Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Predicts Higher HbA1c Variability in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabet...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inDiabetes & metabolism journal Vol. 42; no. 6; pp. 496 - 512
Main Authors Yang, Yeoree, Lee, Eun-Young, Cho, Jae-Hyoung, Park, Yong-Moon, Ko, Seung-Hyun, Yoon, Kun-Ho, Kang, Moo-Il, Cha, Bong-Yun, Lee, Seung-Hwan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Korea (South) Korean Diabetes Association / Daehan Dangnyobyeong Hakoe 01.12.2018
Korean Diabetes Association
대한당뇨병학회
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2233-6079
2233-6087
2233-6087
DOI10.4093/dmj.2018.0026

Cover

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements.Results A total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%).Conclusion CAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.
AbstractList This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements. A total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%). CAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.
Background This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements.Results A total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%).Conclusion CAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.
This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BACKGROUNDThis study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements.METHODSIn this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements.A total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%).RESULTSA total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%).CAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.CONCLUSIONCAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.
BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements.ResultsA total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and anti-hypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%).ConclusionCAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term glucose fluctuation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) at baseline and at least 4-year of follow-up with ≥6 measures of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were included. The severity of CAN was categorized as normal, early, or severe CAN according to the CARTs score. HbA1c variability was measured as the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation, and adjusted SD of serial HbA1c measurements. Results: A total of 681 subjects were analyzed (294 normal, 318 early, and 69 severe CAN). The HbA1c variability index values showed a positive relationship with the severity of CAN. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CAN was significantly associated with the risk of developing higher HbA1c variability (SD) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, mean HbA1c, heart rate, glomerular filtration rate, diabetic retinopathy, coronary artery disease, insulin use, and antihypertensive medication (early CAN: odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.43) (severe CAN: OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.56). This association was more prominent in subjects who had a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years) and lower mean HbA1c (<7%). Conclusion: CAN is an independent risk factor for future higher HbA1c variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tailored therapy for stabilizing glucose fluctuation should be emphasized in subjects with CAN. KCI Citation Count: 9
Author Lee, Eun-Young
Lee, Seung-Hwan
Cha, Bong-Yun
Cho, Jae-Hyoung
Yang, Yeoree
Yoon, Kun-Ho
Kang, Moo-Il
Park, Yong-Moon
Ko, Seung-Hyun
AuthorAffiliation 4 Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
2 Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
3 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– name: 2 Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
– name: 4 Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– name: 3 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Yeoree
  surname: Yang
  fullname: Yang, Yeoree
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Eun-Young
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Eun-Young
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jae-Hyoung
  surname: Cho
  fullname: Cho, Jae-Hyoung
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yong-Moon
  surname: Park
  fullname: Park, Yong-Moon
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Seung-Hyun
  surname: Ko
  fullname: Ko, Seung-Hyun
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Kun-Ho
  surname: Yoon
  fullname: Yoon, Kun-Ho
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Moo-Il
  surname: Kang
  fullname: Kang, Moo-Il
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Bong-Yun
  surname: Cha
  fullname: Cha, Bong-Yun
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Seung-Hwan
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3964-3877
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Seung-Hwan
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30302965$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002414339$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
BookMark eNqFkktvEzEUhUeoiD7oki2yxIYuEvyahzdIUXgkUnkIAlvrju1JnE7Gwfa0yr_Hk5SIVkJ4Y-v6u0fn-vg8O-lcZ7LsBcFjjgV7ozfrMcWkGmNMiyfZGaWMjQpclSfHcylOs8sQ1jgtXuGyFM-yU4YZpqLIzzI3Ba-tu4Wg-hY8mvTRdW5jFfpseu-2EFc79NUbbVUMaGaXK-PRrJ4QhX6Ct1Db1sYdsh363tdrM0B3Nq7QYrc1iKJ3iTDRBPTJtAnsw_PsaQNtMJf3-0X248P7xXQ2uv7ycT6dXI9UTvI4Aq4IEGE0ZU1VEsC6qQBETrUSBOe8MIRpVWhWcVyJmpZcYUIaDhiUYA1nF9nVQbfzjbxRVjqw-33p5I2Xk2-LuWSV4ASzxM4PrHawlltvN-B3-4Z9wfmlBB-tao1sCsLyXOhkqOZNWVdlznItCGMqlXSRtMYHrb7bwu4O2vYoSLAcQpMpNDmEJofQUsPbQ8O2rzdGK9NFD-0DFw9vOrtKQ9zKgqVA-SDw-l7Au1-9CVFubFDpuaEzrg-SElJWRBSCJvTVI3Ttet-lHCSjpCy5wLRK1Mu_HR2t_Pk0CRgdAOVdCN40_x2RPeKVjRCtGway7T-6fgOVw-Q-
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1186_s12933_020_01168_4
crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0040_1718854
crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2019_00049
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12933_023_01875_8
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anr_2023_11_004
crossref_primary_10_3346_jkms_2023_38_e24
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2019_00458
crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_021_02896_3
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_3157841
Cites_doi 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405
10.1161/circulationaha.106.634949
10.1016/s1056-8727(00)00143-4
10.1210/jc.2016-2809
10.1152/ajpendo.90477.2008
10.4093/dmj.2015.39.4.273
10.1186/1475-2840-12-98
10.1186/s12933-015-0233-0
10.2337/diacare.8.5.491
10.2337/dc15-1188
10.2337/diabetes.46.5.814
10.1007/s00125-012-2700-4
10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61969-3
10.1016/0301-0082(89)90037-3
10.3803/enm.2013.28.2.125
10.1002/dmrr.1239
10.1016/j.numecd.2010.07.005
10.2337/dc13-1164
10.2337/diacare.21.11.1960
10.2337/dc14-0199
10.1136/bmj.287.6384.61-a
10.1007/s00125-006-0354-9
10.1007/s001250050585
10.2337/diacare.20.3.413
10.1007/s00125-007-0797-7
10.2337/diacare.19.10.1075
10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00207.x
10.1152/ajpendo.00408.2002
10.2337/dc10-1303
10.2337/db09-0693
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association.
2018. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association 2018 Korean Diabetes Association
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association.
– notice: 2018. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association 2018 Korean Diabetes Association
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
3V.
7RV
7X7
7XB
88E
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
K9.
KB0
M0S
M1P
NAPCQ
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
ADTOC
UNPAY
DOA
ACYCR
DOI 10.4093/dmj.2018.0026
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Nursing & Allied Health Database
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
Medical Database
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content
Unpaywall
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Korean Citation Index
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic


Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: UNPAY
  name: Unpaywall
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Access Repository
– sequence: 4
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 2233-6087
EndPage 512
ExternalDocumentID oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_3894103
oai_doaj_org_article_f613559da0db4f7b87535d9133ca0dd6
10.4093/dmj.2018.0026
PMC6300446
30302965
10_4093_dmj_2018_0026
Genre Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: National Research Foundation of Korea
  grantid: NRF-2018M-3A9E8021503
– fundername: ;
  grantid: NRF-2018M-3A9E8021503
GroupedDBID 5-W
5VS
7RV
7X7
88E
8FI
8FJ
8JR
8XY
9ZL
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABUWG
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AFKRA
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
BAWUL
BCNDV
BENPR
CCPQU
CITATION
DIK
EF.
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
HMCUK
HYE
IPNFZ
KQ8
M1P
M48
NAPCQ
O5R
O5S
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PPXIY
PSQYO
RIG
RPM
UKHRP
NPM
OK1
3V.
7XB
8FK
AZQEC
DWQXO
K9.
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
ADTOC
UNPAY
ACYCR
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-a4c1a19ed23f871a0df8aa952dc910546e13dc6d384089b274c011f4a0ac93f43
IEDL.DBID 7X7
ISSN 2233-6079
2233-6087
IngestDate Thu Jan 09 03:21:56 EST 2025
Wed Aug 27 01:25:00 EDT 2025
Sun Sep 07 11:26:44 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 17:52:50 EDT 2025
Fri Sep 05 12:08:52 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 09:50:17 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 23:00:50 EST 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:57:29 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 06:04:16 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Keywords Biological variation, individual
Diabetic neuropathies
Diabetes mellitus, type 2
Glycated hemoglobin A
Language English
License Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
cc-by-nc
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c515t-a4c1a19ed23f871a0df8aa952dc910546e13dc6d384089b274c011f4a0ac93f43
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-3964-3877
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/3217749028?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 30302965
PQID 3217749028
PQPubID 7191758
PageCount 17
ParticipantIDs nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_3894103
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_f613559da0db4f7b87535d9133ca0dd6
unpaywall_primary_10_4093_dmj_2018_0026
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6300446
proquest_miscellaneous_2117819692
proquest_journals_3217749028
pubmed_primary_30302965
crossref_primary_10_4093_dmj_2018_0026
crossref_citationtrail_10_4093_dmj_2018_0026
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2018-12-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2018-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2018
  text: 2018-12-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Korea (South)
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Korea (South)
– name: Sŏul
PublicationTitle Diabetes & metabolism journal
PublicationTitleAlternate Diabetes Metab J
PublicationYear 2018
Publisher Korean Diabetes Association / Daehan Dangnyobyeong Hakoe
Korean Diabetes Association
대한당뇨병학회
Publisher_xml – name: Korean Diabetes Association / Daehan Dangnyobyeong Hakoe
– name: Korean Diabetes Association
– name: 대한당뇨병학회
References ref35
ref12
ref15
ref14
ref36
ref31
ref30
ref11
ref33
ref10
ref32
ref1
ref17
ref16
ref19
ref18
Penno (ref13) 2013
(ref37) 1996
Kilpatrick (ref9) 2008
ref24
ref23
ref26
ref25
ref20
Jones (ref28) 1996
ref22
Maser (ref2) 2003
Prentki (ref34) 2006
ref27
ref29
ref8
ref7
ref4
ref3
ref6
ref5
Boulton (ref21) 2005
References_xml – ident: ref17
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405
– ident: ref1
  doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.634949
– ident: ref25
  doi: 10.1016/s1056-8727(00)00143-4
– ident: ref27
  doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-2809
– start-page: 873
  volume-title: Assessment: clinical autonomic testing report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
  year: 1996
  ident: ref37
– ident: ref33
  doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.90477.2008
– ident: ref10
  doi: 10.4093/dmj.2015.39.4.273
– ident: ref31
  doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-98
– ident: ref35
  doi: 10.1186/s12933-015-0233-0
– ident: ref19
  doi: 10.2337/diacare.8.5.491
– ident: ref8
  doi: 10.2337/dc15-1188
– ident: ref7
  doi: 10.2337/diabetes.46.5.814
– ident: ref12
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-012-2700-4
– ident: ref18
  doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61969-3
– ident: ref23
  doi: 10.1016/0301-0082(89)90037-3
– start-page: 1643
  volume-title: Gastric emptying in early noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
  year: 1996
  ident: ref28
– ident: ref16
  doi: 10.3803/enm.2013.28.2.125
– ident: ref3
  doi: 10.1002/dmrr.1239
– ident: ref36
  doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.07.005
– start-page: 2198
  volume-title: A1C variability and the risk of microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes: data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
  year: 2008
  ident: ref9
– start-page: 2301
  volume-title: HbA1c variability as an independent correlate of nephropathy, but not retinopathy, in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Italian multicenter study
  year: 2013
  ident: ref13
– ident: ref6
  doi: 10.2337/dc13-1164
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.11.1960
– ident: ref15
  doi: 10.2337/dc14-0199
– start-page: 956
  volume-title: Diabetic neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association
  year: 2005
  ident: ref21
– start-page: 1802
  volume-title: Islet beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes
  year: 2006
  ident: ref34
– ident: ref20
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.287.6384.61-a
– ident: ref26
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-006-0354-9
– ident: ref4
  doi: 10.1007/s001250050585
– ident: ref30
  doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.3.413
– ident: ref14
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0797-7
– ident: ref24
  doi: 10.2337/diacare.19.10.1075
– ident: ref29
  doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00207.x
– ident: ref32
  doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00408.2002
– start-page: 1895
  volume-title: The association between cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and mortality in individuals with diabetes: a meta-analysis
  year: 2003
  ident: ref2
– ident: ref22
  doi: 10.2337/dc10-1303
– ident: ref11
  doi: 10.2337/db09-0693
SSID ssj0000480779
Score 2.2017798
Snippet Background This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of...
This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of long-term...
BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of...
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and development of...
SourceID nrf
doaj
unpaywall
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 496
SubjectTerms Biological variation, individual
Blood diseases
Body mass index
Cardiovascular disease
Coronary vessels
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus, type 2
Diabetic neuropathies
Diabetic retinopathy
Drug dosages
Glucose
Glycated hemoglobin A
Heart attacks
Heart rate
Hypoglycemia
Insulin
Mortality
Original
Outpatient care facilities
Risk factors
Statistical analysis
내과학
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELZQD8AF8SZQkEEILkTN2o6THJeKakFaxIGi3iw_Yrp0yVabRGj_PTN2Gm3E68IpUuJEyczY833O-DMhLwsJOYjVJuW2YKlwTEKXKkXqwf11bowvNC5OXn6Ui1Px4Sw_29vqC2vCojxwNNyRh3wDqNfpzBnhC4P4OncVUCsLp1wQ24Y0tkemwhiMK6WD0B6kP57KrKiiwCbQGX7kvn_Doq5QRSknCSno9kOaabb-d5Dz18rJG31zqXc_9Hq9l5ZObpNbA56k8_gdd8i1urlLri-HP-b3yOZ4UnBK530XVyLTIMuBGxLv6Kcttu9aGqs-6MLMZ5Z-ARodVbx3dNVQGGJwzqalOHVLkb9SRoeCmpYuUdiz69v75PTk3efjRTpsspBagDJdqoWd6VlVO8Y9kCewqS-1rnLmLHgxF7KecWel48AEy8oAibUwJHihM20r7gV_QA6aTVM_IlTibFJhTVlrITJbanwgK6xkgFN8bhLy5srSyg4K5LgRxloBE0HHKHCMQscodExCXo3NL6P0xp8avkW3jY1QMTucgDhSQxypf8VRQl6A09WFXYX78fh1oy62CnjFewWwTswynpDDq5hQQ19vFQdWVwhUwUnI8_Ey9FL89aKbetO3Cmh2UaISEUvIwxhC4-sCiMhYJfOEFJPgmnzP9EqzOg9K4EEvTcC7vx7D8O-mevw_TPWE3MQHxqKeQ3LQbfv6KUCzzjwLvfAnS0wztA
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access
  dbid: M48
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwELfGkGAviG8CAxmExgvZEsexkydUJqaCVMQDRXuzHCceZV3S5UPQ_547J42oNvZUKblase_su599_h0hb6UAH8SKzI-MZD7PmYAplXDfgvqLOMus1Hg5efZVTOf8y2l8ukM2ebrDADbXQjusJzWvl4d_LtcfYMJD_HoI6CQ6yi9-YY6WS4oUB6tLH2tK4dnrUGDjFrkNfoqhzc-G4N-t03ib2pHxgYuMfBHItCfhvNroltNy3P7gisraXheWXs2uvNuVK73-rZfLf1zXyX1yb4g56aQ3kgdkpygfkjuz4VT9EamOt5JS6aRr-9vK1FF3YNHiNf1Wo3zb0D4zhE6zSWjoD4DaPdP3mi5KCssQ7us0FLd3KWJcyuiQdNPQGZJ_tl3zmMxPPn0_nvpDIQbfQLjT-pqbUIdpkbPIAsDSQW4TrdOY5QY0HXNRhFFuRB4BWkzSDICugWXDch1ok0aWR0_IblmVxTNCBe44SZMlheY8MInGBpk0gkEsY-PMI-83I63MwFKOxTKWCtAKKkaBYhQqRqFiPHIwiq96eo7_CX5EtY1CyKrtHlT1mRomqbIQ2wDCyqGDGbcyQywX5ynAeAOPcmjkDShdnZuF-z_-nlXqvFaAPT4rCP14GEQe2d_YhNqYs4oA-UmOTDkeeT2-hpmMxzO6LKquUQDFZYJsRcwjT3sTGj8XAo2ApSL2iNwyrq3-bL8pFz8dW7jjVOPw7e9GM7x5qJ7f3IEXZA9F-5SefbLb1l3xEgKzNnvl5tdfpn81Lw
  priority: 102
  providerName: Scholars Portal
– databaseName: Unpaywall
  dbid: UNPAY
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3db9MwELegk4AXvhmBgQxC8EJGYjt28lgmqoLUaQ8UjSfLdhLoWtKpSYTKX89dkkYL4-spUXKJ7LuzfT_7_DMhL5SEMYhl1udOMV-kTEKTioWfg_mzyNpcGdycPDuW07n4cBqddkk0uBfmwvo9IA_-Jv12hvlXTcKjvEr2JK4jjcje_Phk_BkPjmOc-zJoOPW6-1i1XJqXvx-MPQ1FP4woxSb_XXR5OUnyel2cm-13s1pdGIEmt8hkV_Y28WR5WFf20P34hdbxn5W7TW52MSgdt05zh1zJirvk2qxbZb9H1keDJFU6rqt29zJtqDzwEOMtPdmgfFXSNlOETu04dPQTQO-W-XtLFwWFbgnneUqK070UMS9ltEvCKekMyUCrurxP5pN3H4-mfncwg-8g_Kl8I1xowiRLGc8BcJkgzWNjkoilDiwfCZmFPHUy5YAe48QC8HXQjeTCBMYlPBf8ARkV6yJ7SKjEGSjlbJwZIQIXG_whU04yiG3yyHrk9c5k2nWs5Xh4xkoDekElalCiRiVqVKJHXvbi5y1dx58E36L9eyFk2W4egH1012h1DrEOIK4UKmhFrixiuyhNANY7eJTCT56D9-ilWzTf4_XLWi83GrDIew2hoAgD7pGDnXPprn8oNQckqAQy53jkWf8aWjYu15giW9elBmiuYmQvYh7Zb32xLy4EHgFLZOQRNfDSQX2Gb4rF14Y9vOFYE1D2V70__11Vj_5b8jG5gfdtts8BGVWbOnsCMVtln3Yt9idmnjmX
  priority: 102
  providerName: Unpaywall
Title Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Predicts Higher HbA1c Variability in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30302965
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3217749028
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2117819692
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6300446
https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0026
https://doaj.org/article/f613559da0db4f7b87535d9133ca0dd6
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002414339
UnpaywallVersion publishedVersion
Volume 42
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
ispartofPNX Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 2018, 42(6), 170, pp.496-512
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAFT
  databaseName: Open Access Digital Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: KQ8
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html
  providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
– providerCode: PRVAFT
  databaseName: Open Access Digital Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: KQ8
  dateStart: 19910101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html
  providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
– providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 19910101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVEBS
  databaseName: EBSCOhost Academic Search Ultimate
  customDbUrl: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s3936755&profile=ehost&defaultdb=asn
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: ABDBF
  dateStart: 20120601
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=asn
  providerName: EBSCOhost
– providerCode: PRVBFR
  databaseName: Free Medical Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: DIK
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com
  providerName: Flying Publisher
– providerCode: PRVERR
  databaseName: KoreaMed Open Access
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: 5-W
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://koreamed.org/journals
  providerName: Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors
– providerCode: PRVAQN
  databaseName: PubMed Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: RPM
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
  providerName: National Library of Medicine
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20100201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20100201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVFZP
  databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-6087
  dateEnd: 20250930
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000480779
  issn: 2233-6079
  databaseCode: M48
  dateStart: 20110201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://journals.scholarsportal.info
  providerName: Scholars Portal
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lj9MwELZgKwEXxHMJLJVBCC5Em4cTJyfUXe2qgFoVRFE5WY6dLGVLUvIQ6r9nxkkDEbAXV0rcKM7MeOYbjz8T8oKH4IO8NLF9xT2baS8Ek4qYnYH40yBJMi5xc_JsHk6X7N0qWHUJt6orq9zPiWai1oXCHPmxD7EzZ8g18mb7w8ZTo3B1tTtC4zoZuRCqoFbzFe9zLGa_tKHbAyfo26HD45ZmE0CNf6y_f8PSLlNLGQ7ckmHvB2eTl9m_As-_6ydvNvlW7n7KzeYP53R-h9zuoko6adXgLrmW5vfIjVm3bn6fFKeDslM6aep2PzI15Bx4LPGOLkrsX1e0rf2g02TiKvoZwHTL5b2j65zCRIOZm4piApciiqUe7cpqKjpDes-6qR6Q5fnZp9Op3R21YCsIaGpbMuVKN06152cAoaSjs0jKOPC0AlkGLExdX6tQ-4AHozgBKKtgYsiYdKSK_Yz5D8lBXuTpI0JDzClxlUSpZMxRkcQHelyFHkQrWZBY5PX-SwvV8ZDjcRgbAXgEBSNAMAIFI1AwFnnZd9-2BBz_63iCYus7IW-2uVCUF6IzQ5FB9AIYSsMAE5bxBNFaoGMA6gouaXjIcxC6uFRr83_8vSjEZSkAXbwVENwx1_EtcrTXCdFZfCV-66dFnvW3wVZxAUbmadFUAsA2j5CPyLPIYatC_etCKOF4cRhYhA-UazCe4Z18_dXwgRvWNAbv_qpXw6s_1eOrB_CE3MKubdHOETmoyyZ9CqFXnYyNfY3J6ORsvvg4NgkMaN9_iKCdMWhHy_li8uUXOQIxKw
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELZKkSgXxJtAAYN4XBo1sZ04OSC0FKpd2q04tGhvxnGSsnRJliSrav8Uv5EZJxtYAb31FClxrDgz45nPHn9DyAsZgg9iWeJyI5krUhaCSUXCzUH8WZAkudR4OHl8FA5PxMdJMNkgP1dnYTCtcjUn2ok6LQ2uke9yiJ2lQK6Rt_MfLlaNwt3VVQmNVi0OsuU5QLb6zeg9yPclY_sfjveGbldVwDXguxtXC-NrP85SxnNAC9pL80jrOGCpgc8ORJj5PDVhygH6RHECqM2ADeRCe9rEPBcc-r1CrgruCeTqlxPZr-nY89mW3g-cLndDT8YtrSeAKL6bfv-GqWQ2dzNcc4O2WgA4t6LK_xXo_p2vubUo5np5rmezP5zh_k1yo4ti6aBVu1tkIytuk2vjbp_-Din31tJc6WDRtOefqSUDwTLIS_qpwvZNTdtcEzpMBr6hnwG8t9zhSzotKExsuFJUU1wwpoiaKaNdGk9Nx0gn2izqu-TkUoRwj2wWZZE9IDTENSxpkijTQngm0tghkyZkEB3lQeKQndWfVqbjPcfyGzMF-AcFo0AwCgWjUDAOedU3n7eEH_9r-A7F1jdCnm57o6xOVWf2KodoCTBbCgNMRC4TRIdBGvucG7iVQifPQejqzEzt-3g9LdVZpQDNjBQEk8L3uEO2VzqhuhmmVr_twSHP-scwN-CGjy6yclErAPcyQv4j5pD7rQr1nwuhi8fiMHCIXFOutfGsPymmXy3_uGVpE_Dtr3s1vPhXPbx4AE_J1vB4fKgOR0cHj8h1fK1NGNomm021yB5D2NckT6ytUfLlso37F9O7Z5M
linkToUnpaywall http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3db9MwELegk4AXvhmBgQxC8EJGYjt28lgmqoLUaQ8UjSfLdhLoWtKpSYTKX89dkkYL4-spUXKJ7LuzfT_7_DMhL5SEMYhl1udOMV-kTEKTioWfg_mzyNpcGdycPDuW07n4cBqddkk0uBfmwvo9IA_-Jv12hvlXTcKjvEr2JK4jjcje_Phk_BkPjmOc-zJoOPW6-1i1XJqXvx-MPQ1FP4woxSb_XXR5OUnyel2cm-13s1pdGIEmt8hkV_Y28WR5WFf20P34hdbxn5W7TW52MSgdt05zh1zJirvk2qxbZb9H1keDJFU6rqt29zJtqDzwEOMtPdmgfFXSNlOETu04dPQTQO-W-XtLFwWFbgnneUqK070UMS9ltEvCKekMyUCrurxP5pN3H4-mfncwg-8g_Kl8I1xowiRLGc8BcJkgzWNjkoilDiwfCZmFPHUy5YAe48QC8HXQjeTCBMYlPBf8ARkV6yJ7SKjEGSjlbJwZIQIXG_whU04yiG3yyHrk9c5k2nWs5Xh4xkoDekElalCiRiVqVKJHXvbi5y1dx58E36L9eyFk2W4egH1012h1DrEOIK4UKmhFrixiuyhNANY7eJTCT56D9-ilWzTf4_XLWi83GrDIew2hoAgD7pGDnXPprn8oNQckqAQy53jkWf8aWjYu15giW9elBmiuYmQvYh7Zb32xLy4EHgFLZOQRNfDSQX2Gb4rF14Y9vOFYE1D2V70__11Vj_5b8jG5gfdtts8BGVWbOnsCMVtln3Yt9idmnjmX
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+Autonomic+Neuropathy+Predicts+Higher+HbA1c+Variability+in+Subjects+with+Type+2+Diabetes+Mellitus&rft.jtitle=Diabetes+%26+metabolism+journal&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yeoree&rft.au=Eun-Young%2C+Lee&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jae-Hyoung&rft.au=Yong-Moon%2C+Park&rft.date=2018-12-01&rft.pub=Korean+Diabetes+Association+%2F+Daehan+Dangnyobyeong+Hakoe&rft.issn=2233-6079&rft.eissn=2233-6087&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=496&rft_id=info:doi/10.4093%2Fdmj.2018.0026
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2233-6079&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2233-6079&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2233-6079&client=summon