Studies on solvent precipitation of levan synthesized using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441
Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum...
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| Published in | Heliyon Vol. 5; no. 9; p. e02414 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.09.2019
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2405-8440 2405-8440 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02414 |
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| Abstract | Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration – 100 g/L, pH – 7, YE concentration – 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM – 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3–12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. |
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| AbstractList | Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration – 100 g/L, pH – 7, YE concentration – 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM – 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3–12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration - 100 g/L, pH - 7, YE concentration - 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM - 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3-12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells.Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration - 100 g/L, pH - 7, YE concentration - 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM - 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3-12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration - 100 g/L, pH - 7, YE concentration - 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM - 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3-12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, H-NMR, C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration – 100 g/L, pH – 7, YE concentration – 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM – 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3–12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration – 100 g/L, pH – 7, YE concentration – 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM – 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3–12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells. |
| ArticleNumber | e02414 |
| Author | Shanmugam, Saravanan Ramiah Veerapandian, Bhuvaneshwari Sarwareddy, Kartik Kumar Venkatachalam, Ponnusami Mani, Krishna Priya Chidambaram, Jothi Sailaja C.A. |
| AuthorAffiliation | b Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India a Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: b Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – name: a Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jothi Sailaja C.A. surname: Chidambaram fullname: Chidambaram, Jothi Sailaja C.A. organization: Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Bhuvaneshwari surname: Veerapandian fullname: Veerapandian, Bhuvaneshwari organization: Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Kartik Kumar surname: Sarwareddy fullname: Sarwareddy, Kartik Kumar organization: Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Krishna Priya surname: Mani fullname: Mani, Krishna Priya organization: Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – sequence: 5 givenname: Saravanan Ramiah surname: Shanmugam fullname: Shanmugam, Saravanan Ramiah organization: Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India – sequence: 6 givenname: Ponnusami surname: Venkatachalam fullname: Venkatachalam, Ponnusami email: vponnu@chem.sastra.edu organization: Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India |
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| Keywords | Levan production Biotechnology Cytotoxicity Solvent precipitation EA.hy926 Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 |
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| Snippet | Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus... Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by MTCC 441... Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus... |
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| SubjectTerms | acetone agitation aquaculture Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 biopolymers Biotechnology carbon cell lines Cytotoxicity EA.hy926 ethanol inoculum isopropyl alcohol levan Levan production methanol nitrogen nitrogen content Solvent precipitation solvents sucrose toxicity testing water solubility yeast extract |
| Title | Studies on solvent precipitation of levan synthesized using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 |
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