Genetic Determinants of the Gut Microbiome in UK Twins

Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around herit...

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Published inCell host & microbe Vol. 19; no. 5; pp. 731 - 743
Main Authors Goodrich, Julia K., Davenport, Emily R., Beaumont, Michelle, Jackson, Matthew A., Knight, Rob, Ober, Carole, Spector, Tim D., Bell, Jordana T., Clark, Andrew G., Ley, Ruth E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 11.05.2016
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1931-3128
1934-6069
DOI10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.017

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Abstract Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around heritability estimates and uncovered additional heritable taxa, some of which are validated in other studies. Repeat sampling of subjects showed heritable taxa to be temporally stable. A candidate gene approach uncovered associations between heritable taxa and genes related to diet, metabolism, and olfaction. We replicate an association between Bifidobacterium and the lactase (LCT) gene locus and identify an association between the host gene ALDH1L1 and the bacteria SHA-98, suggesting a link between formate production and blood pressure. Additional genes detected are involved in barrier defense and self/non-self recognition. Our results indicate that diet-sensing, metabolism, and immune defense are important drivers of human-microbiome co-evolution. [Display omitted] •16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs•Heritable bacterial taxa are temporally stable•Bifidobacterium associates with lactase gene variants; formate production links to blood pressure•Gene-microbe links involve genes related to diet, metabolism, olfaction, and defense Does host genotype shape the microbiome? Goodrich et al. present a gut microbiome analysis of 1,126 twin pairs, which extends the association between host genetics and select bacterial taxa. Lactase nonpersistence was linked to higher levels of Bifidobacteria. Other gene/microbe links relate to diet and barrier defense.
AbstractList Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around heritability estimates and uncovered additional heritable taxa, some of which are validated in other studies. Repeat sampling of subjects showed heritable taxa to be temporally stable. A candidate gene approach uncovered associations between heritable taxa and genes related to diet, metabolism, and olfaction. We replicate an association between Bifidobacterium and the lactase (LCT) gene locus and identify an association between the host gene ALDH1L1 and the bacteria SHA-98, suggesting a link between formate production and blood pressure. Additional genes detected are involved in barrier defense and self/non-self recognition. Our results indicate that diet-sensing, metabolism, and immune defense are important drivers of human-microbiome co-evolution.
Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around heritability estimates and uncovered additional heritable taxa, some of which are validated in other studies. Repeat sampling of subjects showed heritable taxa to be temporally stable. A candidate gene approach uncovered associations between heritable taxa and genes related to diet, metabolism, and olfaction. We replicate an association between Bifidobacterium and the lactase (LCT) gene locus and identify an association between the host gene ALDH1L1 and the bacteria SHA-98, suggesting a link between formate production and blood pressure. Additional genes detected are involved in barrier defense and self/non-self recognition. Our results indicate that diet-sensing, metabolism, and immune defense are important drivers of human-microbiome co-evolution.
Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around heritability estimates and uncovered additional heritable taxa, some of which are validated in other studies. Repeat sampling of subjects showed heritable taxa to be temporally stable. A candidate gene approach uncovered associations between heritable taxa and genes related to diet, metabolism, and olfaction. We replicate an association between Bifidobacterium and the lactase (LCT) gene locus and identify an association between the host gene ALDH1L1 and the bacteria SHA-98, suggesting a link between formate production and blood pressure. Additional genes detected are involved in barrier defense and self/non-self recognition. Our results indicate that diet-sensing, metabolism, and immune defense are important drivers of human-microbiome co-evolution. [Display omitted] •16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs•Heritable bacterial taxa are temporally stable•Bifidobacterium associates with lactase gene variants; formate production links to blood pressure•Gene-microbe links involve genes related to diet, metabolism, olfaction, and defense Does host genotype shape the microbiome? Goodrich et al. present a gut microbiome analysis of 1,126 twin pairs, which extends the association between host genetics and select bacterial taxa. Lactase nonpersistence was linked to higher levels of Bifidobacteria. Other gene/microbe links relate to diet and barrier defense.
Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome in 1,126 twin pairs, a subset of which was previously reported. Tripling the sample narrowed the confidence intervals around heritability estimates and uncovered additional heritable taxa, some of which are validated in other studies. Repeat sampling of subjects showed heritable taxa to be temporally stable. A candidate gene approach uncovered associations between heritable taxa and genes related to diet, metabolism and olfaction. We replicate an association between Bifidobacterium and the lactase ( LCT ) gene locus and identify an association between the host gene ALDH1L1 and SHA-98 bacteria, suggesting a link between formate production and blood pressure. Additional genes detected are involved in barrier defense and self/non-self recognition. Our results indicate that diet-sensing, metabolism, and immune defense are important drivers of human-microbiome co-evolution. Does host gentoype shape the microbiome? Goodrich et al. present a gut microbiome analysis of 1,126 twin pairs, which extends the association between host genetics and select bacterial taxa. Lactase nonpersistence was linked to higher levels of Bifidobacteria. Other gene/microbe links relate to diet and barrier defense.
Author Spector, Tim D.
Beaumont, Michelle
Ober, Carole
Bell, Jordana T.
Jackson, Matthew A.
Clark, Andrew G.
Goodrich, Julia K.
Knight, Rob
Davenport, Emily R.
Ley, Ruth E.
AuthorAffiliation 3 Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego CA, USA
1 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA
2 Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, U.K
5 Department of Microbiome Science, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
4 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego CA, USA
– name: 4 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA
– name: 2 Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, U.K
– name: 5 Department of Microbiome Science, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
– name: 1 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Julia K.
  surname: Goodrich
  fullname: Goodrich, Julia K.
  organization: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Emily R.
  surname: Davenport
  fullname: Davenport, Emily R.
  organization: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Michelle
  surname: Beaumont
  fullname: Beaumont, Michelle
  organization: Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Matthew A.
  surname: Jackson
  fullname: Jackson, Matthew A.
  organization: Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Rob
  surname: Knight
  fullname: Knight, Rob
  organization: Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Carole
  surname: Ober
  fullname: Ober, Carole
  organization: Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Tim D.
  surname: Spector
  fullname: Spector, Tim D.
  organization: Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Jordana T.
  surname: Bell
  fullname: Bell, Jordana T.
  organization: Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Andrew G.
  surname: Clark
  fullname: Clark, Andrew G.
  organization: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Ruth E.
  surname: Ley
  fullname: Ley, Ruth E.
  email: rel222@cornell.edu
  organization: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27173935$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Studies in mice and humans have revealed intriguing associations between host genetics and the microbiome. Here we report a 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut...
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SubjectTerms Base Sequence
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics
Genetic Variation
Humans
Male
Microbial Consortia - genetics
Twins
United Kingdom
Title Genetic Determinants of the Gut Microbiome in UK Twins
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27173935
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1789042314
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4915943
Volume 19
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