Structural brain changes in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction
Objective This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Methods COVID‐19 patients were evaluated using T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COV...
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| Published in | Annals of clinical and translational neurology Vol. 10; no. 2; pp. 195 - 203 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.02.2023
John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2328-9503 2328-9503 |
| DOI | 10.1002/acn3.51710 |
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| Abstract | Objective
This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).
Methods
COVID‐19 patients were evaluated using T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID‐19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel‐based morphometry was performed using FSL‐VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract‐based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores.
Results
Forty‐eight COVID‐19 patients were included in the study. Twenty‐three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p‐value ≤0.05 FWE‐corrected).
Interpretation
There is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory‐related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
COVID-19 patients were evaluated using T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed using FSL-VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract-based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores.
Forty-eight COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Twenty-three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p-value ≤0.05 FWE-corrected).
There is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory-related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post-acute COVID-19 patients. ObjectiveThis research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsCOVID-19 patients were evaluated using T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed using FSL-VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract-based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores.ResultsForty-eight COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Twenty-three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p-value ≤0.05 FWE-corrected).InterpretationThere is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory-related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post-acute COVID-19 patients. Abstract Objective This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Methods COVID‐19 patients were evaluated using T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID‐19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel‐based morphometry was performed using FSL‐VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract‐based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores. Results Forty‐eight COVID‐19 patients were included in the study. Twenty‐three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p‐value ≤0.05 FWE‐corrected). Interpretation There is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory‐related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients. Objective This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Methods COVID‐19 patients were evaluated using T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID‐19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel‐based morphometry was performed using FSL‐VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract‐based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores. Results Forty‐eight COVID‐19 patients were included in the study. Twenty‐three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p‐value ≤0.05 FWE‐corrected). Interpretation There is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory‐related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients. This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).OBJECTIVEThis research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).COVID-19 patients were evaluated using T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed using FSL-VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract-based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores.METHODSCOVID-19 patients were evaluated using T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed using FSL-VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract-based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores.Forty-eight COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Twenty-three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p-value ≤0.05 FWE-corrected).RESULTSForty-eight COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Twenty-three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the normal olfaction group. The UPSIT scores for the whole sample were negatively associated with both MD and RD values (p-value ≤0.05 FWE-corrected).There is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory-related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post-acute COVID-19 patients.INTERPRETATIONThere is decreased GM volume and increased MD in olfactory-related regions explaining prolonged olfactory deficits in post-acute COVID-19 patients. |
| Author | Lledó, Gema Junqué, Carme Botí, María Ángeles Sala‐Llonch, Roser Segura, Bàrbara Campabadal, Anna Guillen, Núria Oltra, Javier Bargalló, Nuria Sánchez‐Valle, Raquel Monté‐Rubio, Gemma C. Rami, Lorena |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain 2 Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona Spain 5 Autoimmune Diseases Service Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain 6 Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge (CDI) Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain 3 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain 4 Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain – name: 6 Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge (CDI) Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain – name: 3 Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain – name: 1 Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain – name: 2 Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona Spain – name: 5 Autoimmune Diseases Service Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36525472$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).... This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19... ObjectiveThis research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019... This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).OBJECTIVEThis... Abstract Objective This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019... |
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| SubjectTerms | Alzheimer's disease Amygdala Automation Brain - diagnostic imaging Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - diagnostic imaging COVID-19 Testing Diffusion Tensor Imaging - methods Hospitals Humans Infections Magnetic resonance imaging Medical imaging Morphology Neuroimaging Olfaction disorders Olfaction Disorders - diagnostic imaging Olfaction Disorders - etiology Patients Registration Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Smell Software |
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| Title | Structural brain changes in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction |
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