Circulating biomarkers of dairy fat and risk of incident stroke in U.S. men and women in 2 large prospective cohorts
Background: Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake.Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of...
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| Published in | The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 100; no. 6; pp. 1437 - 1447 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
American Society for Clinical Nutrition
01.12.2014
American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc American Society for Nutrition |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0002-9165 1938-3207 1938-3207 |
| DOI | 10.3945/ajcn.114.083097 |
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| Abstract | Background: Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake.Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n−7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized.Design: In participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses’ Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993–1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989–1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set–sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights.Results: After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n−7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses.Conclusion: In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke. |
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| AbstractList | Background: Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake. Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n−7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized. Design: In participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses’ Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993–1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989–1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set–sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights. Results: After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n−7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke. Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake. We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n-7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized. In participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses' Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993-1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989-1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set-sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n-7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses. In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke. Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake.BACKGROUNDPrevious observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake.We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n-7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized.OBJECTIVESWe tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n-7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized.In participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses' Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993-1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989-1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set-sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights.DESIGNIn participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses' Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993-1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989-1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set-sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights.After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n-7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses.RESULTSAfter adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n-7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses.In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke.CONCLUSIONIn 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke. Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measures of dairy fat intake. We tested the hypothesis that the circulating biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (15:0), heptadecanoic acid (17:0), and trans palmitoleate (trans 16:1n-7), were associated with lower incidence of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Secondarily, we evaluated 14:0, which is obtained from dairy products and beef, and also endogenously synthesized. In participants from 2 large US cohorts (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 51,529 men; the Nurses' Health Study: 121,700 women) with stored blood samples in 1993-1994 (n = 18,225) and 1989-1990 (n = 32,826), respectively, we prospectively identified 594 incident stroke cases (median follow-up: 8.3 y) and matched them 1:1 to risk-set-sampled control subjects by age, sex, race, and smoking. Total plasma and red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids were measured by using gas-liquid chromatography. Covariates were assessed by using validated questionnaires. Stroke events and subtypes were adjudicated by using medical records or other supporting documentation. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate associations of fatty acids with incident stroke, and cohort-specific findings were combined by inverse-variance weights. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, cardiovascular disease risk factors, diet, and other circulating fatty acids, no significant associations with total stroke were seen for plasma 15:0 (pooled HR for highest compared with lowest quartiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.33), 17:0 (0.99; 0.67, 1.49), trans 16:1 n...7 (0.89; 0.55, 1.45), or 14:0 (1.05; 0.62, 1.78). Results were similar for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes, for RBC fatty acids, and in several different sensitivity analyses. In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) |
| Author | Hu, Frank B Campos, Hannia Yakoob, Mohammad Y Willett, Walter C Shi, Peilin Mozaffarian, Dariush Orav, E John Rexrode, Kathryn M |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25411278$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | dairy fat pentadecanoic acid heptadecanoic acid trans-palmitoleate biomarkers hemorrhagic stroke total plasma stroke ischemic stroke red blood cell |
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| Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.083097 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Funders had no role in the design or conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review and approval/submission of the manuscript for publication. Supported by R01-ES014433 and ES013692 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH; NIH research grants HL-60712, HL-34594, HL-088521, HL-35464, DK-58845, CA-87969, CA-55075, and CA-167552; and a scholarship from the Harvard School of Public Health (including awards from Cabot Fund for International Students and Epidemiology Department Lewis Hackett Endowment), the Lown Cardiovascular Research Foundation Scholarship 2011-12, and the Founders Affiliate American Heart Association Pre-Doctoral Training Fellowship 2013-14 (to MYY). Supplemental Tables 1–7 are available from the “Supplemental data” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at http://ajcn.nutrition.org. |
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| PublicationYear | 2014 |
| Publisher | American Society for Clinical Nutrition American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc American Society for Nutrition |
| Publisher_xml | – name: American Society for Clinical Nutrition – name: American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc – name: American Society for Nutrition |
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| Snippet | Background: Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used... Previous observational studies of self-reported dairy product consumption and stroke risk have reported mixed findings. Few studies have used circulating... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aged beef Biomarkers Biomarkers - blood Cardiovascular Disease Risk Case-Control Studies clinical nutrition dairy consumption Dairy Products Diet Dietary Fats - blood erythrocytes fatty acids Fatty Acids - blood Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - blood Feeding Behavior Female Follow-Up Studies gas chromatography Humans Incidence lifestyle Logistic Models Male Men Middle Aged nurses observational studies Oils & fats Prospective Studies questionnaires regression analysis risk Risk Factors Sensitivity and Specificity sociodemographic characteristics Stroke Stroke - blood Stroke - epidemiology United States Women |
| Title | Circulating biomarkers of dairy fat and risk of incident stroke in U.S. men and women in 2 large prospective cohorts |
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