PET imaging of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders

A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and h...

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Published inLancet neurology Vol. 19; no. 11; pp. 940 - 950
Main Authors Kreisl, William C, Kim, Min-Jeong, Coughlin, Jennifer M, Henter, Ioline D, Owen, David R, Innis, Robert B
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2020
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease
Animals
Astrocytes - metabolism
Astrocytes - pathology
Binding sites
Biomarkers
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - metabolism
Brain research
Dementia
Drug development
Humans
Immune response
Inflammation - diagnostic imaging
Inflammation - metabolism
Microglia - metabolism
Multiple sclerosis
Nervous System Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroimaging
Neurological diseases
Neurological disorders
Neuronal-glial interactions
Noise
Pathophysiology
Polymorphism
Positron emission tomography
Positron-Emission Tomography - methods
Stroke
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1474-4422
1474-4465
1474-4465
DOI10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30346-X

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Abstract A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, there are several obstacles to the reliable quantification of neuroinflammation by PET imaging. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune responses and pathophysiology in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue studies have also begun to clarify the meaning of changes in PET signal in some diseases. Furthermore, although PET imaging of neuroinflammation does not have an established clinical application, novel targets are under investigation and a small but growing number of studies have suggested that this imaging modality could have a role in drug development. Future studies are needed to further improve our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal, how immune response contributes to neurological disease, and how it might be therapeutically modified.
AbstractList A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, there are several obstacles to the reliable quantification of neuroinflammation by PET imaging. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune responses and pathophysiology in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue studies have also begun to clarify the meaning of changes in PET signal in some diseases. Furthermore, although PET imaging of neuroinflammation does not have an established clinical application, novel targets are under investigation and a small but growing number of studies have suggested that this imaging modality could have a role in drug development. Future studies are needed to further improve our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal, how immune response contributes to neurological disease, and how it might be therapeutically modified.
Summary A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, there are several obstacles to the reliable quantification of neuroinflammation by PET imaging. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune responses and pathophysiology in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue studies have also begun to clarify the meaning of changes in PET signal in some diseases. Furthermore, although PET imaging of neuroinflammation does not have an established clinical application, novel targets are under investigation and a small but growing number of studies have suggested that this imaging modality could have a role in drug development. Future studies are needed to further improve our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal, how immune response contributes to neurological disease, and how it might be therapeutically modified.
A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, there are several obstacles to the reliable quantification of neuroinflammation by PET imaging. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune responses and pathophysiology in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue studies have also begun to clarify the meaning of changes in PET signal in some diseases. Furthermore, although PET imaging of neuroinflammation does not have an established clinical application, novel targets are under investigation and a small but growing number of studies have suggested that this imaging modality could have a role in drug development. Future studies are needed to further improve our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal, how immune response contributes to neurological disease, and how it might be therapeutically modified.A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. PET is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, there are several obstacles to the reliable quantification of neuroinflammation by PET imaging. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune responses and pathophysiology in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue studies have also begun to clarify the meaning of changes in PET signal in some diseases. Furthermore, although PET imaging of neuroinflammation does not have an established clinical application, novel targets are under investigation and a small but growing number of studies have suggested that this imaging modality could have a role in drug development. Future studies are needed to further improve our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal, how immune response contributes to neurological disease, and how it might be therapeutically modified.
A growing need exists for reliable in vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterize the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and to inform the development of novel therapeutics that target deleterious glial activity. Positron emission tomography (PET) is well suited to quantify neuroinflammation and has the potential to discriminate components of the neuroimmune response. However, PET imaging is not currently used to measure neuroinflammation in clinical practice, in part because of the complexity of the brain’s varied immune responses and the technical challenges associated with reliable quantification. Despite these challenges, PET studies have consistently identified associations between neuroimmune response and pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Recently, positive results have been observed with second-generation radioligands as markers of immune response in immune-mediated diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and HIV-related cognitive impairment, as well as in neurodegenerative disorders, epilepsy, and stroke. A small but growing number of studies have similarly suggested that PET imaging of neuroinflammation could play a role in drug discovery. However, interpreting neuroinflammation PET studies remains somewhat controversial because of limited understanding regarding the cellular mechanisms that underlie changes in PET signal. Future studies are needed to improve our knowledge of how immune response contributes to neurological disease and how it might be therapeutically modified.
Author Owen, David R
Kreisl, William C
Coughlin, Jennifer M
Henter, Ioline D
Kim, Min-Jeong
Innis, Robert B
AuthorAffiliation 4 Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
1 Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, USA
3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
2 Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
– name: 4 Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
– name: 1 Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, USA
– name: 3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: William C
  surname: Kreisl
  fullname: Kreisl, William C
  organization: Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Min-Jeong
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Min-Jeong
  organization: Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jennifer M
  surname: Coughlin
  fullname: Coughlin, Jennifer M
  organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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  givenname: Ioline D
  surname: Henter
  fullname: Henter, Ioline D
  organization: Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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  givenname: David R
  surname: Owen
  fullname: Owen, David R
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  surname: Innis
  fullname: Innis, Robert B
  email: robert.innis@mail.nih.gov
  organization: Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098803$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and...
Summary A growing need exists for reliable in-vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterise the inflammatory processes underlying various...
A growing need exists for reliable in vivo measurement of neuroinflammation to better characterize the inflammatory processes underlying various diseases and...
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pubmed
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SourceType Open Access Repository
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Index Database
Enrichment Source
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StartPage 940
SubjectTerms Alzheimer's disease
Animals
Astrocytes - metabolism
Astrocytes - pathology
Binding sites
Biomarkers
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - metabolism
Brain research
Dementia
Drug development
Humans
Immune response
Inflammation - diagnostic imaging
Inflammation - metabolism
Microglia - metabolism
Multiple sclerosis
Nervous System Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroimaging
Neurological diseases
Neurological disorders
Neuronal-glial interactions
Noise
Pathophysiology
Polymorphism
Positron emission tomography
Positron-Emission Tomography - methods
Stroke
Title PET imaging of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S147444222030346X
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30346-X
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098803
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2452937393
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2454140321
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7912433
Volume 19
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