Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with...

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Published inJournal of general internal medicine : JGIM Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 77 - 84
Main Authors Fortuna, Robert J., Robinson, Laura, Smith, Tristram H., Meccarello, Jon, Bullen, Beth, Nobis, Kathryn, Davidson, Philip W.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.01.2016
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0884-8734
1525-1497
DOI10.1007/s11606-015-3509-x

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Abstract ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. RESULTS Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p  = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p  = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p  = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p  < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p  = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p  < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p  < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p  < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p  < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p  < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. CONCLUSIONS Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living.
AbstractList BACKGROUNDChildren and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined.OBJECTIVETo examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts.DESIGN AND SUBJECTSWe collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population.RESULTSCompared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status.CONCLUSIONSAdults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. RESULTS Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p  = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p  = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p  = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p  < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p  = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p  < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p  < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p  < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p  < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p  < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. CONCLUSIONS Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living.
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18-29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living.
Author Davidson, Philip W.
Robinson, Laura
Smith, Tristram H.
Fortuna, Robert J.
Nobis, Kathryn
Meccarello, Jon
Bullen, Beth
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  surname: Robinson
  fullname: Robinson, Laura
  organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
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  surname: Meccarello
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  fullname: Davidson, Philip W.
  organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26361965$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Society of General Internal Medicine 2015
Journal of General Internal Medicine is a copyright of Springer, (2015). All Rights Reserved.
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autism spectrum disorders
functional status
autism
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Snippet ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD...
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly...
BACKGROUNDChildren and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain...
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StartPage 77
SubjectTerms Activities of Daily Living
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Adults
Aged
Alcohol
Alcoholic beverages
Allergies
Autism
Autistic Disorder - epidemiology
Autistic Disorder - physiopathology
Bathing
Children
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Health
Health Status
Humans
Hypertension
Incidence
Intelligence
Internal Medicine
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental depression
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys - methods
Older people
Original Research
Prevalence
Seizing
Seizures
Tobacco
United States - epidemiology
Young Adult
Young adults
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