Effects of Low-Protein, and Supplemented Very Low–Protein Diets, on Muscle Protein Turnover in Patients With CKD
Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored...
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| Published in | Kidney international reports Vol. 3; no. 3; pp. 701 - 710 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.05.2018
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2468-0249 2468-0249 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ekir.2018.01.003 |
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| Abstract | Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored.
We studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of 2H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, n = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 2).
As compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, P < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover.
The results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown. |
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| AbstractList | Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored.INTRODUCTIONEarly studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored.We studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of 2H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, n = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 2).METHODSWe studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of 2H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, n = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 2).As compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, P < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover.RESULTSAs compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, P < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover.The results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown.CONCLUSIONThe results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown. Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored. We studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of 2H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, n = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 2). As compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, P < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. The results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown. Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored. We studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, = 6) (Protocol 2). As compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. The results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown. Introduction: Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but how and to what extent muscle protein metabolism adapts to a low-protein diet (LPD) or to a supplemented very LPD (sVLPD) is still unexplored. Methods: We studied muscle protein turnover by the forearm perfusion method associated with the kinetics of 2H-phenylalanine in patients with CKD: (i) in a parallel study in subjects randomized to usual diet (1.1 g protein/kg, n = 5) or LPD (0.55 g protein/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 1); (ii) in a crossover, self-controlled study in subjects on a 0.55 g/kg LPD followed by a sVLPD (0.45 g/kg + amino/ketoacids 0.1 g/kg, n = 6) (Protocol 2). Results: As compared with a 1.1 g/kg containing diet, a 0.55 g/kg LPD induced the following: (i) a 17% to 40% decrease in muscle protein degradation and net protein balance, respectively, (ii) no change in muscle protein synthesis, (iii) a slight (by approximately 7%, P < 0.06) decrease in whole-body protein degradation, and (iv) an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. As compared with an LPD, an sVLPD induced the following: (i) no change in muscle protein degradation, and (ii) an approximately 50% decrease in the negative net protein balance, and an increase in the efficiency of muscle protein turnover. Conclusion: The results of these studies indicate that in patients with CKD the adaptation of muscle protein metabolism to restrained protein intake can be obtained via combined responses of protein degradation and the efficiency of recycling of amino acids deriving from protein breakdown. Keywords: amino acids, chronic kidney disease, ketoacids, low-protein diet, nutrition |
| Author | Garibotto, Giacomo Parodi, Emanuele Luigi Ansaldo, Francesca Bonanni, Alice Vettore, Monica Verzola, Daniela Picciotto, Daniela Tessari, Paolo Signori, Alessio Sofia, Antonella |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy 1 Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy 2 Department of Health Sciences, Biostatistics Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy – name: 2 Department of Health Sciences, Biostatistics Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy – name: 1 Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Giacomo surname: Garibotto fullname: Garibotto, Giacomo email: gari@unige.it organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Antonella surname: Sofia fullname: Sofia, Antonella organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Emanuele Luigi surname: Parodi fullname: Parodi, Emanuele Luigi organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Francesca surname: Ansaldo fullname: Ansaldo, Francesca organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Alice surname: Bonanni fullname: Bonanni, Alice organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: Daniela surname: Picciotto fullname: Picciotto, Daniela organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 7 givenname: Alessio surname: Signori fullname: Signori, Alessio organization: Department of Health Sciences, Biostatistics Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy – sequence: 8 givenname: Monica surname: Vettore fullname: Vettore, Monica organization: Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy – sequence: 9 givenname: Paolo surname: Tessari fullname: Tessari, Paolo organization: Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy – sequence: 10 givenname: Daniela surname: Verzola fullname: Verzola, Daniela organization: Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29854979$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | low-protein diet chronic kidney disease ketoacids nutrition amino acids |
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McCollum Award Lecture publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/46.5.709 |
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| Snippet | Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower protein intake, but... Introduction: Early studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are able to maintain nitrogen balance despite significantly lower... |
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| SubjectTerms | amino acids chronic kidney disease Clinical Research ketoacids low-protein diet nutrition |
| Title | Effects of Low-Protein, and Supplemented Very Low–Protein Diets, on Muscle Protein Turnover in Patients With CKD |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2018.01.003 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29854979 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2049551661 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5976852 https://doaj.org/article/84e47db431284221a4ca6fb51f5cd675 |
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