Influence of uterine inflammation on the estrous cycle in rats

To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E2) and progesterone (P4) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine so...

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Published inJournal of Reproduction and Development Vol. 50; no. 3; pp. 361 - 367
Main Authors Kaneko, K. (Azabu Univ., Sagamihara, Kanagawa (Japan)), Aoki, H, Furuichi, T, Hatori, S, Tanimoto, H, Kawakami, S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan THE SOCIETY FOR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 01.06.2004
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0916-8818
1348-4400
1348-4400
DOI10.1262/jrd.50.361

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Abstract To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E2) and progesterone (P4) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E2 concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P4 concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P4 to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P4 concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
AbstractList To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17 beta (E sub(2)) and progesterone (P sub(4)) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E sub(2) concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P sub(4) concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P sub(4) to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P sub(4) concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E2 concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P4 concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P4 to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P4 concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E2) and progesterone (P4) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E2 concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P4 concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P4 to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P4 concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E(2) concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P(4) concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P(4) to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P(4) concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E(2) concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P(4) concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P(4) to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P(4) concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)) were examined. A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (bacterial solution) or iodine solution was infused into the uterine lumen at various estrous phases. When the bacterial solution was infused at estrus, metestrus, or the first day of diestrus, the following diestrus continued for 5 to 12 days. In the case of the iodine solution, regardless of the estrous phase of the infusion, the following diestrus continued for approximately 6 days. E(2) concentration after infusion of each solution did not fluctuate largely and remained at a low concentration (around 5 pg/ml). P(4) concentration was high (35-45 ng/ml) on the day following infusion, but decreased rapidly to base line values within a few days and remained thereafter at a low level (around 5 ng/ml). It is assumed that the endometritis caused by biological or chemical stimulation raises the concentration of P(4) to depress gonadotrophic hormone secretion, and hence this high P(4) concentration might inhibit the growth of ovarian follicles.
Author Hatori, S
Kawakami, S
Kaneko, K. (Azabu Univ., Sagamihara, Kanagawa (Japan))
Aoki, H
Furuichi, T
Tanimoto, H
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Cites_doi 10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009422
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10.1016/0093-691X(88)90266-X
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References 8. Fonseca FA, Britt JH, McDaniel BT, Wilk JC, Rakes AH. Reproduction traits of Holsteins and Jerseys. Effects of age, milk yield, and clinical abnormalities on involution of cervix and uterus, ovulation, estrous cycles, detection of estrus, conception rate, and days open. J Dairy Sci 1983; 66: 1128-1147.
21. Rivest S, Lee S, Attardi B, Rivier C. The chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin-1 β alters the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of cycling rats. I. Effect on LHRH and gonadotropin biosynthesis and secretion. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 2424-2430.
1. Battaglia DF, Beaver AB, Harris TG, Tanhehco E, Viguie C, Karsch FJ. Endotoxin disrupts the estradiol-induced luteinizing hormone surge: interference with estradiol signal reading, not surge release. Endocrinology 1999; 140: 2471-2479.
18. Peter AT, Bosu WTK, DeDecker RJ. Suppression of preovulatory luteinizing hormone surges in heifers after intrauterine infusions of Escherichia coli endotoxin. Am J Vet Res 1989; 50: 368-373.
11. Kalra SP, Kalra PS. Temporal interrelationships among circulating levels of estradiol, progesterone and LH during the rat estrous cycle: effects of exogenous progesterone. Endocrinology 1974; 95: 1711-1718.
20. Rivier C, Erickson G. The chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin-1β alters the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of cycling rats. áU. Induction of pseudopregnant-like corpora lutea. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 2431-2436.
22. Roguski K, Baranowska B, Chmielowska M, Borowiec M. Leptin modulates the corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) action on progesterone release from cultured rat granulose cells. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2000; 21: 383-389.
2. Battaglia DF, Krasa HB, Padmanabhan V, Viguie C, Karsch FJ. Endocrine alteration that underlie endotoxin-induced disruption of the follicular phase in ewes. Biol Reprod 2000; 62: 45-53.
13. MacLusky NJ, Naftolin F, Leranth C. Immunocytochemical evidence for direct synaptic connections between corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-containing neuronsin the preoptic area of the rat. Brain Res 1988; 26: 391-395.
17. Peter AT, Bosu WTK. Relationship of uterine infections and folliculogenesis in dairy cows during early puerperium. Theriogenology 1988; 30: 1045-1051.
16. Opsomer G, Grohn YT, Hertl J, Coryn M, Deluyker H, de Kruif A. Risk factors for postpartum ovarian dysfunction in high producing dairy cows in Belgium: a field study. Theriogenology 2000; 53: 841-857.
5. Carson RL, Wolfe DF, Klesius PH, Kemppainen RJ, Scanlan CM. The effects of ovarian hormones and ACTH on uterine defense to Corynebacterium pyogenes in cows. Theriogenology 1988; 30: 91-97.
12. Kaneko S, Sato N, Sato K, Hashimoto I. Changes in plasma progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone during diestrus and ovulation in rats with 5-day estrous cycles: effect of antibody against progesterone. Biol Reprod 1986; 34: 488-494.
10. Hopkins SM. Bovine anestrus. In: Morrow DA (ed.), Current Therapy in Theriogenology. 2nd ed, Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1987: 247-250.
7. Fajer AB, Holzbauer M, Newport HM. The contribution of the adrenal gland to the total amount of progesterone produced in the female rat. J Physiol 1971; 214: 115-126.
4. Bosu WTK, Peter AT, DeDecker RJ. Short-term changes in serum luteinizing hormone, ovarian response and reproductive performance following gonadotrophin releasing hormone treatment in postpartum dairy cows with retained placenta. Can J Vet Res 1988; 52: 165-171.
25. Watsonn ED. Opsonising ability of bovine uterine secretions during the oestrous cycle. Vet Rec 1985; 117: 274-275.
6. Davidson JA, Wright DJ, Archbald LF, Klapstein E. Effect of induced pyometra on luteal lifespan and uterine fluid concentrations of prostaglandins and interferons in cows. Theriogenology 1996; 45: 459-470.
23. Sheldon IM, Noakes DE, Rycroft AN, Pfeiffer DU, Dobson H. Influence of uterine bacterial contamination after parturition on ovarian dominant follicle selection and follicle growth and function in cattle. Reproduction 2002; 123: 837-845.
14. Nequin LG, Alvarez JA, Campbell CS. Alterations in steroid and gonadotropin release resulting from surgical stress during the morning of proestrus in 5-day cyclic rats. Endocrinology 1975; 97: 718-724.
19. Rettori V, Jurcovicova J, McCann SM. Central action of interleukin-1 in altering the release of TSH, growth hormone, and prolactin in the male rat. J Neurosci Res 1987; 18: 179-183.
24. Smith MS, Freeman ME, Neill JD. The control of progesterone secretion during the estrous cycle and early pseudopregnancy in the rat: Prolactin, gonadotropin and steroid levels associated with rescue of the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy. Endocrinology 1975; 96: 219-226.
9. Gambacciani M, Yen SS, Rasmussen DD. GnRH release from the mediobasal hypothalamus: in vitro inhibition by corticotrophin-releasing factor. Neuroendocrinology 1986; 43: 533-536.
15. Oltenacu PA, Britt JH, Braun RK, Mellenberger RW. Relationships among type of parturition, type of discharge from genital tract, involution of cervix, and subsequent reproductive performance in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 1983; 66: 612-619.
3. Boiti C, Canali C, Brecchia G, Zanon F, Facchin E. Effects of induced endometritis on the life-span of corpora lutea in pseudopregnant rabbits and incidence of spontaneous uterine infections related to fertility of breeding does. Theriogenology 1999; 52: 1123-1132.
Peter AT, Bosu WTK, DeDecker RJ (18) 1989; 50
Sheldon IM, Noakes DE, Rycroft AN, Pfeiffer DU, Dobson H (23) 2002; 123
Smith MS, Freeman ME, Neill JD (24) 1975; 96
Rettori V, Jurcovicova J, McCann SM (19) 1987; 18
Fajer AB, Holzbauer M, Newport HM (7) 1971; 214
Battaglia DF, Krasa HB, Padmanabhan V, Viguie C, Karsch FJ (2) 2000; 62
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Bosu WTK, Peter AT, DeDecker RJ (4) 1988; 52
16
17
Watsonn ED (25) 1985; 117
1
(15) 1983; 66
3
Kalra SP, Kalra PS (11) 1974; 95
5
6
Kaneko S, Sato N, Sato K, Hashimoto I (12) 1986; 34
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Gambacciani M, Yen SS, Rasmussen DD (9) 1986; 43
20
(8) 1983; 66
Hopkins SM (10) 1987
MacLusky NJ, Naftolin F, Leranth C (13) 1988; 26
21
References_xml – reference: 20. Rivier C, Erickson G. The chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin-1β alters the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of cycling rats. áU. Induction of pseudopregnant-like corpora lutea. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 2431-2436.
– reference: 4. Bosu WTK, Peter AT, DeDecker RJ. Short-term changes in serum luteinizing hormone, ovarian response and reproductive performance following gonadotrophin releasing hormone treatment in postpartum dairy cows with retained placenta. Can J Vet Res 1988; 52: 165-171.
– reference: 19. Rettori V, Jurcovicova J, McCann SM. Central action of interleukin-1 in altering the release of TSH, growth hormone, and prolactin in the male rat. J Neurosci Res 1987; 18: 179-183.
– reference: 22. Roguski K, Baranowska B, Chmielowska M, Borowiec M. Leptin modulates the corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) action on progesterone release from cultured rat granulose cells. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2000; 21: 383-389.
– reference: 7. Fajer AB, Holzbauer M, Newport HM. The contribution of the adrenal gland to the total amount of progesterone produced in the female rat. J Physiol 1971; 214: 115-126.
– reference: 14. Nequin LG, Alvarez JA, Campbell CS. Alterations in steroid and gonadotropin release resulting from surgical stress during the morning of proestrus in 5-day cyclic rats. Endocrinology 1975; 97: 718-724.
– reference: 8. Fonseca FA, Britt JH, McDaniel BT, Wilk JC, Rakes AH. Reproduction traits of Holsteins and Jerseys. Effects of age, milk yield, and clinical abnormalities on involution of cervix and uterus, ovulation, estrous cycles, detection of estrus, conception rate, and days open. J Dairy Sci 1983; 66: 1128-1147.
– reference: 10. Hopkins SM. Bovine anestrus. In: Morrow DA (ed.), Current Therapy in Theriogenology. 2nd ed, Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1987: 247-250.
– reference: 1. Battaglia DF, Beaver AB, Harris TG, Tanhehco E, Viguie C, Karsch FJ. Endotoxin disrupts the estradiol-induced luteinizing hormone surge: interference with estradiol signal reading, not surge release. Endocrinology 1999; 140: 2471-2479.
– reference: 15. Oltenacu PA, Britt JH, Braun RK, Mellenberger RW. Relationships among type of parturition, type of discharge from genital tract, involution of cervix, and subsequent reproductive performance in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 1983; 66: 612-619.
– reference: 6. Davidson JA, Wright DJ, Archbald LF, Klapstein E. Effect of induced pyometra on luteal lifespan and uterine fluid concentrations of prostaglandins and interferons in cows. Theriogenology 1996; 45: 459-470.
– reference: 24. Smith MS, Freeman ME, Neill JD. The control of progesterone secretion during the estrous cycle and early pseudopregnancy in the rat: Prolactin, gonadotropin and steroid levels associated with rescue of the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy. Endocrinology 1975; 96: 219-226.
– reference: 16. Opsomer G, Grohn YT, Hertl J, Coryn M, Deluyker H, de Kruif A. Risk factors for postpartum ovarian dysfunction in high producing dairy cows in Belgium: a field study. Theriogenology 2000; 53: 841-857.
– reference: 2. Battaglia DF, Krasa HB, Padmanabhan V, Viguie C, Karsch FJ. Endocrine alteration that underlie endotoxin-induced disruption of the follicular phase in ewes. Biol Reprod 2000; 62: 45-53.
– reference: 5. Carson RL, Wolfe DF, Klesius PH, Kemppainen RJ, Scanlan CM. The effects of ovarian hormones and ACTH on uterine defense to Corynebacterium pyogenes in cows. Theriogenology 1988; 30: 91-97.
– reference: 9. Gambacciani M, Yen SS, Rasmussen DD. GnRH release from the mediobasal hypothalamus: in vitro inhibition by corticotrophin-releasing factor. Neuroendocrinology 1986; 43: 533-536.
– reference: 11. Kalra SP, Kalra PS. Temporal interrelationships among circulating levels of estradiol, progesterone and LH during the rat estrous cycle: effects of exogenous progesterone. Endocrinology 1974; 95: 1711-1718.
– reference: 21. Rivest S, Lee S, Attardi B, Rivier C. The chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin-1 β alters the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of cycling rats. I. Effect on LHRH and gonadotropin biosynthesis and secretion. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 2424-2430.
– reference: 25. Watsonn ED. Opsonising ability of bovine uterine secretions during the oestrous cycle. Vet Rec 1985; 117: 274-275.
– reference: 12. Kaneko S, Sato N, Sato K, Hashimoto I. Changes in plasma progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone during diestrus and ovulation in rats with 5-day estrous cycles: effect of antibody against progesterone. Biol Reprod 1986; 34: 488-494.
– reference: 18. Peter AT, Bosu WTK, DeDecker RJ. Suppression of preovulatory luteinizing hormone surges in heifers after intrauterine infusions of Escherichia coli endotoxin. Am J Vet Res 1989; 50: 368-373.
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Snippet To investigate how uterine inflammation affects ovarian activity in rats, endometritis was induced and changes in the length of estrous cycle and serum...
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StartPage 361
SubjectTerms Animals
BLOOD COMPOSITION
Endometritis
Estradiol
Estradiol - metabolism
Estrous cycle
Estrous Cycle - physiology
Female
INFLAMMATION
Iodine - pharmacology
OESTROGENS
OESTROUS CYCLE
Ovary - drug effects
Ovary - microbiology
Ovary - physiology
PROGESTERONE
Progesterone - metabolism
Rat
RATS
Rats, Wistar
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism
Time Factors
UTERINE DISEASES
Uterus - metabolism
Uterus - pathology
Title Influence of uterine inflammation on the estrous cycle in rats
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