals_2812379263 gale_infotracmisc_A752312633 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A752312633 pubmed_primary_37174491 crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_ani13091454 crossref_primary_10_3390_ani13091454 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2023-04-25 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-04-25 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 04 year: 2023 text: 2023-04-25 day: 25 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Switzerland |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Switzerland – name: Basel |
| PublicationTitle | Animals (Basel) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Animals (Basel) |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG MDPI |
| Publisher_xml | – name: MDPI AG – name: MDPI |
| References | Bell (ref_34) 2009; 10 Scott (ref_21) 2005; 24 Marchesi (ref_37) 2016; 65 Rooks (ref_9) 2016; 16 Clarke (ref_7) 2014; 28 Ogbuewu (ref_3) 2022; 201 Hafez (ref_13) 2020; 27 Omeka (ref_31) 2022; 127 Liu (ref_14) 2021; 101 Gad (ref_36) 2021; 394 ref_59 Ahiwe (ref_28) 2019; 98 ElKatcha (ref_2) 2017; 55 Gyawali (ref_15) 2022; 101 ref_60 Oakley (ref_46) 2014; 360 Jacobson (ref_40) 2018; 24 Shu (ref_41) 2020; 10 ref_20 Lan (ref_49) 2021; 100 Comstock (ref_52) 2009; 5 Xiao (ref_19) 2020; 8 Salaheen (ref_48) 2017; 8 Hussan (ref_11) 2022; 200 Zeng (ref_54) 2019; 9 Zhang (ref_18) 2022; 101 Reed (ref_6) 2015; 7 ref_26 Choi (ref_44) 2014; 93 Michaudel (ref_39) 2020; 32 Qi (ref_8) 2021; 13 Bai (ref_23) 2019; 97 Goodrich (ref_50) 2014; 159 Jarosz (ref_27) 2019; 187 Dai (ref_42) 2020; 11 Abedini (ref_30) 2018; 102 Ahmadi (ref_51) 2019; 67 Rowland (ref_38) 2018; 57 Ranjbar (ref_58) 2021; 141 Vinolo (ref_56) 2011; 3 ref_33 ref_32 Fraker (ref_4) 1978; 75 Smith (ref_29) 2004; 138 Pluske (ref_24) 1996; 76 Ratajczak (ref_57) 2019; 66 Klaring (ref_55) 2013; 63 Moravej (ref_10) 2021; 199 Forte (ref_25) 2018; 97 Moravej (ref_17) 2021; 199 Nejdl (ref_35) 2013; 14 Scheerlinck (ref_22) 2006; 24 Yang (ref_53) 2020; 27 ref_47 ref_43 Wang (ref_16) 2022; 101 Radi (ref_12) 2021; 28 Zalewski (ref_1) 2005; 105 Sieo (ref_45) 2015; 7 ref_5 |
| References_xml | – volume: 200 start-page: 348 year: 2022 ident: ref_11 article-title: Dietary Supplementation of Nano Zinc Oxide on Performance, Carcass, Serum and Meat Quality Parameters of Commercial Broilers publication-title: Biol. Trace Element Res. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02635-z – volume: 63 start-page: 4606 year: 2013 ident: ref_55 article-title: Intestinimonas butyriciproducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium from the mouse intestine publication-title: Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.051441-0 – volume: 24 start-page: 1124 year: 2006 ident: ref_22 article-title: Systemic immune responses in sheep, induced by a novel nano-bead adjuvant publication-title: Vaccine doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.09.009 – volume: 24 start-page: 296 year: 2018 ident: ref_40 article-title: A Gut Commensal-Produced Metabolite Mediates Colonization Resistance to Salmonella Infection publication-title: Cell Host Microbe doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.07.002 – volume: 138 start-page: 28 year: 2004 ident: ref_29 article-title: On the use of spleen mass as a measure of avian immune system strength publication-title: Oecologia doi: 10.1007/s00442-003-1409-y – volume: 27 start-page: 467 year: 2020 ident: ref_53 article-title: Fecal IgA Levels Are Determined by Strain-Level Differences in Bacteroides ovatus and Are Modifiable by Gut Microbiota Manipulation publication-title: Cell Host Microbe doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.016 – volume: 97 start-page: 1772 year: 2019 ident: ref_23 article-title: Use of coated nano zinc oxide as an additive to improve the zinc excretion and intestinal morphology of growing pigs publication-title: J. Anim. Sci. doi: 10.1093/jas/skz065 – volume: 127 start-page: 104299 year: 2022 ident: ref_31 article-title: Molecular characterization, immune responses, and functional activities of manganese superoxide dismutase in disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus) publication-title: Dev. Comp. Immunol. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104299 – volume: 28 start-page: 1221 year: 2014 ident: ref_7 article-title: Minireview: Gut microbiota: The neglected endocrine organ publication-title: Mol. Endocrinol. doi: 10.1210/me.2014-1108 – ident: ref_60 doi: 10.3390/v11080681 – volume: 11 start-page: 618144 year: 2020 ident: ref_42 article-title: Organic Acids as Alternatives for Antibiotic Growth Promoters Alter the Intestinal Structure and Microbiota and Improve the Growth Performance in Broilers publication-title: Front. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.618144 – ident: ref_59 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146144 – volume: 7 start-page: 9768 year: 2015 ident: ref_6 article-title: Chronic Zinc Deficiency Alters Chick Gut Microbiota Composition and Function publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu7125497 – volume: 101 start-page: 101912 year: 2022 ident: ref_15 article-title: Effect of novel Lactobacillus paracaesi microcapsule on growth performance, gut health and microbiome community of broiler chickens publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101912 – volume: 201 start-page: 2491 year: 2022 ident: ref_3 article-title: A Meta-analysis of Responses of Broiler Chickens to Dietary Zinc Supplementation: Feed Intake, Feed Conversion Ratio and Average Daily Gain publication-title: Biol. Trace Element Res. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03320-5 – ident: ref_32 doi: 10.3390/ani12070899 – volume: 13 start-page: 1 year: 2021 ident: ref_8 article-title: The impact of the gut microbiota on the reproductive and metabolic endocrine system publication-title: Gut Microbes doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1894070 – volume: 100 start-page: 100875 year: 2021 ident: ref_49 article-title: Effects of alpha-glyceryl monolaurate on growth, immune function, volatile fatty acids, and gut microbiota in broiler chickens publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.052 – volume: 360 start-page: 100 year: 2014 ident: ref_46 article-title: The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome publication-title: FEMS Microbiol. Lett. doi: 10.1111/1574-6968.12608 – volume: 97 start-page: 930 year: 2018 ident: ref_25 article-title: Dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus positively influences growth performance, gut morphology, and gut microbiology in rurally reared chickens publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex396 – volume: 93 start-page: 1942 year: 2014 ident: ref_44 article-title: Spatial heterogeneity and stability of bacterial community in the gastrointestinal tracts of broiler chickens publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.3382/ps.2014-03974 – volume: 7 start-page: 4 year: 2015 ident: ref_45 article-title: Deciphering chicken gut microbial dynamics based on high-throughput 16S rRNA metagenomics analyses publication-title: Gut Pathog. doi: 10.1186/s13099-015-0051-7 – volume: 75 start-page: 5660 year: 1978 ident: ref_4 article-title: Regeneration of T-cell helper function in zinc-deficient adult mice publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5660 – volume: 8 start-page: 2088 year: 2017 ident: ref_48 article-title: Alternative Growth Promoters Modulate Broiler Gut Microbiome and Enhance Body Weight Gain publication-title: Front. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02088 – volume: 101 start-page: 102020 year: 2022 ident: ref_18 article-title: Effects of coated sodium butyrate on performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of laying hens publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102020 – volume: 76 start-page: 409 year: 1996 ident: ref_24 article-title: Maintenance of villus height and crypt depth, and enhancement of disaccharide digestion and monosaccharide absorption, in piglets fed on cows’ whole milk after weaning publication-title: Br. J. Nutr. doi: 10.1079/BJN19960046 – volume: 5 start-page: 522 year: 2009 ident: ref_52 article-title: Importance of glycans to the host-bacteroides mutualism in the mammalian intestine publication-title: Cell Host Microbe doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2009.05.010 – volume: 65 start-page: 330 year: 2016 ident: ref_37 article-title: The gut microbiota and host health: A new clinical frontier publication-title: Gut doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309990 – volume: 32 start-page: 514 year: 2020 ident: ref_39 article-title: The Gut Microbiota at the Service of Immunometabolism publication-title: Cell Metab. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.09.004 – volume: 9 start-page: 4 year: 2019 ident: ref_54 article-title: Higher Risk of Stroke Is Correlated With Increased Opportunistic Pathogen Load and Reduced Levels of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in the Gut publication-title: Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00004 – volume: 66 start-page: 1 year: 2019 ident: ref_57 article-title: Immunomodulatory potential of gut microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) publication-title: Acta Biochim. Pol. – volume: 16 start-page: 341 year: 2016 ident: ref_9 article-title: Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity publication-title: Nat. Rev. Immunol. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.42 – volume: 14 start-page: 6044 year: 2013 ident: ref_35 article-title: The role of metallothionein in oxidative stress publication-title: Int. J. Mol. Sci. doi: 10.3390/ijms14036044 – volume: 141 start-page: 111817 year: 2021 ident: ref_58 article-title: Immunomodulatory roles of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in bacterial infections publication-title: Biomed. Pharmacother. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111817 – volume: 8 start-page: 69 year: 2020 ident: ref_19 article-title: Gut microbiota-derived indole 3-propionic acid protects against radiation toxicity via retaining acyl-CoA-binding protein publication-title: Microbiome doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00845-6 – volume: 24 start-page: 425 year: 2005 ident: ref_21 article-title: Nanotechnology and animal health publication-title: Rev. Sci. Tech. doi: 10.20506/rst.24.1.1579 – volume: 159 start-page: 789 year: 2014 ident: ref_50 article-title: Human genetics shape the gut microbiome publication-title: Cell doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.053 – ident: ref_43 doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03483-2 – volume: 67 start-page: 1 year: 2019 ident: ref_51 article-title: Prebiotics from acorn and sago prevent high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance via microbiome-gut-brain axis modulation publication-title: J. Nutr. Biochem. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.011 – ident: ref_26 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188587 – volume: 394 start-page: 1975 year: 2021 ident: ref_36 article-title: Amelioration of autoimmunity and inflammation by zinc oxide nanoparticles in experimental rheumatoid arthritis publication-title: Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. doi: 10.1007/s00210-021-02105-2 – volume: 187 start-page: 258 year: 2019 ident: ref_27 article-title: Effect of Zinc Sulfate and Zinc Glycine Chelate on Concentrations of Acute Phase Proteins in Chicken Serum and Liver Tissue publication-title: Biol. Trace Element Res. doi: 10.1007/s12011-018-1346-6 – ident: ref_20 doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-113 – volume: 28 start-page: 5158 year: 2021 ident: ref_12 article-title: Comparative effects of zinc oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticle as feed additives on growth, feed choice test, tissue residues, and histopathological changes in broiler chickens publication-title: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09888-6 – volume: 55 start-page: 129 year: 2017 ident: ref_2 article-title: Effect of Dietary Replacement of Inorganic Zinc by Organic or Nanoparticles Sources on Growth Performance, Immune Response and Intestinal Histopathology of Broiler Chicken publication-title: Alex. J. Vet. Sci. – volume: 3 start-page: 858 year: 2011 ident: ref_56 article-title: Regulation of inflammation by short chain fatty acids publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu3100858 – volume: 105 start-page: 127 year: 2005 ident: ref_1 article-title: Zinc metabolism in airway epithelium and airway inflammation: Basic mechanisms and clinical targets. A review publication-title: Pharmacol. Ther. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.09.004 – ident: ref_5 doi: 10.20944/preprints201705.0176.v1 – volume: 10 start-page: 12324 year: 2020 ident: ref_41 article-title: Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69010-1 – volume: 101 start-page: 101996 year: 2022 ident: ref_16 article-title: The combined impact of xylo-oligosaccharides and gamma-irradiated astragalus polysaccharides on the immune response, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota composition of broilers publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101996 – ident: ref_47 doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-103 – volume: 199 start-page: 2303 year: 2021 ident: ref_10 article-title: Comparison of Zinc Sulfate and Zinc Threonine Based on Zn Bioavailability and Performance of Broiler Chicks publication-title: Biol. Trace Element Res. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02354-x – volume: 199 start-page: 292 year: 2021 ident: ref_17 article-title: Comparison the Zn-Threonine, Zn-Methionine, and Zn Oxide on Performance, Egg Quality, Zn Bioavailability, and Zn Content in Egg and Excreta of Laying Hens publication-title: Biol. Trace Element Res. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02141-8 – volume: 98 start-page: 7129 year: 2019 ident: ref_28 article-title: Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide publication-title: Poult. Sci. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez452 – volume: 101 start-page: 735 year: 2021 ident: ref_14 article-title: Effects of different concentrations of coated nano zinc oxide material on fecal bacterial composition and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets publication-title: J. Sci. Food Agric. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10686 – ident: ref_33 doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03547-2 – volume: 102 start-page: 736 year: 2018 ident: ref_30 article-title: Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the egg quality, immune response, zinc retention, and blood parameters of laying hens in the late phase of production publication-title: J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12871 – volume: 10 start-page: 55 year: 2009 ident: ref_34 article-title: The metallothionein/thionein system: An oxidoreductive metabolic zinc link publication-title: Chembiochem doi: 10.1002/cbic.200800511 – volume: 57 start-page: 1 year: 2018 ident: ref_38 article-title: Gut microbiota functions: Metabolism of nutrients and other food components publication-title: Eur. J. Nutr. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1445-8 – volume: 27 start-page: 19108 year: 2020 ident: ref_13 article-title: Impact of dietary nano-zinc oxide on immune response and antioxidant defense of broiler chickens publication-title: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04344-6 |
| SSID | ssj0000753151 |
| Score | 2.3371289 |
| Snippet | The effects of dietary supplementation with two particle sizes of nano zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology, and the... Nano-ZnO has emerged as a popular study subject for the addition of trace elements in the manufacture of animal feed. However, the current research has not... Simple SummaryNano-ZnO has emerged as a popular study subject for the addition of trace elements in the manufacture of animal feed. However, the current... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 1454 |
| SubjectTerms | Anticoagulants average daily gain Bacteroides Bioavailability Biological response modifiers Biotechnology Birds Blood blood serum broiler chickens Costs (Law) Cytokines Dietary supplements digestive tract duodenum Feed industry Feeds Growth growth performance gut microbiome ileum immune function immune response Immunoglobulins interferons interleukin-2 Interleukins intestinal microorganisms jejunum Lysozyme Metabolism metallothionein Microbiota Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) Morphology nano-ZnO Nanomaterials Nutrition research Particle size Photographic industry Poultry Small intestine spleen superoxide dismutase tumor necrosis factor-alpha Tumor necrosis factor-TNF villi Zinc oxide Zinc oxides |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1ba9VAEF6kIPgi1mtslREKgpzQJJtNso9VPFbhaMFTKH0Je6UR2UhPiuL_8X86k6THBEVffM1OyO7O7Mx82Z1vGTsoKtpUT8rYeOPi3HsVa69lbC1xiXjrjKIC59X74vg0f3cmziZXfdGZsIEeeJi4Q2u5NFmWFIlRuRGF1loJtEL0vrnGXJi8L4axCZj6NGzPcYxlQ0EeR1x_qEKD7lqmuchnIahn6v_dH08C0vyw5CT6LO-w22PaCEdDd3fZDRfuspvnbf9T_B77MZAQQ-th_bWFk3FY8LH57jb0FJ1oC-dNMPDhW2MdtAHeIADvLuDkV-XAAt5StYiDJQY7UtgChv0n9IiwpnIqWLWol_6jC1DBAv1QxHbq26oZOJ06BeRkxsNg0ARAqI--53Jzn50uX69fHcfjBQyxQRjSxWmlEtvDWC1Lx0shSp87kZWFxawqsTrLPVeoBFlq61OFqQnmS9ybxPLMYzbwgO2ENrhHDIzxoszpqmOZEKla5VNZGSk0AjqZFyJiL651UpuRnZwuyfhcI0ohBdYTBUbsYCv8ZSDl-LPYS1LuVoSYtPsHaF_1qIj6X_YVsedkGjWtd-yQUWPZAg6LmLPqoxKhfJoVnEdsfyaJ69TMm6-Nqx79xKbOML_ipcT2iD3bNtObdPYtuPaql-GYdiPy_psMRrWUY_IbsYeDvW6HzRGx4ySnEatmljybl3lLaC56pnHy1yWX6eP_MZN77FaGNkFbcZnYZzvd5ZV7ghldp5_2i_cnBLtJHA priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: ProQuest Central dbid: BENPR link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1ta9RAEF7qFcEv4rupVVYoCHKhSTab3H4Q6UnPKtx56BVKv4R9tQHJtncpiv_H_-lMkrteUPo1O8ftZibPzOzuPEPIQTbCQ_UoD7XTNkydk6FySoTGIJeIM1ZLLHCezrKT0_TzGT_bIbN1LQxeq1xjYgPUxmvcIz9MwBOxXCQZe395FWLXKDxdXbfQkF1rBfOuoRi7Q3YT7Ko8ILvj49n862bXBRwkAx_XFuoxyPcPZVUCjIs45WnPNTUM_v_i9Jaj6l-i3PJKkwfkfhdO0qNW_w_Jjq0ekbvnvtksf0z-tOTE1Du6-OnpvLMT-q38bVf4FMDV0_Oy0vTLr9JY6iv6ERLz-oLObyoKhvQTVpFYOgEniIoc0vZcCpCSLrDMik496Kv50yGVlaG40QjjOLdp2XI91ZIi-HSXxGhZ0fHSAyYtV0_I6eR48eEk7BozhBrSkzqMRzIyTXqrRG5ZznnuUsuTPDMQbUVGJaljEhIVkSvjYgkhC8RRzOnIsMRBlPCUDCpf2eeEau14nmILZBEh2drIxWKkBVeQ6Ik04wF5u9ZJoTvWcmye8aOA7AUVWGwpMCAHG-HLlqzj_2JjVO5GBBm2mwd--b3oFFEYw4ROkiiLtEw1z5RSkgP6gddPFSwtIG_QNArEAZiQll05AywLGbWKoxxS_BjMlQVkvycJ36_uD6-Nq-jwY1XcWHtAXm-G8Zd4J66y_rqRYRCOQ0Z-mwx4u5hBUByQZ629bpbNIJOHlxwHZNSz5N576Y9U5UXDQI44njMR790-9xfkXgLaxsO3hO-TQb28ti8hhqvVq-7D_AtnjUeq priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest |
| Title | Effect of Two Particle Sizes of Nano Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Digestive Tract Morphology, and Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Broilers |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174491 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2812379263 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2813565407 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2887613143 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10177391 https://doaj.org/article/dd39c22060ca4c56bbba53223414b747 |
| Volume | 13 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVEBS databaseName: EBSCOhost Academic Search Ultimate customDbUrl: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s3936755&profile=ehost&defaultdb=asn eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: ABDBF dateStart: 20111201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=asn providerName: EBSCOhost – providerCode: PRVBFR databaseName: Free Medical Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: DIK dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com providerName: Flying Publisher – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (ISSN International Center) customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVAQN databaseName: PubMed Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: RPM dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ providerName: National Library of Medicine – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518 eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20110301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVFZP databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-2615 dateEnd: 20250930 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0000753151 issn: 2076-2615 databaseCode: M48 dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://journals.scholarsportal.info providerName: Scholars Portal |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3db9MwELfGJiReEN8ERmWkCSTUQGLHSf2A0IpWBlJHBZ007SXyJwuakq3txOD_4f_kLklLAxPiNb4ktu98dz_bd0fITjrAQ_UoC403Lky8V6H2WobWYi4Rb51RGOA8Pkj3D5MPR-JogyxDCNoJnF8J7bCe1OHs9OXl-fc3sOBfI-IEyP5KlQVoYhknInl2dh5iRSk8eW3La1wjW2ClGEr8uHX9vzYHeDyuqzMygPIhAAnRhO_9-cmOwarz-v-tvdfMV_dq5ZqtGt0iN1snk-42UnGbbLjyDrl-XNVb6HfJzyZlMa08nX6r6KSVHvq5-OHm-BRUbkWPi9LQj5eFdbQq6TuA64sTOvkdZ9Cn7zG2xNERmEZkb582p1WgP-kUg6_ouAIu1j_tU1VaituP0I59GxdNBqiFoqiS2qtjtCjpcFaBpprN75HD0d707X7YlmsIDYCWRRgPVGRr0Ktl5ngmROYTJ1iWWvDBIqtZ4rkC-CIzbX2swJEB74p7E1nOPPgO98lmWZXuIaHGeJElWBhZRpiCbeBjOTBSaIB_MklFQF4seZKbNpc5ltQ4zQHTIAPzNQYGZGdFfNak8LiabIjMXZFg3u36QTX7kreMyK3l0jAWpZFRiRGp1loJ0IngCyQahhaQ5ygaOcordMioNsgBhoV5tvLdDIB_zFLOA7LdoYRVbbrNS-HKl4siZ-CN8UxCe0CerprxTbwpV7rqoqbh4KQDTv8XDdjAmIOrHJAHjbyuhs0B38MkxwEZdCS5My_dlrI4qfOSo3bPuIwf_UfnHpMbDFiO53JMbJPNxezCPQH3bqF7ZGu4dzD51Ku3R3r1qv0F9NtRQA |
| linkProvider | Scholars Portal |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1fb9MwELemTQheEP8XGGCkISTUaElsx_XDhFZY6dg6KuikaS8hsWMWCcWj7VTg-_A1-GzcJWm3CLS3vcYXxc6df7_zn7sjZDPu4qF6IH1tde5za1M_s5nyjcFcItbkOsUA5-FhPDjiH47F8Qr5s4iFwWuVC0ysgNo4jXvkWxEwEZMqitmbs-8-Vo3C09VFCY20Ka1gtqsUY01gx37-cw5LuOn23jvQ98so6u-O3w78psqAr8HXnvlhNw1MtVbLlMyZFEJanotIxgZch8BkEbcsBa9byczYMAX-BaeAWR0YFtkq8QFQwBq4HQxm1Vpv93D0abnLA4TMgFPrwEDGVLCVlgXQhgq54C0qrCoG_MsLl4ixfWnzEgv275DbjftKd2p7u0tW8vIeuXHiqs35--R3nQyZOkvHc0dHjV3Sz8WvfIpPAcwdPSlKTT_-KExOXUnfT9x8dkpHFxEMHbqHUSs57QPpouF0aH0OBshMxxjWRYcO7KP6aIempaG4sQnt2LdhUeeWmqUUwa65lEaLkvYmDjBwMn1Ajq5FRQ_JaunKfJ1Qra2QHEsuqwCTu3VtqLpaiQwWlorHwiOvFzpJdJMlHYt1fEtgtYQKTC4p0CObS-GzOjnI_8V6qNylCGb0rh64ydekUURiDFM6ioI40CnXIs6yLBWAtuBl8AyG5pFXaBoJ4g50SKdN-AQMCzN4JTtSgKsO04N5ZKMlCXih280L40oavJomF7PLIy-Wzfgm3sErc3deyTBw_3kgr5IBdg0ZOOEeeVTb63LYTMLql6vQI92WJbf-S7ulLE6rjOfIG5Kp8PHVfX9Obg7Gw4PkYO9w_wm5FYHm8eAvEhtkdTY5z5-C_zjLnjWTlJIv140LfwEhZYJ_ |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1fb9MwELemTiBeEP8XGGCkISTUqEmcxM3DhFa2sjJaKuikaS_B8R8WCcWj7VTg-_Bl-FTcJWnXCLS3vcZX1cmdf78723dHyE7cxUN1j7vSSO2Gxgg3M1niKoW1RIzSUmCC83AUHx6H70-ikw3yZ5kLg9cql5hYArWyEvfIOwEwEeNJELOOqa9FjPf7b86_u9hBCk9al-00RN1mQe2W5cbqJI8j_XMB4dxsd7APun8ZBP2DydtDt-444Erwu-eu3xWeKuO2LOGa8SjiJtRRwGMFboSnsiA0TIAHnvBMGV8AF4ODwIz0FAtMWQQB6GCTY75oi2z2DkbjT6sdHyBnBvxaJQkylngdUeRAIYkfRmGDFsvuAf9yxBpJNi9wrjFi_w65XbuydK-yvbtkQxf3yI1TW27U3ye_q8LI1Bo6WVg6rm2Ufs5_6Rk-BWC39DQvJP34I1ea2oK-m9rF_IyOL7MZ2nSAGSya9oGA0YjatDoTA5SmE0zxokMLtlL-aZuKQlHc5IRxnNswr-pMzQVF4KsvqNG8oL2pBTyczh6Q42tR0UPSKmyhtwiV0kQ8xPbLiYeF3rrGT7oyiTIIMpMwjhzyeqmTVNYV07Fxx7cUIidUYLqmQIfsrITPq0Ih_xfroXJXIljdu3xgp1_TWhGpUiyRQeDFnhShjOIsy0QEyAseR5jBqznkFZpGihgEE5KiTqWA18JqXukej8Bth6XCHLLdkATskM3hpXGlNXbN0suV5pAXq2H8Jd7HK7S9KGUYhAKhx6-SAab1GTjkDnlU2evqtRmHSDhMfId0G5bc-C7NkSI_K6ufI4fAAvMfXz335-Qm4EP6YTA6ekJuBaB4PAMMom3Smk8v9FNwJefZs3qNUvLlumHhL2qmhrk |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Two+Particle+Sizes+of+Nano+Zinc+Oxide+on+Growth+Performance%2C+Immune+Function%2C+Digestive+Tract+Morphology%2C+and+Intestinal+Microbiota+Composition+in+Broilers&rft.jtitle=Animals+%28Basel%29&rft.au=Qu%2C+Jianyu&rft.au=Zuo%2C+Xixi&rft.au=Xu%2C+Qiurong&rft.au=Li%2C+Mengyao&rft.date=2023-04-25&rft.issn=2076-2615&rft.eissn=2076-2615&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=9&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fani13091454&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-2615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-2615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-2615&client=summon |