Autoantibodies against type I interferons in COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

•COVID-19 was found to be associated with autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs).•The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%).•The prevalence of anti-IFN-I autoantibodies was 10% in patients with severe COVID-19.•Anti-IFN-I autoantibodies were more common in male pa...

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Published inInternational journal of infectious diseases Vol. 130; pp. 147 - 152
Main Authors Wang, Xi, Tang, Qi, Li, Hongmei, Jiang, Honglin, Xu, Jing, Bergquist, Robert, Qin, Zhiqiang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Canada Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2023
The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases
Elsevier
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ISSN1201-9712
1878-3511
1878-3511
DOI10.1016/j.ijid.2023.03.011

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Abstract •COVID-19 was found to be associated with autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs).•The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%).•The prevalence of anti-IFN-I autoantibodies was 10% in patients with severe COVID-19.•Anti-IFN-I autoantibodies were more common in male patients. In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables. A systemic review with the search terms: “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” and “autoantibodies” or “autoantibody” and “IFN” or “interferon” for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%). Severe COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.
AbstractList Objectives: In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables. Methods: A systemic review with the search terms: “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” and “autoantibodies” or “autoantibody” and “IFN” or “interferon” for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: We identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%). Conclusion: Severe COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.
•COVID-19 was found to be associated with autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs).•The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%).•The prevalence of anti-IFN-I autoantibodies was 10% in patients with severe COVID-19.•Anti-IFN-I autoantibodies were more common in male patients. In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables. A systemic review with the search terms: “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” and “autoantibodies” or “autoantibody” and “IFN” or “interferon” for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%). Severe COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.
In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables. A systemic review with the search terms: "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" and "autoantibodies" or "autoantibody" and "IFN" or "interferon" for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%). Severe COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.
In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables.OBJECTIVESIn this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity of infection and some other variables.A systemic review with the search terms: "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" and "autoantibodies" or "autoantibody" and "IFN" or "interferon" for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.METHODSA systemic review with the search terms: "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" and "autoantibodies" or "autoantibody" and "IFN" or "interferon" for the period 20 December 2019 to 15 August 2022 was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. R 4.2.1 software was used for meta-analysis of the published results. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.We identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%).RESULTSWe identified eight studies involving 7729 patients, of whom 5097 (66%) had severe COVID-19 and 2632 (34%) had mild or moderate symptoms. The positive rate of anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies in the total dataset was 5% (95% CI, 3-8%), but reached 10% (95% CI, 7-14%) in those with severe infection. The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω (77%). The overall prevalence in male patients was 5% (95% CI, 4-6%), and in female patients 2% (95% CI, 1-3%).Severe COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.CONCLUSIONSevere COVID-19 is associated with high rates of autoantibodies against type-I-IFN and more so in male than female patients.
Author Xu, Jing
Tang, Qi
Li, Hongmei
Bergquist, Robert
Qin, Zhiqiang
Jiang, Honglin
Wang, Xi
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Keywords COVID-19
Anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies
Meta-analysis
Language English
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Snippet •COVID-19 was found to be associated with autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs).•The most common subtypes were anti-IFN-α (89%) and anti-IFN-ω...
In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence on severity...
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to study the rate of autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) in patients with COVID-19 and analyze its dependence...
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SubjectTerms Anti-type-I-IFN-autoantibodies
Autoantibodies
COVID-19
Female
Humans
Interferon Type I
Interferon-alpha
Interferons
Male
Meta-analysis
SARS-CoV-2
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Title Autoantibodies against type I interferons in COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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