Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance reference values (“normal values”) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: 2025 update - Kawel-Boehm, Nadine; Hetzel, Scott J.; Ambale-Venkatesh, Bharath; Captur, Gabriella; Chin, Calvin W.L.; François, Christopher J.; Jerosch-Herold, Michael; Luu, Judy M.; Raisi-Estabragh, Zahra; Starekova, Jitka; Taylor, Michael; van Hout, Max; et al. (Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance, 2025)
Keywords: Adult; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology; Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Female; Heart Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Heart Diseases - physiopathology; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards; Male; Middle Aged; Normal values; Predictive Value of Tests; Radiology/Diagnostic Imaging; Reference range; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Review; LL; RAO; TVAD; EDD; FFD; MOLLI; bSSFP; LV; BSA; venc; EnIGMA; GraSE; EDV; 2ch; UL; 4ch; SHIP; MDT; EF; SDS; MVAD; CMR; TOF; IQR; FLASH; PRESS; PWV; AMBITYON; RA; TGA; VISTA; AV; IVC; GRE; LPA; MRA; FD; SVC; MESA; RPA; RV; Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; NS; SAX; FS; M; Reference range; FT; SASHA; FSPGR; MRS; FHS; MBF; Q; SD; min; SCMR; T; HARP; ESD; 3ch; GBCA; MEFSE; CAHHM; SV; max; CI; HCHS; ESV; CO; ShMOLLI; n; E/A ratio; PA; TE; Normal values; CV; LMS; LA; CMR-LAC; ECV