Spinal and supraspinal processing of thermal stimuli: An fMRI study

• Published in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 1046 - 1055
• Main Authors: Rempe, Torge, Wolff, Stephan, Riedel, Christian, Baron, Ralf, Stroman, Patrick W., Jansen, Olav, Gierthmühlen, Janne
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2015; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Afferent Pathways - physiopathology; Female; heat allodynia; Hot Temperature; human pain model; Humans; Hyperalgesia - physiopathology; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; neuropathic pain; Nociception - physiology; spinal cord; Spinal Cord - physiopathology; spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging; Young Adult; human pain model; neuropathic pain; spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging; spinal cord; heat allodynia
• ISSN: 1053-1807; 1522-2586; 1522-2586
• DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24627

Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Materials and Methods Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single‐shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm). Results Increased activity was observed in ipsi‐ and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52–0.98, P < 0.05). Conclusion Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046–1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.