Level and trend of total plasma cholesterol in national and subnational of Iran: a systematic review and age-spatio-temporal analysis from 1990 to 2016

• Published in: Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 1301 - 1315
• Main Authors: Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Ahmadvand, Alireza, Peykari, Niloofar, Djalalinia, Shirin, Rezaei-Darzi, Ehsan, Mohebi, Farnam, Moradi, Yousef, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Jamshidi, Hamidreza, Farzadfar, Farshad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 30.05.2022; BioMed Central Ltd; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: Analysis; Cholesterol; Diabetes; Endocrinology; Hypercholesterolemia; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Research Article; Surveys; Iran; Longitudinal studies; Hypercholesterolemia; Prevalence; Iran; Cholesterol; Systematic review and meta-analysis
• ISSN: 2251-6581; 2251-6581
• DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01052-w

Purpose We aimed to estimate the level and trend of plasma cholesterol and raised total cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dl) prevalence at national and subnational level of Iran. Methods Nine national surveys and 27 studies, encompassing 3,505 unique points on over 500,000 adults, aged > 25 years with a report of laboratory measurement of TC were found. Age-spatio-temporal model and Gaussian Process Regression were used to estimate mean TC for each sex, 5-year age groups, and 31 provinces from 1990 to 2016. Results At national level, age-standardized prevalence of TC > 200 mg/dL has decreased from 57·2%(53·3–61·1) to 22·4%(20·5–24·3) in women and 53·2%(49·1–57·3) to 18·0%(16·4–19·6) in men. TC distribution presented a condensation between 170-200 mg/dL. At subnational level, decreasing and converging patterns of raised TC prevalence were detected. Conclusion The decrease in raised TC is likely the result of statin widespread use, food industry improvements, and the expanded primary health care.