Deterioration of Mental Health in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

• Published in: Journal of korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 21 - 29
• Main Authors: Jo, Eunkyung, Seo, Kyoil, Nam, Boram, Shin, Deokyong, Kim, Seohyun, Jeong, Youngil, Kim, Aeju, Kim, Yeni
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2023; Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 대한소아청소년 정신의학회
• Subjects: COVID-19; Mental depression; School closures; Special; Suicidal ideation; Suicides & suicide attempts; Teenagers; 정신과학; United States > US; Japan; Oklahoma; COVID-19; Children; Suicide; Mental health; Adolescent
• ISSN: 1225-729X; 2233-9183; 2233-9183
• DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.220041

This paper reviews the global effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents in South Korea, the U.S., Japan, and China. We reviewed research on deteriorated mental health, including increased suicide, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. Various studies have shown that students' mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the number of students who committed suicide has significantly increased in the U.S. and Japan. Factors such as prior mental health status, change in daily routine, reduced physical activity, excessive screen time, overuse of electronic devices, and reduced social support have been reported to have a significant effect. The chain of deteriorating mental health among the youth began at the onset of COVID-19, social distancing, and school closure. As youths began to stay at home instead of going to school, they lost opportunities to connect with their friends or teachers, who could provide support outside of their homes. Young people spent less time on physical activity and more time online, which damaged their sleeping schedule and daily routine. In preparing for the post-pandemic phase, we should thoroughly analyze the long-term effects of the pandemic on youth mental health, while simultaneously tackling current imminent issues.