Symptom Provocation in Specific Phobia Affects the Substance P Neurokinin-1 Receptor System

Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by...

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Published inBiological psychiatry (1969) Vol. 61; no. 8; pp. 1002 - 1006
Main Authors Michelgård, Åsa, Appel, Lieuwe, Pissiota, Anna, Frans, Örjan, Långström, Bengt, Bergström, Mats, Fredrikson, Mats
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York, NY Elsevier Inc 15.04.2007
Elsevier Science
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0006-3223
1873-2402
1873-2402
DOI10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.07.003

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Abstract Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV–defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [ 11C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
AbstractList BackgroundAnimal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. MethodsSixteen adult women with DSM-IV–defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [ 11C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. ResultsThe uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. ConclusionsFear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia.BACKGROUNDAnimal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia.Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV-defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [(11)C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer.METHODSSixteen adult women with DSM-IV-defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [(11)C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer.The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding.RESULTSThe uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding.Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.CONCLUSIONSFear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV-defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [(11)C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Background Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. Methods Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV-defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [ super(11)C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. Results The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. Conclusions Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV–defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [ 11C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Background: Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear provocation in subjects with specific phobia. Methods: Sixteen adult women with DSM-IV-defined specific phobia for either snakes or spiders but not both viewed pictures of feared and non-feared animals while being PET-scanned for 60 min with the highly specific NK1 receptor antagonist [ 11 C]GR205171 as the labeled PET tracer. Results: The uptake of the labeled NK1 receptor antagonist was significantly reduced in the right amygdala during phobic stimulation. In the left amygdala no significant differences were found between phobic and non-phobic conditions. There was a negative correlation in the right, but not left, amygdala between subjective anxiety ratings and NK1 tracer binding. Conclusions: Fear provocation affects the SP-NK1 receptor system in the right amygdala. This reflects reduced NK1 receptor availability during fear and could mirror an increased release of endogenous substance P.
Author Appel, Lieuwe
Bergström, Mats
Långström, Bengt
Michelgård, Åsa
Frans, Örjan
Fredrikson, Mats
Pissiota, Anna
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  email: mats.fredrikson@psyk.uu.se
  organization: Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Issue 8
Keywords NK1-receptor
Anxiety
brain
substance P
specific phobia
PET
Radionuclide study
Affect affectivity
NK1 Tachykinin receptor
Substance P
Central nervous system
Anxiety disorder
Neuropeptide
Encephalon
Symptomatology
Phobia
Tachykinin
Positron emission tomography
Emission tomography
NK1 -receptor
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Snippet Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1)...
BackgroundAnimal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1...
Background Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1...
Background: Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Amygdala - diagnostic imaging
Animals
Antiemetics - pharmacokinetics
Anxiety
Anxiety disorders. Neuroses
Araneae
Biological and medical sciences
brain
Female
Functional Laterality
Humans
Medical sciences
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
NK1-receptor
PET
Phobia
Phobic Disorders - metabolism
Phobic Disorders - pathology
Phobic Disorders - psychology
Piperidines - pharmacokinetics
Positron-Emission Tomography
Psychiatric/Mental Health
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Receptors, Neurokinin-1 - metabolism
specific phobia
substance P
Tetrazoles - pharmacokinetics
Title Symptom Provocation in Specific Phobia Affects the Substance P Neurokinin-1 Receptor System
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.07.003
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16950220
https://www.proquest.com/docview/19718333
https://www.proquest.com/docview/70326543
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-15000
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