Spinal and supraspinal processing of thermal stimuli: An fMRI study

Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Materials and Methods Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpain...

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Published in	Journal of magnetic resonance imaging Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 1046 - 1055
Main Authors	Rempe, Torge, Wolff, Stephan, Riedel, Christian, Baron, Ralf, Stroman, Patrick W., Jansen, Olav, Gierthmühlen, Janne
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2015 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects	Adult Afferent Pathways - physiopathology Female heat allodynia Hot Temperature human pain model Humans Hyperalgesia - physiopathology Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male neuropathic pain Nociception - physiology spinal cord Spinal Cord - physiopathology spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging Young Adult human pain model neuropathic pain spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging spinal cord heat allodynia
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ISSN	1053-1807 1522-2586 1522-2586
DOI	10.1002/jmri.24627

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Abstract	Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Materials and Methods Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single‐shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm). Results Increased activity was observed in ipsi‐ and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52–0.98, P < 0.05). Conclusion Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046–1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AbstractList	Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Materials and Methods Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single‐shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm). Results Increased activity was observed in ipsi‐ and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52–0.98, P < 0.05). Conclusion Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046–1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI).PURPOSETo assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI).Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single-shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm).MATERIALS AND METHODSSpinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single-shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm).Increased activity was observed in ipsi- and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52-0.98, P < 0.05).RESULTSIncreased activity was observed in ipsi- and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52-0.98, P < 0.05).Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046-1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.CONCLUSIONSpinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046-1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single-shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm). Increased activity was observed in ipsi- and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P < 0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R = 0.52-0.98, P < 0.05). Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046-1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI). Materials and Methods Spinal/supraspinal activation patterns of 16 healthy subjects were investigated by applying painful and nonpainful heat stimuli to dermatome C6 baseline and after sensitization with the heat/capsaicin model using fMRI (3T, single-shot TSE, TR 9000 msec, TE 38 msec, FOV 288 × 144 × 20 mm, matrix 192 × 96, voxel size 1 × 1 × 2 mm). Results Increased activity was observed in ipsi- and contralateral ventral and dorsal spinal horn during noxious heat and heat allodynia. During noxious heat, but not during heat allodynia, activations were visible in the periaqueductal gray, ipsilateral cuneiform nucleus, and ipsilateral dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT). However, during heat allodynia activations were observed in bilateral ruber nuclei, contralateral DLPT, and rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM). Activations in contralateral subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD) were visible during both noxious heat and heat allodynia (T >2.5, P<0.01 for all of the above). After sensitization, activations in RVM and SRD correlated with activations in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (R=0.52-0.98, P<0.05). Conclusion Spinal fMRI successfully demonstrates increased spinal activity and secondary changes in activation of supraspinal centers involved in pain modulation caused by peripheral nociceptor sensitization. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1046-1055. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Author	Jansen, Olav Wolff, Stephan Gierthmühlen, Janne Riedel, Christian Stroman, Patrick W. Rempe, Torge Baron, Ralf
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Torge surname: Rempe fullname: Rempe, Torge organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Stephan surname: Wolff fullname: Wolff, Stephan organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Christian surname: Riedel fullname: Riedel, Christian organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Ralf surname: Baron fullname: Baron, Ralf organization: Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Patrick W. surname: Stroman fullname: Stroman, Patrick W. organization: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Physics, Queen's University, Ontario, Kingston, Canada – sequence: 6 givenname: Olav surname: Jansen fullname: Jansen, Olav organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Janne surname: Gierthmühlen fullname: Gierthmühlen, Janne email: j.gierthmuehlen@neurologie.uni-kiel.de organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Keywords	human pain model neuropathic pain spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging spinal cord heat allodynia
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Snippet	Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal... To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal fMRI).... Purpose To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal... To assess and characterize responses to innocuous/noxious thermal stimuli and heat allodynia using functional spinal magnetic resonance imaging (spinal...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Afferent Pathways - physiopathology Female heat allodynia Hot Temperature human pain model Humans Hyperalgesia - physiopathology Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male neuropathic pain Nociception - physiology spinal cord Spinal Cord - physiopathology spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging Young Adult
Title	Spinal and supraspinal processing of thermal stimuli: An fMRI study
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