Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses identify genetic mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric traits

The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants 1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression 2 – 4 . We provide comprehensive analyses us...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inNature genetics Vol. 51; no. 6; pp. 933 - 940
Main Authors Gamazon, Eric R., Zwinderman, Aeilko H., Cox, Nancy J., Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.06.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1061-4036
1546-1718
1546-1718
DOI10.1038/s41588-019-0409-8

Cover

Abstract The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants 1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression 2 – 4 . We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia ( n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder ( n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression ( n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues. Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses using PrediXcan identify numerous trait-associated genes for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and broad depression, and highlight potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues.
AbstractList The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants 1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression 2 – 4 . We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia ( n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder ( n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression ( n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues. Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses using PrediXcan identify numerous trait-associated genes for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and broad depression, and highlight potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression2–4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n-associations = 499; n-unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n-associations = 17; n-unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n-associations = 19; n-unique genes = 12), and broad depression (n-associations = 41; n-unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization/HEIDI analyses propose potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint-tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues. Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses using PrediXcan identify numerous trait-associated genes for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and broad depression, and highlight potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression2-4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues.The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression2-4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants.sup.1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression.sup.2-4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression . We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants.sup.1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression.sup.2-4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues. Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses using PrediXcan identify numerous trait-associated genes for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and broad depression, and highlight potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues.
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants1 located primarily in non-coding regions, suggesting that the underlying causal effects may influence disease risk by modulating gene expression2-4. We provide comprehensive analyses using transcriptome data from an unprecedented collection of tissues to gain pathophysiological insights into the role of the brain, neuroendocrine factors (adrenal gland) and gastrointestinal systems (colon) in psychiatric disorders. In each tissue, we perform PrediXcan analysis and identify trait-associated genes for schizophrenia (n associations = 499; n unique genes = 275), bipolar disorder (n associations = 17; n unique genes = 13), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n associations = 19; n unique genes = 12) and broad depression (n associations = 41; n unique genes = 31). Importantly, both PrediXcan and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization/heterogeneity in dependent instruments analyses suggest potentially causal genes in non-brain tissues, showing the utility of these tissues for mapping psychiatric disease genetic predisposition. Our analyses further highlight the importance of joint tissue approaches as 76% of the genes were detected only in difficult-to-acquire tissues.
Audience Academic
Author Zwinderman, Aeilko H.
Cox, Nancy J.
Denys, Damiaan
Derks, Eske M.
Gamazon, Eric R.
AuthorAffiliation 5 Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
4 Data Science Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
2 Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
3 Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
6 QIMR Berghofer, Translational Neurogenomics group, Brisbane, Australia
1 Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 6 QIMR Berghofer, Translational Neurogenomics group, Brisbane, Australia
– name: 5 Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
– name: 4 Data Science Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
– name: 3 Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
– name: 2 Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
– name: 1 Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Eric R.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4204-8734
  surname: Gamazon
  fullname: Gamazon, Eric R.
  email: egamazon@uchicago.edu
  organization: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Data Science Institute, Vanderbilt University, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Aeilko H.
  surname: Zwinderman
  fullname: Zwinderman, Aeilko H.
  organization: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Nancy J.
  surname: Cox
  fullname: Cox, Nancy J.
  organization: Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Damiaan
  surname: Denys
  fullname: Denys, Damiaan
  organization: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Eske M.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6292-6883
  surname: Derks
  fullname: Derks, Eske M.
  email: eske.derks@qimrberghofer.edu.au
  organization: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, QIMR Berghofer, Translational Neurogenomics Group
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31086352$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNkktv1DAUhSNURB_wA9igSGzKIsWO49cGqaqgVCqqxGtreZybjKvEHmwHkX-P0yktUwFCXtiyv3Pu1fU5LPacd1AUzzE6wYiI17HBVIgKYVmhBslKPCoOMG1YhTkWe_mMGK4aRNh-cRjjNUK4aZB4UuwTjAQjtD4oVh-mIdkq2RgnKFPQLppgN8mPUGqnhzlCLG0LLtluLntwkKwpRzBr7WwcYzm5FsIwW9eXDqbgN3E2a6tTyFi2syk-LR53eojw7HY_Kr68e_v57H11eXV-cXZ6WRnK6lTxDhPDSZvb5VR3rOYUqGhlp5GWpBNUI8mZkKsWiCBa1kR2khi24kgLwYAcFW-2vptpNUJrcs9BD2oT7KjDrLy2avfF2bXq_XfFqEQckWxwfGsQ_LcJYlKjjQaGQTvwU1R1TWpUE4plRl8-QK_9FPK8biiGCa55c0_1egBlXedzXbOYqlMqOBGIUZGpkz9QebUwWpN_vLP5fkfwakeQmQQ_Uq-nGNXFp4__z1593WVf_D7Au8n9SksG8BYwwccYoLtDMFJLItU2kSonUi2JVIspf6AxNulk_fIHdvinst4qY67iegj3M_676CcYZ_PE
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2021_06_022
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tig_2021_07_005
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41588_020_0625_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2020_12_013
crossref_primary_10_1002_ajmg_b_32829
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_46132_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_drugalcdep_2019_107703
crossref_primary_10_1093_bioinformatics_btab045
crossref_primary_10_1080_10618600_2024_2362220
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_020_01127_3
crossref_primary_10_1162_nol_a_00079
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22126454
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_020_0817_7
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_22369_9
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_019_12450_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2020_12_023
crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_022_03031_6
crossref_primary_10_1126_sciadv_abj8969
crossref_primary_10_18699_VJGB_23_77
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41593_021_00886_6
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41540_021_00186_6
crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awaa209
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00426_022_01649_z
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12864_024_10317_y
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22147240
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_021_01493_6
crossref_primary_10_1289_EHP9098
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tig_2020_08_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2020_05_002
crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_7778
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41386_020_00949_5
crossref_primary_10_1042_NS20200004
crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_023_05687_0
crossref_primary_10_15252_msb_202211407
crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_74970
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2020_09_010
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0033291725000467
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41582_020_0364_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2021_108868
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41380_022_01529_3
crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_70779
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_021_01677_0
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12916_022_02363_8
crossref_primary_10_1002_gepi_22425
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41380_019_0592_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajhg_2024_06_002
crossref_primary_10_1093_bib_bbaa298
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41588_022_01174_0
crossref_primary_10_1590_1516_4446_2019_0732
crossref_primary_10_1093_bioinformatics_btab115
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_62575_x
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_022_01854_9
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41380_023_02282_x
crossref_primary_10_1002_gepi_22380
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12711_023_00834_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpsgos_2022_03_010
crossref_primary_10_1002_wps_20702
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines9091173
Cites_doi 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000888
10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.06.003
10.1038/s41588-019-0385-z
10.1038/nature13595
10.1038/ng.943
10.1038/s41588-018-0090-3
10.1126/science.aaa8954
10.1038/ng.3367
10.2174/157339510791823835
10.1038/mp.2015.57
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006786
10.1016/j.jaac.2010.06.008
10.1038/s41467-018-03819-3
10.1038/ng.3190
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779
10.1126/science.1262110
10.1038/ng.940
10.1053/j.gastro.2011.04.052
10.1038/nature10405
10.1038/nature16549
10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7
10.3389/fnint.2013.00053
10.1038/mp.2012.21
10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.013
10.1073/pnas.1530509100
10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.046
10.1038/s41588-018-0059-2
10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.09.009
10.1038/ng.3211
10.1038/ng.2756
10.1038/s41467-018-04558-1
10.1186/1741-7015-11-132
10.1038/nature24277
10.1038/nbt.2749
10.1038/ejhg.2016.106
10.1038/ng.3538
10.1038/nn.3708
10.1016/j.tins.2013.01.005
10.1038/s41588-018-0154-4
10.1038/s41588-019-0364-4
10.1038/s41588-018-0092-1
10.1038/nature10110
10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x
10.1016/j.schres.2014.09.004
10.1214/009053604000000823
10.1089/omi.2011.0118
10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.002
10.1101/045260
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 2019
COPYRIGHT 2019 Nature Publishing Group
Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jun 2019
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 2019
– notice: COPYRIGHT 2019 Nature Publishing Group
– notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jun 2019
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
IOV
ISR
3V.
7QL
7QP
7QR
7SS
7T7
7TK
7TM
7U9
7X7
7XB
88A
88E
8AO
8C1
8FD
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
8G5
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
C1K
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
GUQSH
H94
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M2O
M7N
M7P
MBDVC
P64
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
RC3
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1038/s41588-019-0409-8
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints
Gale In Context: Science
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
Chemoreception Abstracts
Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
Neurosciences Abstracts
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Proquest Public Health Database
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Journals
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
Research Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
Research Library Prep
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database
ProQuest Research Library (NC LIVE)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Biological Science Database
Research Library (Corporate)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
Genetics Abstracts
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Research Library Prep
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Central Essentials
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Central China
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
Health Research Premium Collection
Natural Science Collection
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
Chemoreception Abstracts
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
Neurosciences Abstracts
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Entomology Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Technology Research Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Genetics Abstracts
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Public Health
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList

MEDLINE - Academic


MEDLINE


Research Library Prep
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Agriculture
Biology
EISSN 1546-1718
EndPage 940
ExternalDocumentID PMC6590703
A587380658
31086352
10_1038_s41588_019_0409_8
Genre Letter
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
GeographicLocations United Kingdom--UK
GeographicLocations_xml – name: United Kingdom--UK
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101822
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101810
– fundername: NIDA NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 DA006227
– fundername: CCR NIH HHS
  grantid: HHSN261200800001C
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101819
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH090936
– fundername: NIDA NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 DA033684
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101820
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101814
– fundername: NIMH NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 MH101782
GroupedDBID ---
-DZ
-~X
.55
.GJ
0R~
123
29M
2FS
36B
39C
3O-
3V.
4.4
53G
5BI
5M7
5RE
5S5
70F
7X7
85S
88A
88E
8AO
8C1
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8G5
8R4
8R5
AAEEF
AAHBH
AARCD
AAYOK
AAYZH
AAZLF
ABAWZ
ABCQX
ABDBF
ABDPE
ABEFU
ABJNI
ABLJU
ABOCM
ABTAH
ABUWG
ACBWK
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIWK
ACMJI
ACNCT
ACPRK
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADFRT
AENEX
AEUYN
AFBBN
AFFNX
AFKRA
AFRAH
AFSHS
AGAYW
AGCDD
AGHTU
AHBCP
AHMBA
AHOSX
AHSBF
AIBTJ
ALFFA
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMTXH
ARMCB
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXYYD
AZFZN
AZQEC
B0M
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
BKKNO
BPHCQ
BVXVI
CCPQU
CS3
DB5
DU5
DWQXO
EAD
EAP
EBC
EBD
EBS
EE.
EJD
EMB
EMK
EMOBN
EPL
ESX
EXGXG
F5P
FEDTE
FQGFK
FSGXE
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GUQSH
GX1
HCIFZ
HMCUK
HVGLF
HZ~
IAO
IH2
IHR
INH
INR
IOV
ISR
ITC
L7B
LGEZI
LK8
LOTEE
M0L
M1P
M2O
M7P
MVM
N9A
NADUK
NNMJJ
NXXTH
ODYON
P2P
PKN
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
Q2X
RIG
RNS
RNT
RNTTT
RVV
SHXYY
SIXXV
SJN
SNYQT
SOJ
SV3
TAOOD
TBHMF
TDRGL
TN5
TSG
TUS
UKHRP
VQA
X7M
XJT
XOL
Y6R
YHZ
ZGI
ZXP
ZY4
~8M
~KM
AAYXX
ABFSG
ACSTC
AETEA
AEZWR
AFANA
AFHIU
AHWEU
AIXLP
ALPWD
ATHPR
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
PUEGO
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NFIDA
NPM
AGSTI
7QL
7QP
7QR
7SS
7T7
7TK
7TM
7U9
7XB
8FD
8FK
C1K
FR3
H94
K9.
M7N
MBDVC
P64
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
RC3
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c562t-7f13c73d03675af6275e58d9fa0a93f85a097689bde383a9239f93c6b70a886e3
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISSN 1061-4036
1546-1718
IngestDate Tue Sep 30 16:47:23 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 02 13:29:38 EDT 2025
Fri Oct 03 11:10:18 EDT 2025
Mon Oct 20 22:05:09 EDT 2025
Mon Oct 20 16:08:45 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 16 15:20:35 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 16 15:21:38 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 06:02:48 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:11:27 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 02:33:16 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:39:08 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Language English
License Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c562t-7f13c73d03675af6275e58d9fa0a93f85a097689bde383a9239f93c6b70a886e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Article-2
ObjectType-Correspondence-1
content type line 23
A.H.Z.: Interpretation of data; approval of the version of the manuscript to be published
E.M.D.: Conception and design of study; analysis and interpretation of the data; drafting the manuscript; approval of the version of the manuscript to be published
N.J.C.: Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content; approval of the version of the manuscript to be published
D.D.: Revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content; approval of the version of the manuscript to be published
E.R.G.: Conception and design of study; analysis and interpretation of the data; drafting the manuscript; approval of the version of the manuscript to be published
Author contributions
ORCID 0000-0003-4204-8734
0000-0002-6292-6883
OpenAccessLink https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6590703
PMID 31086352
PQID 2236131274
PQPubID 33429
PageCount 8
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6590703
proquest_miscellaneous_2232023519
proquest_journals_2236131274
gale_infotracmisc_A587380658
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A587380658
gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A587380658
gale_incontextgauss_IOV_A587380658
pubmed_primary_31086352
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41588_019_0409_8
crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_s41588_019_0409_8
springer_journals_10_1038_s41588_019_0409_8
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2019-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2019-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2019
  text: 2019-06-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace New York
PublicationPlace_xml – name: New York
– name: United States
PublicationTitle Nature genetics
PublicationTitleAbbrev Nat Genet
PublicationTitleAlternate Nat Genet
PublicationYear 2019
Publisher Nature Publishing Group US
Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group US
– name: Nature Publishing Group
References Bulik-Sullivan (CR45) 2015; 47
(CR3) 2014; 511
Bercik (CR8) 2011; 141
Zhang (CR32) 2019; 15
Gamazon (CR18) 2015; 47
Zhu (CR47) 2016; 48
Gratten, Wray, Keller, Visscher (CR1) 2014; 17
Hauberg (CR29) 2017; 101
Gamazon, Cox, Davis (CR41) 2014; 95
Geschwind, Flint (CR5) 2015; 349
CR4
Howard (CR16) 2018; 9
Kato, Hayakawa, Monji, Kanba (CR9) 2013; 7
Demontis (CR17) 2019; 51
Jansen (CR7) 2016; 21
(CR39) 2011; 478
CR42
Ozomaro, Wahlestedt, Nemeroff (CR6) 2013; 11
Westra (CR34) 2013; 45
Denny (CR23) 2013; 31
(CR26) 2015; 348
Wray (CR15) 2018; 50
Jones, Mowry, Pender, Greer (CR37) 2005; 83
Yu, Wang, Han, He (CR49) 2012; 16
(CR11) 2011; 43
Pardinas (CR13) 2018; 50
Storey, Tibshirani (CR25) 2003; 100
Stringer, Kahn, de Witte, Ophoff, Derks (CR38) 2014; 159
(CR30) 2011; 43
Gamazon (CR35) 2018; 50
Sudlow (CR22) 2015; 12
Huckins (CR19) 2017; 51
Qi (CR28) 2018; 9
Voineagu (CR33) 2011; 474
(CR46) 2017; 550
Nicolae (CR2) 2010; 6
Neale (CR10) 2010; 49
Foster, McVey Neufeld (CR20) 2013; 36
Shimodaira (CR48) 2004; 32
(CR12) 2013; 18
CR24
Wainberg (CR27) 2019; 51
(CR14) 2018; 173
Shi, Kichaev, Pasaniuc (CR40) 2016; 99
Leonard (CR21) 2010; 6
Sekar (CR31) 2016; 530
Gusev (CR36) 2018; 50
Loh (CR43) 2015; 47
Chen (CR44) 2016; 25
GB Chen (409_CR44) 2016; 25
NR Wray (409_CR15) 2018; 50
S Stringer (409_CR38) 2014; 159
U Ozomaro (409_CR6) 2013; 11
BE Leonard (409_CR21) 2010; 6
D Demontis (409_CR17) 2019; 51
I Voineagu (409_CR33) 2011; 474
H Shimodaira (409_CR48) 2004; 32
LM Huckins (409_CR19) 2017; 51
Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. (409_CR14) 2018; 173
J Gratten (409_CR1) 2014; 17
The GTEx Consortium. (409_CR26) 2015; 348
ER Gamazon (409_CR35) 2018; 50
ER Gamazon (409_CR41) 2014; 95
JA Foster (409_CR20) 2013; 36
T Qi (409_CR28) 2018; 9
M Wainberg (409_CR27) 2019; 51
International Consortium for Blood Pressure Genome-Wide Association Studies. (409_CR39) 2011; 478
BM Neale (409_CR10) 2010; 49
C Sudlow (409_CR22) 2015; 12
409_CR24
DL Nicolae (409_CR2) 2010; 6
JC Denny (409_CR23) 2013; 31
AL Jones (409_CR37) 2005; 83
ER Gamazon (409_CR18) 2015; 47
JD Storey (409_CR25) 2003; 100
HJ Westra (409_CR34) 2013; 45
P Bercik (409_CR8) 2011; 141
AF Pardinas (409_CR13) 2018; 50
J Zhang (409_CR32) 2019; 15
A Sekar (409_CR31) 2016; 530
Z Zhu (409_CR47) 2016; 48
The GTEx Consortium. (409_CR46) 2017; 550
DM Howard (409_CR16) 2018; 9
H Shi (409_CR40) 2016; 99
409_CR4
A Gusev (409_CR36) 2018; 50
R Jansen (409_CR7) 2016; 21
Schizophrenia Psychiatric Genome-Wide Association Study Consortium. (409_CR30) 2011; 43
Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. (409_CR12) 2013; 18
BK Bulik-Sullivan (409_CR45) 2015; 47
TA Kato (409_CR9) 2013; 7
409_CR42
ME Hauberg (409_CR29) 2017; 101
G Yu (409_CR49) 2012; 16
PR Loh (409_CR43) 2015; 47
Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. (409_CR3) 2014; 511
DH Geschwind (409_CR5) 2015; 349
Psychiatric GWAS Consortium Bipolar Disorder Working Group. (409_CR11) 2011; 43
References_xml – volume: 6
  start-page: e1000888
  year: 2010
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Trait-associated SNPs are more likely to be eQTLs: annotation to enhance discovery from GWAS
  publication-title: PLoS Genet.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000888
– ident: CR4
– volume: 101
  start-page: 157
  year: 2017
  ident: CR29
  article-title: Large-scale identification of common trait and disease variants affecting gene expression
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.06.003
– volume: 51
  start-page: 592
  year: 2019
  end-page: 599
  ident: CR27
  article-title: Opportunities and challenges for transcriptome-wide association studies
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0385-z
– volume: 511
  start-page: 421
  year: 2014
  end-page: 427
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature13595
– volume: 43
  start-page: 977
  year: 2011
  end-page: 983
  ident: CR11
  article-title: Large-scale genome-wide association analysis of bipolar disorder identifies a new susceptibility locus near ODZ4
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.943
– volume: 50
  start-page: 668
  year: 2018
  end-page: 681
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0090-3
– volume: 349
  start-page: 1489
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1494
  ident: CR5
  article-title: Genetics and genomics of psychiatric disease
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8954
– volume: 47
  start-page: 1091
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1098
  ident: CR18
  article-title: A gene-based association method for mapping traits using reference transcriptome data
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3367
– volume: 6
  start-page: 205
  year: 2010
  end-page: 212
  ident: CR21
  article-title: The concept of depression as a dysfunction of the immune system
  publication-title: Curr. Immunol. Rev.
  doi: 10.2174/157339510791823835
– volume: 21
  start-page: 339
  year: 2016
  end-page: 347
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Gene expression in major depressive disorder
  publication-title: Mol. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.57
– volume: 15
  start-page: e1006786
  year: 2019
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Spatial clustering and common regulatory elements correlate with coordinated gene expression
  publication-title: PLoS Comput. Biol.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006786
– volume: 49
  start-page: 884
  year: 2010
  end-page: 897
  ident: CR10
  article-title: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
  publication-title: J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.06.008
– ident: CR42
– volume: 9
  year: 2018
  ident: CR16
  article-title: Genome-wide association study of depression phenotypes in UK Biobank identifies variants in excitatory synaptic pathways
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03819-3
– volume: 47
  start-page: 284
  year: 2015
  end-page: 290
  ident: CR43
  article-title: Efficient Bayesian mixed-model analysis increases association power in large cohorts
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3190
– volume: 12
  start-page: e1001779
  year: 2015
  ident: CR22
  article-title: UK Biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age
  publication-title: PLoS Med.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779
– volume: 348
  start-page: 648
  year: 2015
  end-page: 660
  ident: CR26
  article-title: The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) pilot analysis: multitissue gene regulation in humans
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1262110
– volume: 43
  start-page: 969
  year: 2011
  end-page: 976
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Genome-wide association study identifies five new schizophrenia loci
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.940
– volume: 141
  start-page: 599
  year: 2011
  end-page: 609.e3
  ident: CR8
  article-title: The intestinal microbiota affect central levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor and behavior in mice
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.04.052
– volume: 478
  start-page: 103
  year: 2011
  end-page: 109
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature10405
– volume: 530
  start-page: 177
  year: 2016
  end-page: 183
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature16549
– volume: 51
  start-page: 63
  year: 2019
  end-page: 75
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Discovery of the first genome-wide significant risk loci for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7
– volume: 7
  start-page: 53
  year: 2013
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Missing and possible link between neuroendocrine factors, neuropsychiatric disorders, and microglia
  publication-title: Front. Integr. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.3389/fnint.2013.00053
– volume: 18
  start-page: 497
  year: 2013
  end-page: 511
  ident: CR12
  article-title: A mega-analysis of genome-wide association studies for major depressive disorder
  publication-title: Mol. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1038/mp.2012.21
– volume: 99
  start-page: 139
  year: 2016
  end-page: 153
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Contrasting the genetic architecture of 30 complex traits from summary association data
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.013
– volume: 100
  start-page: 9440
  year: 2003
  end-page: 9445
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Statistical significance for genomewide studies
  publication-title: Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1530509100
– volume: 173
  start-page: 1705
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1715.e16
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Genomic dissection of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, including 28 subphenotypes
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.046
– volume: 50
  start-page: 381
  year: 2018
  end-page: 389
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Common schizophrenia alleles are enriched in mutation-intolerant genes and in regions under strong background selection
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0059-2
– volume: 95
  start-page: 477
  year: 2014
  end-page: 489
  ident: CR41
  article-title: Structural architecture of SNP effects on complex traits
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.09.009
– volume: 47
  start-page: 291
  year: 2015
  end-page: 295
  ident: CR45
  article-title: LD Score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3211
– volume: 45
  start-page: 1238
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1243
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Systematic identification of trans eQTLs as putative drivers of known disease associations
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.2756
– volume: 9
  year: 2018
  ident: CR28
  article-title: Identifying gene targets for brain-related traits using transcriptomic and methylomic data from blood
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04558-1
– volume: 11
  year: 2013
  ident: CR6
  article-title: Personalized medicine in psychiatry: problems and promises
  publication-title: BMC Med.
  doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-132
– volume: 550
  start-page: 204
  year: 2017
  end-page: 213
  ident: CR46
  article-title: Genetic effects on gene expression across human tissues
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature24277
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1102
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1110
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Systematic comparison of phenome-wide association study of electronic medical record data and genome-wide association study data
  publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.1038/nbt.2749
– volume: 25
  start-page: 137
  year: 2016
  end-page: 146
  ident: CR44
  article-title: Across-cohort QC analyses of GWAS summary statistics from complex traits
  publication-title: Eur. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.106
– volume: 48
  start-page: 481
  year: 2016
  end-page: 487
  ident: CR47
  article-title: Integration of summary data from GWAS and eQTL studies predicts complex trait gene targets
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3538
– volume: 17
  start-page: 782
  year: 2014
  end-page: 790
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Large-scale genomics unveils the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3708
– volume: 36
  start-page: 305
  year: 2013
  end-page: 312
  ident: CR20
  article-title: Gut-brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression
  publication-title: Trends Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.01.005
– volume: 50
  start-page: 956
  year: 2018
  end-page: 967
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Using an atlas of gene regulation across 44 human tissues to inform complex disease- and trait-associated variation
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0154-4
– volume: 51
  start-page: 659
  year: 2017
  end-page: 674
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Gene expression imputation across multiple brain regions provides insights into schizophrenia risk
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0364-4
– volume: 50
  start-page: 538
  year: 2018
  end-page: 548
  ident: CR36
  article-title: Transcriptome-wide association study of schizophrenia and chromatin activity yields mechanistic disease insights
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0092-1
– volume: 474
  start-page: 380
  year: 2011
  end-page: 384
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Transcriptomic analysis of autistic brain reveals convergent molecular pathology
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature10110
– volume: 83
  start-page: 9
  year: 2005
  end-page: 17
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Immune dysregulation and self-reactivity in schizophrenia: do some cases of schizophrenia have an autoimmune basis?
  publication-title: Immunol. Cell Biol.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x
– volume: 159
  start-page: 347
  year: 2014
  end-page: 352
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Genetic liability for schizophrenia predicts risk of immune disorders
  publication-title: Schizophr. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.09.004
– volume: 32
  start-page: 2616
  year: 2004
  end-page: 2641
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Approximately unbiased tests of regions using multistep-multiscale bootstrap resampling
  publication-title: Ann. Stat.
  doi: 10.1214/009053604000000823
– volume: 16
  start-page: 284
  year: 2012
  end-page: 287
  ident: CR49
  article-title: clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters
  publication-title: OMICS
  doi: 10.1089/omi.2011.0118
– ident: CR24
– volume: 141
  start-page: 599
  year: 2011
  ident: 409_CR8
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.04.052
– volume: 15
  start-page: e1006786
  year: 2019
  ident: 409_CR32
  publication-title: PLoS Comput. Biol.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006786
– volume: 6
  start-page: e1000888
  year: 2010
  ident: 409_CR2
  publication-title: PLoS Genet.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000888
– volume: 6
  start-page: 205
  year: 2010
  ident: 409_CR21
  publication-title: Curr. Immunol. Rev.
  doi: 10.2174/157339510791823835
– volume: 12
  start-page: e1001779
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR22
  publication-title: PLoS Med.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779
– volume: 47
  start-page: 1091
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR18
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3367
– volume: 511
  start-page: 421
  year: 2014
  ident: 409_CR3
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature13595
– ident: 409_CR24
  doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.002
– volume: 100
  start-page: 9440
  year: 2003
  ident: 409_CR25
  publication-title: Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1530509100
– volume: 9
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR28
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04558-1
– volume: 101
  start-page: 157
  year: 2017
  ident: 409_CR29
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.06.003
– volume: 478
  start-page: 103
  year: 2011
  ident: 409_CR39
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature10405
– volume: 83
  start-page: 9
  year: 2005
  ident: 409_CR37
  publication-title: Immunol. Cell Biol.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x
– volume: 32
  start-page: 2616
  year: 2004
  ident: 409_CR48
  publication-title: Ann. Stat.
  doi: 10.1214/009053604000000823
– volume: 25
  start-page: 137
  year: 2016
  ident: 409_CR44
  publication-title: Eur. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.106
– volume: 17
  start-page: 782
  year: 2014
  ident: 409_CR1
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3708
– volume: 47
  start-page: 284
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR43
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3190
– volume: 51
  start-page: 659
  year: 2017
  ident: 409_CR19
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0364-4
– volume: 16
  start-page: 284
  year: 2012
  ident: 409_CR49
  publication-title: OMICS
  doi: 10.1089/omi.2011.0118
– volume: 7
  start-page: 53
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR9
  publication-title: Front. Integr. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.3389/fnint.2013.00053
– volume: 51
  start-page: 592
  year: 2019
  ident: 409_CR27
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0385-z
– volume: 50
  start-page: 538
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR36
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0092-1
– volume: 530
  start-page: 177
  year: 2016
  ident: 409_CR31
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature16549
– volume: 51
  start-page: 63
  year: 2019
  ident: 409_CR17
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7
– volume: 348
  start-page: 648
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR26
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1262110
– volume: 99
  start-page: 139
  year: 2016
  ident: 409_CR40
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.013
– volume: 49
  start-page: 884
  year: 2010
  ident: 409_CR10
  publication-title: J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.06.008
– volume: 43
  start-page: 977
  year: 2011
  ident: 409_CR11
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.943
– volume: 550
  start-page: 204
  year: 2017
  ident: 409_CR46
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature24277
– volume: 50
  start-page: 668
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR15
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0090-3
– volume: 50
  start-page: 956
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR35
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0154-4
– volume: 349
  start-page: 1489
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR5
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8954
– volume: 50
  start-page: 381
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR13
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0059-2
– ident: 409_CR4
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1102
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR23
  publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.1038/nbt.2749
– volume: 474
  start-page: 380
  year: 2011
  ident: 409_CR33
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature10110
– volume: 159
  start-page: 347
  year: 2014
  ident: 409_CR38
  publication-title: Schizophr. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.09.004
– volume: 43
  start-page: 969
  year: 2011
  ident: 409_CR30
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.940
– volume: 47
  start-page: 291
  year: 2015
  ident: 409_CR45
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3211
– volume: 48
  start-page: 481
  year: 2016
  ident: 409_CR47
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3538
– volume: 9
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR16
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03819-3
– volume: 11
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR6
  publication-title: BMC Med.
  doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-132
– volume: 45
  start-page: 1238
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR34
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/ng.2756
– volume: 21
  start-page: 339
  year: 2016
  ident: 409_CR7
  publication-title: Mol. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.57
– ident: 409_CR42
  doi: 10.1101/045260
– volume: 18
  start-page: 497
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR12
  publication-title: Mol. Psychiatry
  doi: 10.1038/mp.2012.21
– volume: 36
  start-page: 305
  year: 2013
  ident: 409_CR20
  publication-title: Trends Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.01.005
– volume: 173
  start-page: 1705
  year: 2018
  ident: 409_CR14
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.046
– volume: 95
  start-page: 477
  year: 2014
  ident: 409_CR41
  publication-title: Am. J. Hum. Genet.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.09.009
SSID ssj0014408
Score 2.5465367
Snippet The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants 1 located primarily in non-coding regions,...
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants located primarily in non-coding regions,...
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants.sup.1 located primarily in non-coding regions,...
The genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders is characterized by a large number of small-effect variants1 located primarily in non-coding regions,...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 933
SubjectTerms 38
38/91
45
45/23
45/43
631/208/199
631/208/212
631/208/212/2019
692/699/476/1799
Adrenal glands
Agriculture
Algorithms
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Bipolar disorder
Blood pressure
Brain
Brain mapping
Cancer Research
Colon
Computational Biology - methods
Consortia
Diagnosis
Disorders
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Gene Function
Gene mapping
Gene Regulatory Networks
Genes
Genetic analysis
Genetic aspects
Genetic Association Studies - methods
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genomes
Health risks
Heterogeneity
Human Genetics
Humans
Letter
Mapping
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - diagnosis
Mental Disorders - genetics
Mental Disorders - psychology
Mental illness
Nervous system diseases
Non-coding RNA
Organ Specificity
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Quantitative Trait Loci
Quantitative Trait, Heritable
Schizophrenia
Studies
Tissue analysis
Tissues
Transcriptome
Uniqueness
Title Multi-tissue transcriptome analyses identify genetic mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric traits
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41588-019-0409-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31086352
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2236131274
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2232023519
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6590703
Volume 51
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVFQY
  databaseName: GFMER Free Medical Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1546-1718
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014408
  issn: 1061-4036
  databaseCode: GX1
  dateStart: 0
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.gfmer.ch/Medical_journals/Free_medical.php
  providerName: Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
– providerCode: PRVLSH
  databaseName: SpringerLink Journals
  customDbUrl:
  mediaType: online
  eissn: 1546-1718
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014408
  issn: 1061-4036
  databaseCode: AFBBN
  dateStart: 20190101
  isFulltext: true
  providerName: Library Specific Holdings
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection (ProQuest)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1546-1718
  dateEnd: 20241103
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014408
  issn: 1061-4036
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  eissn: 1546-1718
  dateEnd: 20241103
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014408
  issn: 1061-4036
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Public Health Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1546-1718
  dateEnd: 20241103
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014408
  issn: 1061-4036
  databaseCode: 8C1
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/publichealth
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3daxQxEB_aK4Iv4rertawiCEro3mbzsQ8itbRUwVOqlXsL2WyiB7292t176H9vJvtR96B92ZdMIJlMZiY7M78BeOPNts2NEUQXTJKMGUl05ijhwnCbsVLQDOudv874yVn2Zc7mWzDra2EwrbLXiUFRlyuD_8j3U0QJoVP_iPp48Zdg1yiMrvYtNHTXWqH8ECDGtmEnRWSsCex8Opp9Px3iCthfOcQ_Ob6cKO_jnFTu196USUzswmBBkhM5slSb-vo_g7WZTLkRUQ2G6vg-3Os8zPigFYkHsGWrh3Cn7Tl59QiKUHJLmsDwuEFTFRTHamljHRBKbB0vQvmuu4q9eGGVY7y0WCG8qJd1jFVnl-dYHRUHMMwhX9qTYcOJpn4MZ8dHPw9PSNdogRjv_jREuCk1gpaeIYJph8DFlskydzrROXWS6cR7LTIvSusftNr7hLnLqeGFSLSU3NInMKlWlX0GcVoap7XlhU5dJozWGSuMlZanNtNF7iJIeqYq06GQ49rOVYiGU6nac1D-HBSeg5IRvBumXLQQHLcRv8aTUghtUWHuzG-9rmv1-dsvdcCkoBhHvpHox-mI6G1H5FZ-hUZ39Qp-nwiZNaLcHVH6C2rGw73UqE5B1OpanCN4NQzjTEx6q-xqHWiwub33sSN42grZwACKHbK88xyBGInfQICw4eORavEnwIdzlqOej-B9L6jXy7qRr89v38QLuJuGm4O_p3Zh0lyu7UvvrTXFHmyLufBfeTjd667jP9ovP0U
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB6VIkQviDeBAgGBkEBRs3FiOweEqkK1Sx9I0Fa9Gcexy0rdpDRZof1T_EY8zqNkpfbWsyeR4xnP2Jn5vgF4Y8O2TpVigcwSHsSJ4oGMDQkoU1THSc5IjHjnvX06Poy_HifHK_C3w8JgWWXnE52jzkuF_8g3ImQJISN7ifp09jvArlGYXe1aaDRmsaMXf-yVrfo4-Wz1-zaKtr8cbI2DtqtAoGysrwNmRkQxklvXzRJpkKVXJzxPjQxlSgxPZGhDNE-zXNvbm7QHoNSkRNGMhZJzqol97w24GZOIoSPgW31JCeZJG-gdxXsZoV0WlfCNygZKjmVjmIoI04AP4uByNPgvHC6Xai7la10Y3L4Ld9rzq7_ZGNw9WNHFfbjVdLRcPIDMAXqD2qnTrzEQOrdUzrQvHf-JrvypAwebhW-NFzGU_kwj_nhazSofMW3np4i98h3VZl-NbcWwnUVdPYTDa1nwR7BalIV-An6UKyOlppmMTMyUlHGSKc01jXQss9R4EHaLKlTLcY5zOxUu1064aPQgrB4E6kFwD973j5w1BB9XCb9GTQkkziiwMudEzqtKTL4dic2EM4JZ6kuFfnwfCL1rhUxpZ6hki4aw34mEXAPJ9YGk3f5qONxZjWjdTyUuNosHr_phfBJL6gpdzp1MhGRHo9SDx42R9QtAsP-WPZp7wAbm1wsgKflwpJj-cuTkNEkxinjwoTPUi2lduq5Pr_6Il3B7fLC3K3Yn-zvPYC1yuwh_hK3Dan0-18_tubDOXrjN6MPP6979_wBWRXK0
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB6VIhAXxJtAgYBASKBos3ES2weEKsqqS6EgoNXejOPYsFI3KU1WaP8avw6P8yhZqb317EnkeF6ezMw3AM-t29ZcKRrILGFBnCgWyNiQIKUq1XGSUxJjv_On_XT3IP4wS2Yb8LfrhcGyys4mOkOdlwr_kY8iRAkhYxtEjUxbFvFlZ_L2-HeAE6Qw09qN02hEZE-v_tjwrXoz3bG8fhFFk_ff3-0G7YSBQFm_XwfUjImiJLdmnCbSIGKvTljOjQwlJ4YlMrTumvEs1zaSk_YyxA0nKs1oKBlLNbHvvQSXKSEcywnprA_2MGfatOGlGKORtMuoEjaqrNNkWEKGaYmQB2zgE9c9w3-ucb1scy1361zi5AZcb--y_nYjfDdhQxe34Eoz3XJ1GzLX3BvUjrV-jU7RmahyoX3psFB05c9do7BZ-VaQsZ_SX2jsRZ5Xi8rH_raTI-zD8h3sZl-ZbclwtEVd3YGDCznwu7BZlIW-D36UKyOlTjMZmZgqKeMkU5rpNNKxzLjxIOwOVagW7xz3diRc3p0w0fBBWD4I5INgHrzqHzluwD7OI36GnBIIolGgOP6Uy6oS08-HYjthlGDG-kyib18HRC9bIlPaHSrZdkbY70RwrgHl1oDSmgI1XO6kRrSmqBKniuPB034Zn8TyukKXS0cTIfDRmHtwrxGy_gAIzuKy13QP6ED8egIEKB-uFPNfDqg8TTh6FA9ed4J6uq0zz_XB-R_xBK5avRcfp_t7D-Fa5JQI_4ltwWZ9stSP7BWxzh47XfThx0Ur_z9WFXcj
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Multi-tissue+transcriptome+analyses+identify+genetic+mechanisms+underlying+neuropsychiatric+traits&rft.jtitle=Nature+genetics&rft.au=Gamazon%2C+Eric+R&rft.au=Zwinderman%2C+Aeilko+H&rft.au=Cox%2C+Nancy+J&rft.au=Denys%2C+Damiaan&rft.date=2019-06-01&rft.pub=Nature+Publishing+Group&rft.issn=1061-4036&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41588-019-0409-8&rft.externalDocID=A587380658
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1061-4036&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1061-4036&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1061-4036&client=summon