Does change in thoracic impedance measured via defibrillator electrode pads accurately detect ventilation breaths in children?

Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children. We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anteri...

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Published inResuscitation Vol. 81; no. 11; pp. 1544 - 1549
Main Authors Roberts, Kathryn, Srinivasan, Vijay, Niles, Dana E., Eilevstjønn, Joar, Tyler, Lisa, Boyle, Lori, Bishnoi, Ram, Ferry, Susan, Nysæther, Jon, Stavland, Mette, Litman, Ronald S., Helfaer, Mark, Nadkarni, Vinay
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.11.2010
Elsevier
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0300-9572
1873-1570
1873-1570
DOI10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.07.010

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Abstract Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children. We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior–apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume >7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior–posterior (AP) position. IRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO 2SMO Plus). Twenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7–9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5–39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume <7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP ( p = 0.99). For ventilations ≥7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP ( p = 0.38). Changes in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (<7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.
AbstractList Abstract Introduction Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children. Aim We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior–apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume >7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior–posterior (AP) position. Methods IRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO2 SMO Plus). Results Twenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7–9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5–39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume <7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP ( p = 0.99). For ventilations ≥7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP ( p = 0.38). Conclusions Changes in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (<7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.
Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children. We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior–apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume >7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior–posterior (AP) position. IRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO 2SMO Plus). Twenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7–9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5–39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume <7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP ( p = 0.99). For ventilations ≥7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP ( p = 0.38). Changes in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (<7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.
Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7-10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children.INTRODUCTIONResuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7-10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children.We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior-apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume > 7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior-posterior (AP) position.AIMWe hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior-apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume > 7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior-posterior (AP) position.IRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO(2)SMO Plus).METHODSIRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO(2)SMO Plus).Twenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7-9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5-39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume < 7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP (p=0.99). For ventilations ≥ 7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP (p=0.38).RESULTSTwenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7-9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5-39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume < 7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP (p=0.99). For ventilations ≥ 7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP (p=0.38).Changes in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (< 7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥ 7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.CONCLUSIONSChanges in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (< 7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥ 7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.
Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7-10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator electrode pads to detect and guide rescue ventilations have not been studied in children. We hypothesized that ΔTI measured via standard anterior-apical (AA) position can accurately detect ventilations with volume > 7 ml/kg in children. We also compared standard AA position with alternative anterior-posterior (AP) position. IRB-approved, prospective, observational study of sedated, subjects (6 months to 17 years) on conventional mechanical ventilation. Thoracic impedance (TI) was obtained via Philips MRx defibrillator with standard electrode pads for 5 min each in AA and AP positions. Ventilations were simultaneously measured by pneumotachometer (Novametrix CO(2)SMO Plus). Twenty-eight subjects (median 4 years, IQR 1.7-9 years; median 16.3 kg, IQR 10.5-39 kg) were enrolled. Data were available for 21 episodes in AA position and 22 episodes in AP position, with paired AA and AP data available for 18. For ventilations with volume < 7 ml/kg, the defibrillator algorithm detected 80.0% for both AA and AP (p=0.99). For ventilations ≥ 7 ml/kg, detection was 95.1% for AA and 95.7% for AP (p=0.38). Changes in thoracic impedance obtained via defibrillator pads can accurately detect ventilations above 7 ml/kg in stable, mechanically ventilated children, corresponding to rescue ventilations recommended during CPR. Both AA and AP pad positions were less sensitive to detect smaller volumes (< 7 ml/kg) than higher volumes (≥ 7 ml/kg), suggesting that shallow ventilations during CPR might be missed. There were no differences in impedance measurements between standard AA pad position and commonly used alternative AP pad position.
Author Boyle, Lori
Nysæther, Jon
Stavland, Mette
Srinivasan, Vijay
Litman, Ronald S.
Niles, Dana E.
Tyler, Lisa
Helfaer, Mark
Ferry, Susan
Eilevstjønn, Joar
Nadkarni, Vinay
Bishnoi, Ram
Roberts, Kathryn
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  givenname: Dana E.
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Issue 11
Keywords AA
CPR
ΔTI
FN
FP
V t
V ts
Rescue ventilation
AP
α
Thoracic impedance
TI
α ω
TP
Pediatric
Resuscitation
change in thoracic impedance
true positive
impedance coefficient
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
false negative or undetected
thoracic impedance
tidal volume
false positive
anterior–apical
specific impedance coefficient
anterior–posterior
tidal volume per kg bodyweight
Human
Pediatrics
Rescue
Intensive care
Impedance
Child
Defibrillator
Language English
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Snippet Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator...
Abstract Introduction Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7–10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured...
Resuscitation guidelines recommend rescue ventilations consist of tidal volumes 7-10 ml/kg. Changes in thoracic impedance (ΔTI) measured using defibrillator...
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pubmed
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elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
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Enrichment Source
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StartPage 1544
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Algorithms
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiography, Impedance - instrumentation
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - methods
Child
Child, Preschool
Electric Countershock - instrumentation
Electric Countershock - methods
Electrodes
Emergency
Emergency and intensive respiratory care
Female
Heart Arrest - physiopathology
Heart Arrest - therapy
Humans
Infant
Intensive care medicine
Male
Medical sciences
Pediatric
Prospective Studies
Rescue ventilation
Resuscitation
Thoracic impedance
Tidal Volume
Title Does change in thoracic impedance measured via defibrillator electrode pads accurately detect ventilation breaths in children?
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https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0300957210004132
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.07.010
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20800333
https://www.proquest.com/docview/763176134
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