Subject Specific Optimisation of the Stiffness of Footwear Material for Maximum Plantar Pressure Reduction
Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is to assess the biomechanical properties of carefully selected cushioning materials and to establish the basis for patient-specific material op...
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Published in | Annals of biomedical engineering Vol. 45; no. 8; pp. 1929 - 1940 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Springer US
01.08.2017
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0090-6964 1573-9686 1573-9686 |
DOI | 10.1007/s10439-017-1826-4 |
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Abstract | Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is to assess the biomechanical properties of carefully selected cushioning materials and to establish the basis for patient-specific material optimisation. For this purpose, bespoke cushioning materials with qualitatively similar mechanical behaviour but different stiffness were produced. Healthy volunteers were asked to stand and walk on materials with varying stiffness and their capacity for pressure reduction was assessed. Mechanical testing using a surrogate heel model was employed to investigate the effect of loading on optimum stiffness. Results indicated that optimising the stiffness of cushioning materials improved pressure reduction during standing and walking by at least 16 and 19% respectively. Moreover, the optimum stiffness was strongly correlated to body mass (BM) and body mass index (BMI), with stiffer materials needed in the case of people with higher BM or BMI. Mechanical testing confirmed that optimum stiffness increases with the magnitude of compressive loading. For the first time, this study provides quantitative data to support the importance of stiffness optimisation in cushioning materials and sets the basis for methods to inform optimum material selection in the clinic. |
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AbstractList | Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is to assess the biomechanical properties of carefully selected cushioning materials and to establish the basis for patient-specific material optimisation. For this purpose, bespoke cushioning materials with qualitatively similar mechanical behaviour but different stiffness were produced. Healthy volunteers were asked to stand and walk on materials with varying stiffness and their capacity for pressure reduction was assessed. Mechanical testing using a surrogate heel model was employed to investigate the effect of loading on optimum stiffness. Results indicated that optimising the stiffness of cushioning materials improved pressure reduction during standing and walking by at least 16 and 19% respectively. Moreover, the optimum stiffness was strongly correlated to body mass (BM) and body mass index (BMI), with stiffer materials needed in the case of people with higher BM or BMI. Mechanical testing confirmed that optimum stiffness increases with the magnitude of compressive loading. For the first time, this study provides quantitative data to support the importance of stiffness optimisation in cushioning materials and sets the basis for methods to inform optimum material selection in the clinic. Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is to assess the biomechanical properties of carefully selected cushioning materials and to establish the basis for patient-specific material optimisation. For this purpose, bespoke cushioning materials with qualitatively similar mechanical behaviour but different stiffness were produced. Healthy volunteers were asked to stand and walk on materials with varying stiffness and their capacity for pressure reduction was assessed. Mechanical testing using a surrogate heel model was employed to investigate the effect of loading on optimum stiffness. Results indicated that optimising the stiffness of cushioning materials improved pressure reduction during standing and walking by at least 16 and 19% respectively. Moreover, the optimum stiffness was strongly correlated to body mass (BM) and body mass index (BMI), with stiffer materials needed in the case of people with higher BM or BMI. Mechanical testing confirmed that optimum stiffness increases with the magnitude of compressive loading. For the first time, this study provides quantitative data to support the importance of stiffness optimisation in cushioning materials and sets the basis for methods to inform optimum material selection in the clinic.Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is to assess the biomechanical properties of carefully selected cushioning materials and to establish the basis for patient-specific material optimisation. For this purpose, bespoke cushioning materials with qualitatively similar mechanical behaviour but different stiffness were produced. Healthy volunteers were asked to stand and walk on materials with varying stiffness and their capacity for pressure reduction was assessed. Mechanical testing using a surrogate heel model was employed to investigate the effect of loading on optimum stiffness. Results indicated that optimising the stiffness of cushioning materials improved pressure reduction during standing and walking by at least 16 and 19% respectively. Moreover, the optimum stiffness was strongly correlated to body mass (BM) and body mass index (BMI), with stiffer materials needed in the case of people with higher BM or BMI. Mechanical testing confirmed that optimum stiffness increases with the magnitude of compressive loading. For the first time, this study provides quantitative data to support the importance of stiffness optimisation in cushioning materials and sets the basis for methods to inform optimum material selection in the clinic. |
Author | Healy, Aoife Chatzistergos, Panagiotis E. Gerth, Peter Chockalingam, Nachiappan Naemi, Roozbeh |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Panagiotis E. surname: Chatzistergos fullname: Chatzistergos, Panagiotis E. email: Panagiotis.chatzistergos@staffs.ac.uk, pchatzistergos@gmail.com organization: School of Life Sciences and Education, Department of Sport and Exercise, Staffordshire University – sequence: 2 givenname: Roozbeh surname: Naemi fullname: Naemi, Roozbeh organization: School of Life Sciences and Education, Department of Sport and Exercise, Staffordshire University – sequence: 3 givenname: Aoife surname: Healy fullname: Healy, Aoife organization: School of Life Sciences and Education, Department of Sport and Exercise, Staffordshire University – sequence: 4 givenname: Peter surname: Gerth fullname: Gerth, Peter organization: Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences – sequence: 5 givenname: Nachiappan surname: Chockalingam fullname: Chockalingam, Nachiappan organization: School of Life Sciences and Education, Department of Sport and Exercise, Staffordshire University |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28484892$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | Biomechanics Clinical management Diabetic foot testing Pressure measurement Shoe Orthotic devices Polyurethane foam Insole In vivo testing |
Language | English |
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Snippet | Current selection of cushioning materials for therapeutic footwear and orthoses is based on empirical and anecdotal evidence. The aim of this investigation is... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Biochemistry Biological and Medical Physics Biomechanics Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Biomedicine Biophysics Body mass Body Mass Index Classical Mechanics Compressive Strength Computer-Aided Design Cushioning Diabetes Elastic Modulus Equipment Failure Analysis Female Foot diseases Foot Orthoses Footwear Humans Male Materials selection Materials Testing Mechanical properties Mechanical tests Optimization Orthoses Patient-Centered Care - methods Plantar pressure Polyurethanes - chemistry Pressure Pressure reduction Prosthesis Design Prosthesis Fitting - methods Reduction Stiffness Stress, Mechanical Walking |
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Title | Subject Specific Optimisation of the Stiffness of Footwear Material for Maximum Plantar Pressure Reduction |
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