Cognitive and physiological effects of an acute physical activity intervention in elementary school children

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport s...

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Published inFrontiers in psychology Vol. 5; p. 1473
Main Authors Jäger, Katja, Schmidt, Mirko, Conzelmann, Achim, Roebers, Claudia M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 18.12.2014
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ISSN1664-1078
1664-1078
DOI10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01473

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Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other half was assigned to a resting control condition. Individual differences in children's updating, inhibition, and shifting performance as well as salivary cortisol were assessed before (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and 40 min after (follow-up) the intervention or control condition, respectively. Results revealed a significantly stronger improvement in inhibition in the experimental group compared to the control group, while it appeared that acute physical activity had no specific effect on updating and shifting. The intervention effect on inhibition leveled out 40 min after physical activity. Salivary cortisol increased significantly more in the experimental compared to the control group between post-test and follow-up and results support partly the assumed inverted U-shaped relationship between cortisol level and cognitive performance. In conclusion, results indicate that acute physical activity that includes cognitive engagement may have immediate positive effects on inhibition, but not necessarily on updating and shifting in elementary school children. This positive effect may partly be explained through cortisol elevation after acute physical activity.
AbstractList The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other half was assigned to a resting control condition. Individual differences in children's updating, inhibition, and shifting performance as well as salivary cortisol were assessed before (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and 40 min after (follow-up) the intervention or control condition, respectively. Results revealed a significantly stronger improvement in inhibition in the experimental group compared to the control group, while it appeared that acute physical activity had no specific effect on updating and shifting. The intervention effect on inhibition leveled out 40 min after physical activity. Salivary cortisol increased significantly more in the experimental compared to the control group between post-test and follow-up and results support partly the assumed inverted U-shaped relationship between cortisol level and cognitive performance. In conclusion, results indicate that acute physical activity that includes cognitive engagement may have immediate positive effects on inhibition, but not necessarily on updating and shifting in elementary school children. This positive effect may partly be explained through cortisol elevation after acute physical activity.The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other half was assigned to a resting control condition. Individual differences in children's updating, inhibition, and shifting performance as well as salivary cortisol were assessed before (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and 40 min after (follow-up) the intervention or control condition, respectively. Results revealed a significantly stronger improvement in inhibition in the experimental group compared to the control group, while it appeared that acute physical activity had no specific effect on updating and shifting. The intervention effect on inhibition leveled out 40 min after physical activity. Salivary cortisol increased significantly more in the experimental compared to the control group between post-test and follow-up and results support partly the assumed inverted U-shaped relationship between cortisol level and cognitive performance. In conclusion, results indicate that acute physical activity that includes cognitive engagement may have immediate positive effects on inhibition, but not necessarily on updating and shifting in elementary school children. This positive effect may partly be explained through cortisol elevation after acute physical activity.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6-8 years old) attended a 20-min sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other half was assigned to a resting control condition. Individual differences in children's updating, inhibition, and shifting performance as well as salivary cortisol were assessed before (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and 40 min after (follow-up) the intervention or control condition, respectively. Results revealed a significantly stronger improvement in inhibition in the experimental group compared to the control group, while it appeared that acute physical activity had no specific effect on updating and shifting. The intervention effect on inhibition leveled out 40 min after physical activity. Salivary cortisol increased significantly more in the experimental compared to the control group between post-test and follow-up and results support partly the assumed inverted U-shaped relationship between cortisol level and cognitive performance. In conclusion, results indicate that acute physical activity that includes cognitive engagement may have immediate positive effects on inhibition, but not necessarily on updating and shifting in elementary school children. This positive effect may partly be explained through cortisol elevation after acute physical activity.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention including cognitive engagement on executive functions and on cortisol level in young elementary school children. Half of the 104 participating children (6 to 8 years old) attended a 20-minute sport sequence, which included cognitively engaging and playful forms of physical activity. The other half was assigned to a resting control condition. Individual differences in children`s updating, inhibition, and shifting performance as well as salivary cortisol were assessed before (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and 40 minutes after (follow-up) the intervention or control condition respectively. Results revealed a significantly stronger improvement in inhibition in the experimental group compared to the control group, while it appeared that acute physical activity had no specific effect on updating and shifting. The intervention effect on inhibition levelled out 40 minutes after physical activity. Salivary cortisol increased significantly more in the experimental compared to the control group between post-test and follow-up and results support partly the assumed inverted U-shaped relationship between cortisol level and cognitive performance. In conclusion, results indicate that acute physical activity including cognitive engagement may have immediate positive effects on inhibition, but not necessarily on updating and shifting in elementary school children. This positive effect may partly be explained trough cortisol elevation after acute physical activity.
Author Roebers, Claudia M.
Jäger, Katja
Schmidt, Mirko
Conzelmann, Achim
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Psychology, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
2 Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
– name: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Katja
  surname: Jäger
  fullname: Jäger, Katja
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Mirko
  surname: Schmidt
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– sequence: 3
  givenname: Achim
  surname: Conzelmann
  fullname: Conzelmann, Achim
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Claudia M.
  surname: Roebers
  fullname: Roebers, Claudia M.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566148$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords salivary cortisol
acute exercise
cognition
intervention
executive functions
Language English
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Reviewed by: Peter J. Anderson, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Australia; Sarah Enos Watamura, University of Denver, USA
This article was submitted to Developmental Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology.
Edited by: Natasha Kirkham, Birkbeck, University of London, UK
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Snippet The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention that included cognitive engagement on executive...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute physical activity intervention including cognitive engagement on executive functions...
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StartPage 1473
SubjectTerms acute physical activity
Cognition
cortisol
executive functions
intervention
Psychology
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Title Cognitive and physiological effects of an acute physical activity intervention in elementary school children
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566148
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1645781124
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4270126
https://doaj.org/article/23bf31ada4734e06b15c715cd83b9ffd
Volume 5
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