Exercise is an effective treatment modality for reducing cancer-related fatigue and improving physical capacity in cancer patients and survivors: a meta-analysis
The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise intervent...
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| Published in | Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 892 - 903 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Ottawa
NRC Research Press
01.12.2011
Presses scientifiques du CNRC Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1715-5312 1715-5320 1715-5320 |
| DOI | 10.1139/h11-082 |
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| Abstract | The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF. |
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| AbstractList | The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF.The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF. The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF. Key words: cancer-related fatigue, physical exercise, cancer rehabilitation, meta-analysis. L'utilisation de l'activite physique pour la gestion de la fatigue associee au cancer (CRF) est un domaine d'etudes qui se developpe rapidement. Toutefois, les resultats sont inconsistants et, d'une etude a l'autre, difficiles a interpreter, ce qui rend les conclusions incertaines en ce qui concerne les effets reels des programmes d' exercice physique pour la gestion de la CRF. Cette etude se propose de faire une meta-analyse pour evaluer quantitativement les effets des programmes d'intervention par l'exercice physique sur la CRF et pour clarifier les lignes directrices en matiere de prescription d'exercices. On realise une recherche systematique dans les bases de donnees numeriques et les periodiques-articles pertinents. On retient les etudes si les sujets ont plus de 18 ans et presentent un cancer diagnostique ou traite, si l'exercice physique est utilise pour traiter la CRF en premier ou en deuxieme lieu, si les effets de l'intervention au moyen de l'exercice physique sont evalues quantitativement et si les analyses statistiques utilisees sont appropriees. Au total, 16 etudes comprenant 1426 participants (exercice physique, k = 759; controle, k = 667) sont analysees au moyen d'un modele a effets fixes. L'ampleur de l'effet donne par la difference moyenne standardisee (SMD) permet de verifier l'effet de l'exercice physique sur la CRF chez les groupes experimentaux comparativement aux groupes de controle. Les observations revelent une ampleur de l' effet faible mais significative en ce qui concerne l' utilisation de l' exercice physique pour diminuer la CRF (SMD 0,26; p < 0,001). De plus, les programmes d'exercice aerobie suscitent une diminution significative de la CRF (SMD 0,21; p < 0,001) et, globalement, les programmes d'exercice physique ameliorent significativement la capacite aerobie et la condition physique sur le plan musculosquelettique (p < 0,01). Il faut faire d'autres etudes pour definir les effets de l'exercice physique sur les mecanismes associes a la pathophysiologie de la CRF. Mots-cles: fatigue associee au cancer, exercice physique, readaptation et cancerologie. [Traduit par la Redaction] The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF. The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF.Original Abstract: L'utilisation de l'activite physique pour la gestion de la fatigue associee au cancer (CRF) est un domaine d'etudes qui se developpe rapidement. Toutefois, les resultats sont inconsistants et, d'une etude a l'autre, difficiles a interpreter, ce qui rend les conclusions incertaines en ce qui concerne les effets reels des programmes d'exercice physique pour la gestion de la CRF. Cette etude se propose de faire une meta-analyse pour evaluer quantitativement les effets des programmes d'intervention par l'exercice physique sur la CRF et pour clarifier les lignes directrices en matiere de prescription d'exercices. On realise une recherche systematique dans les bases de donnees numeriques et les periodiques-articles pertinents. On retient les etudes si les sujets ont plus de 18 ans et presentent un cancer diagnostique ou traite, si l'exercice physique est utilise pour traiter la CRF en premier ou en deuxieme lieu, si les effets de l'intervention au moyen de l'exercice physique sont evalues quantitativement et si les analyses statistiques utilisees sont appropriees. Au total, 16 etudes comprenant 1426 participants (exercice physique, k = 759; controle, k = 667) sont analysees au moyen d'un modele a effets fixes. L'ampleur de l'effet donne par la difference moyenne standardisee (SMD) permet de verifier l'effet de l'exercice physique sur la CRF chez les groupes experimentaux comparativement aux groupes de controle. Les observations revelent une ampleur de l'effet faible mais significative en ce qui concerne l'utilisation de l'exercice physique pour diminuer la CRF (SMD 0,26; p < 0,001). De plus, les programmes d'exercice aerobie suscitent une diminution significative de la CRF (SMD 0,21; p < 0,001) et, globalement, les programmes d'exercice physique ameliorent significativement la capacite aerobie et la condition physique sur le plan musculosquelettique (p < 0,01). Il faut faire d'autres etudes pour definir les effets de l'exercice physique sur les mecanismes associes a la pathophysiologie de la CRF. The use of exercise interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a rapidly developing field of study. However, results are inconsistent and difficult to interpret across the literature, making it difficult to draw accurate conclusions regarding the true effectiveness of exercise interventions for CRF management. The aims of this study were to apply a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the effects of exercise intervention strategies on CRF, and to elucidate appropriate exercise prescription guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases and relevant journals and articles was conducted. Studies were eligible if subjects were over the age of 18 years, if they had been given a diagnosis of or had been treated for cancer, if exercise was used to treat CRF as a primary or secondary endpoint, and if the effects of the intervention were evaluated quantitatively and presented adequate statistical data for analysis. A total of 16 studies, representing 1426 participants (exercise, 759; control, 667) were included in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. The standardized mean difference effect size (SMD) was used to test the effect of exercise on CRF between experimental and control groups. The results indicate a small but significant effect size in favour of the use of exercise interventions for reducing CRF (SMD 0.26, p < 0.001). Furthermore, aerobic exercise programs caused a significant reduction in CRF (SMD 0.21, p < 0.001) and overall, exercise was able to significantly improve aerobic and musculoskeletal fitness compared with control groups (p < 0.01). Further investigation is still required to determine the effects of exercise on potential underlying mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of CRF. |
| Abstract_FL | L’utilisation de l’activité physique pour la gestion de la fatigue associée au cancer (CRF) est un domaine d’études qui se développe rapidement. Toutefois, les résultats sont inconsistants et, d’une étude à l’autre, difficiles à interpréter, ce qui rend les conclusions incertaines en ce qui concerne les effets réels des programmes d’exercice physique pour la gestion de la CRF. Cette étude se propose de faire une méta-analyse pour évaluer quantitativement les effets des programmes d’intervention par l’exercice physique sur la CRF et pour clarifier les lignes directrices en matière de prescription d’exercices. On réalise une recherche systématique dans les bases de données numériques et les périodiques–articles pertinents. On retient les études si les sujets ont plus de 18 ans et présentent un cancer diagnostiqué ou traité, si l’exercice physique est utilisé pour traiter la CRF en premier ou en deuxième lieu, si les effets de l’intervention au moyen de l’exercice physique sont évalués quantitativement et si les analyses statistiques utilisées sont appropriées. Au total, 16 études comprenant 1426 participants (exercice physique, k = 759; contrôle, k = 667) sont analysées au moyen d’un modèle à effets fixes. L’ampleur de l’effet donné par la différence moyenne standardisée (SMD) permet de vérifier l’effet de l’exercice physique sur la CRF chez les groupes expérimentaux comparativement aux groupes de contrôle. Les observations révèlent une ampleur de l’effet faible mais significative en ce qui concerne l’utilisation de l’exercice physique pour diminuer la CRF (SMD 0,26; p < 0,001). De plus, les programmes d’exercice aérobie suscitent une diminution significative de la CRF (SMD 0,21; p < 0,001) et, globalement, les programmes d’exercice physique améliorent significativement la capacité aérobie et la condition physique sur le plan musculosquelettique (p < 0,01). Il faut faire d’autres études pour définir les effets de l’exercice physique sur les mécanismes associés à la pathophysiologie de la CRF. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Newhouse, Ian J. McMillan, Elliott M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Elliott M. surname: McMillan fullname: McMillan, Elliott M. organization: School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada., Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Ian J. surname: Newhouse fullname: Newhouse, Ian J. organization: School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada |
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| Keywords | Physical exercise Human Treatment Rehabilitation(human) Fatigue Malignant tumor Cancer |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aerobic exercises Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Cancer Cancer patients cancer rehabilitation Cancer survivors cancer-related fatigue Care and treatment data analysis exercice physique Exercise Exercise therapy Fatigue Fatigue - etiology Fatigue - prevention & control fatigue associée au cancer Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology guidelines Health aspects Humans Intervention Isometric exercise Male Meta-analysis metabolism Middle Aged Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology Musculoskeletal System - physiopathology neoplasms Neoplasms - physiopathology Neoplasms - therapy nutrition pathophysiology patients physical exercise Physical Fitness Practice Guidelines as Topic réadaptation et cancérologie Survivors Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports Young Adult |
| Title | Exercise is an effective treatment modality for reducing cancer-related fatigue and improving physical capacity in cancer patients and survivors: a meta-analysis |
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