High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 13; no. 11; p. e0207853 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
29.11.2018
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0207853 |
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Abstract | Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities.
To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes.
We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection.
The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1).
We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. |
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AbstractList | Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities.BACKGROUNDChlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities.To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes.OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes.We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection.METHODSWe utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection.The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1).RESULTSThe sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1).We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil.CONCLUSIONSWe recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities. To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes. We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection. The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1). We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. Background Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes. Methods We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection. Results The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83–35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33–11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1). Conclusions We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities.ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes.MethodsWe utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection.ResultsThe sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1).ConclusionsWe recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. Background Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes. Methods We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection. Results The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83–35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33–11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1). Conclusions We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil. |
Author | Tsutsumi, Mihoko Yamamoto Vieira, Maria Renata Mendonça dos Santos Oliveira, Jéssica Fernanda Galdino dos Santos, Leonardo Miranda Trindade, Josinaide Quaresma Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui Fuzii, Hellen Thais Sousa Junior, Edivaldo Costa Ishak, Ricardo Ferrari, Stephen Francis de Sousa, Maísa Silva Brasiliense, Danielle Murici |
AuthorAffiliation | 9 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil 7 Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil 2 Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil 8 Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil 1 Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil 5 Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil 6 Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UNITED STATES 4 Laboratório de Citopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasi |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 8 Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil – name: 4 Laboratório de Citopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasi – name: 9 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil – name: 5 Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil – name: 7 Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil – name: 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil – name: 6 Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil – name: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UNITED STATES – name: 2 Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil – name: 1 Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Leonardo Miranda orcidid: 0000-0003-0253-7277 surname: dos Santos fullname: dos Santos, Leonardo Miranda – sequence: 2 givenname: Maria Renata Mendonça dos Santos surname: Vieira fullname: Vieira, Maria Renata Mendonça dos Santos – sequence: 3 givenname: Jéssica Fernanda Galdino surname: Oliveira fullname: Oliveira, Jéssica Fernanda Galdino – sequence: 4 givenname: Josinaide Quaresma surname: Trindade fullname: Trindade, Josinaide Quaresma – sequence: 5 givenname: Danielle Murici surname: Brasiliense fullname: Brasiliense, Danielle Murici – sequence: 6 givenname: Stephen Francis surname: Ferrari fullname: Ferrari, Stephen Francis – sequence: 7 givenname: Mihoko Yamamoto surname: Tsutsumi fullname: Tsutsumi, Mihoko Yamamoto – sequence: 8 givenname: Hellen Thais surname: Fuzii fullname: Fuzii, Hellen Thais – sequence: 9 givenname: Edivaldo Costa surname: Sousa Junior fullname: Sousa Junior, Edivaldo Costa – sequence: 10 givenname: Edna Aoba Yassui surname: Ishikawa fullname: Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui – sequence: 11 givenname: Ricardo surname: Ishak fullname: Ishak, Ricardo – sequence: 12 givenname: Maísa Silva surname: de Sousa fullname: de Sousa, Maísa Silva |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30496244$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_022_07171_2 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0270874 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0312947 crossref_primary_10_59255_mmed_2024_97 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_24109 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomed3010002 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13050855 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10101719 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0950268822001066 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0287119 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0287633 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bjid_2020_04_014 crossref_primary_10_15406_ogij_2022_13_00621 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens8040236 crossref_primary_10_1590_s1678_9946202163001 |
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ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2018 dos Santos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2018 dos Santos et al 2018 dos Santos et al |
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Snippet | Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic,... Background Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are... BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are... Background Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are... |
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SubjectTerms | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adolescent Adult Aged AIDS Archipelagoes Bacteria Biology and Life Sciences Brazil - epidemiology Chlamydia Chlamydia Infections - epidemiology Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia trachomatis - genetics Chlamydia trachomatis - physiology Complications Computer and Information Sciences Condoms Disease prevention Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Epidemiology Female Gene sequencing Genotypes Health care Health services Humans Infections Infectious diseases Infertility Inflammatory diseases Islands - epidemiology Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged OmpA protein People and places Poisson density functions Prevalence Public health Reproductive Health Reproductive system Research and Analysis Methods Risk Factors Rural areas Sexual Behavior Sexually transmitted diseases Statistical analysis STD Task forces Urban areas Urban environments Womens health Young Adult Young adults |
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Title | High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon |
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