Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with...
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Published in | Journal of general internal medicine : JGIM Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 77 - 84 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Springer US
01.01.2016
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0884-8734 1525-1497 |
DOI | 10.1007/s11606-015-3509-x |
Cover
Abstract | ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined.
OBJECTIVE
To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts.
DESIGN AND SUBJECTS
We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population.
RESULTS
Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %;
p
= 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %;
p
= 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %;
p
= 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %;
p
< 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %;
p
= 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %;
p
< 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %;
p
< 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %;
p
< 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %;
p
< 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %;
p
< 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status.
CONCLUSIONS
Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDChildren and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined.OBJECTIVETo examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts.DESIGN AND SUBJECTSWe collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population.RESULTSCompared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status.CONCLUSIONSAdults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. RESULTS Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18–29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. CONCLUSIONS Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18-29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p = 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p = 0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p = 0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p < 0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p < 0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p < 0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p < 0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p < 0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living. |
Author | Davidson, Philip W. Robinson, Laura Smith, Tristram H. Fortuna, Robert J. Nobis, Kathryn Meccarello, Jon Bullen, Beth |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Robert J. surname: Fortuna fullname: Fortuna, Robert J. email: Robert_Fortuna@urmc.rochester.edu organization: Center for Primary Care, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 2 givenname: Laura surname: Robinson fullname: Robinson, Laura organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 3 givenname: Tristram H. surname: Smith fullname: Smith, Tristram H. organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 4 givenname: Jon surname: Meccarello fullname: Meccarello, Jon organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 5 givenname: Beth surname: Bullen fullname: Bullen, Beth organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 6 givenname: Kathryn surname: Nobis fullname: Nobis, Kathryn organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry – sequence: 7 givenname: Philip W. surname: Davidson fullname: Davidson, Philip W. organization: Division of Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26361965$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Copyright | Society of General Internal Medicine 2015 Journal of General Internal Medicine is a copyright of Springer, (2015). All Rights Reserved. |
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BACKGROUND
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD... Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly... BACKGROUNDChildren and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain... |
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SubjectTerms | Activities of Daily Living Adolescent Adolescents Adult Adults Aged Alcohol Alcoholic beverages Allergies Autism Autistic Disorder - epidemiology Autistic Disorder - physiopathology Bathing Children Cross-Sectional Studies Female Health Health Status Humans Hypertension Incidence Intelligence Internal Medicine Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental depression Middle Aged Nutrition Surveys - methods Older people Original Research Prevalence Seizing Seizures Tobacco United States - epidemiology Young Adult Young adults |
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Title | Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation |
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