Effect of thermal treatment on the swelling and surface roughness of common alder and wych elm wood
Wood heat treatment has increased signifi- cantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder （Alnus glutinosa （L.） Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa） and wych elm （Ulmus glabra Huds.） woods...
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| Published in | Journal of forestry research Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 225 - 229 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Harbin
Northeast Forestry University
01.02.2016
Springer Program of Furniture and Decoration,Duzce Vocational School,Duzce University,Düzce,Turkey%Department of Forest Industry Engineering,Faculty of Forestry,Duzce University,Düzce,Turkey |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1007-662X 1993-0607 1993-0607 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11676-015-0136-7 |
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| Abstract | Wood heat treatment has increased signifi- cantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder （Alnus glutinosa （L.） Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa） and wych elm （Ulmus glabra Huds.） woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 ℃ and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface char- acteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile （Ra）, mean peak-to-valley height （Rz）, root mean square roughness （Rq）, and maximum roughness （Ry） were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters （Ra, Rz, Ry, and Rq） differed significantly for two temper- atures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treat- ment temperature and treatment times. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Wood heat treatment has increased significantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.) woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 °C and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (R.sub.a), mean peak-to-valley height (R.sub.z), root mean square roughness (R.sub.q), and maximum roughness (R.sub.y) were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters (R.sub.a, R.sub.z, R.sub.y, and R.sub.q) differed significantly for two temperatures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treatment temperature and treatment times. Wood heat treatment has increased significantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.) woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 °C and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (R ₐ), mean peak-to-valley height (R z), root mean square roughness (R q), and maximum roughness (R y) were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters (R ₐ, R z, R y, and R q) differed significantly for two temperatures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treatment temperature and treatment times. Wood heat treatment has increased signifi- cantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder （Alnus glutinosa （L.） Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa） and wych elm （Ulmus glabra Huds.） woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 ℃ and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface char- acteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile （Ra）, mean peak-to-valley height （Rz）, root mean square roughness （Rq）, and maximum roughness （Ry） were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters （Ra, Rz, Ry, and Rq） differed significantly for two temper- atures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treat- ment temperature and treatment times. Wood heat treatment has increased significantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder ( Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. ssp. glutinosa ) and wych elm ( Ulmus glabra Huds.) woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 °C and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile ( R a ), mean peak-to-valley height ( R z ), root mean square roughness ( R q ), and maximum roughness ( R y ) were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters ( R a , R z , R y , and R q ) differed significantly for two temperatures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treatment temperature and treatment times. Wood heat treatment has increased significantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.) woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 °C and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (R ₐ), mean peak-to-valley height (R z), root mean square roughness (R q), and maximum roughness (R y) were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters (R ₐ, R z, R y, and R q) differed significantly for two temperatures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treatment temperature and treatment times. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Aytin, Ayhan Korkut, Süleyman |
| AuthorAffiliation | Program of Furniture and Decoration, Duzce Vocationa/School, Duzce University, Diizce, Turkey Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty ofForestry, Duzce University, Diizce, Turkey |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s00226-012-0479-6 10.1007/s001070050287 10.1002/0470021748 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.043 10.15376/biores.3.1.142-154 |
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| Keywords | Heat treatment Surface roughness Swelling Wych elm Common alder |
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| Notes | Wood heat treatment has increased signifi- cantly in recent years and is still growing as an industrial process to improve some wood properties. We studied the change of swellingand surface roughness of common alder （Alnus glutinosa （L.） Gaertn. ssp.glutinosa） and wych elm （Ulmus glabra Huds.） woods after heat treatment at two different temperatures and durations. The temperatures were 180 and 200 ℃ and the durations were 2 and 4 h. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface char- acteristics of the samples. Roughness measurements by the stylus method were made in the direction perpendicular to the fiber on the wood surface. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile （Ra）, mean peak-to-valley height （Rz）, root mean square roughness （Rq）, and maximum roughness （Ry） were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Swelling and surface roughness parameters （Ra, Rz, Ry, and Rq） differed significantly for two temper- atures and two durations of heat treatment. Swelling and surface roughness values decreased with increasing treat- ment temperature and treatment times. Heat treatment; Swelling; Surfaceroughness. Common alder ;Wych elm 23-1409/S http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-015-0136-7 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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| Publisher | Northeast Forestry University Springer Program of Furniture and Decoration,Duzce Vocational School,Duzce University,Düzce,Turkey%Department of Forest Industry Engineering,Faculty of Forestry,Duzce University,Düzce,Turkey |
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| References_xml | – ident: CR18 – volume: 46 start-page: 1215 year: 2012 end-page: 1237 ident: CR6 article-title: Changes in wettability of heat-treated wood due to artificial weathering publication-title: Wood Sci Technol doi: 10.1007/s00226-012-0479-6 – ident: CR3 – ident: CR14 – volume: 56 start-page: 149 year: 1998 end-page: 153 ident: CR15 article-title: Characterisation of thermaly modified wood: molecular reasons for wood performance improvement publication-title: Holz Roh-Werkst doi: 10.1007/s001070050287 – ident: CR16 – ident: CR17 – ident: CR10 – ident: CR11 – ident: CR9 – ident: CR7 – ident: CR8 – volume: 3 start-page: 142 issue: 1 year: 2008 end-page: 154 ident: CR4 article-title: Pine wood modification by heat treatment In air publication-title: BioResources – volume: 13 start-page: 299 issue: 6 year: 1963 end-page: 304 ident: CR13 article-title: Surface texture measurement publication-title: For Prod J – year: 2006 ident: CR5 publication-title: Wood modification: chemical, thermal and other processes doi: 10.1002/0470021748 – volume: 12 start-page: 182 issue: 2 year: 2006 end-page: 188 ident: CR1 article-title: The density and shrinkage behavior of wood submitted to different temperatures of thermoretification publication-title: Cerne Lavras – start-page: 646 year: 1982 ident: CR2 article-title: Ulmus publication-title: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands – volume: 99 start-page: 2846 year: 2008 end-page: 2851 ident: CR12 article-title: The effects of heat treatment on physical properties and surface roughness of red-bud maple ( Medw.) wood publication-title: Bioresour Technol doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.043 – volume: 3 start-page: 142 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: 136_CR4 publication-title: BioResources doi: 10.15376/biores.3.1.142-154 – ident: 136_CR8 – ident: 136_CR18 – ident: 136_CR17 – start-page: 646 volume-title: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands year: 1982 ident: 136_CR2 – volume: 12 start-page: 182 issue: 2 year: 2006 ident: 136_CR1 publication-title: Cerne Lavras – ident: 136_CR16 – ident: 136_CR3 – ident: 136_CR9 – ident: 136_CR7 – volume: 13 start-page: 299 issue: 6 year: 1963 ident: 136_CR13 publication-title: For Prod J – volume: 46 start-page: 1215 year: 2012 ident: 136_CR6 publication-title: Wood Sci Technol doi: 10.1007/s00226-012-0479-6 – ident: 136_CR11 – ident: 136_CR14 – volume-title: Wood modification: chemical, thermal and other processes year: 2006 ident: 136_CR5 doi: 10.1002/0470021748 – volume: 99 start-page: 2846 year: 2008 ident: 136_CR12 publication-title: Bioresour Technol doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.043 – ident: 136_CR10 – volume: 56 start-page: 149 year: 1998 ident: 136_CR15 publication-title: Holz Roh-Werkst doi: 10.1007/s001070050287 |
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| SubjectTerms | Alnus glutinosa Biomedical and Life Sciences Forestry heat treatment Life Sciences Original Paper roughness surface roughness temperature Ulmus glabra wood wood fibers wood properties 均方根粗糙度 平均偏差 持续时间 木材性质 热处理 肿胀 表面特性 表面粗糙度值 |
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| Title | Effect of thermal treatment on the swelling and surface roughness of common alder and wych elm wood |
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