Modelling groundwater pollutant transfer mineral micropollutants in a multi-layered aquifer in Burkina Faso (West African Sahel)

In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality....

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Published inHeliyon Vol. 10; no. 1; p. e23557
Main Authors Faye, Moussa Diagne, Loyara, Vini Yves Bernadin, Biaou, Angelbert Chabi, Yonaba, Roland, Koita, Mahamadou, Yacouba, Hamma
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 15.01.2024
Elsevier
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2405-8440
2405-8440
DOI10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23557

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Abstract In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality. In addition, withdrawals for irrigation alone are estimated at 85%, i.e. 46% of the water demand, heightening the deterioration in quality while creating depression zones further leading to an increase in recharge. It is therefore critical to understand the evolution and fate of the transfer of pollutants in such environments. In this study, we aimed to model the transfer of pollutant and predict the future state of pollution using the MT3D-USGS Groundwater Solute Transport Simulator code through the Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) over the period 2012–2062 (50 years). A mathematical model is further developed through inferential statistics and used as a surrogate model for comparison. The results showed that deterioration in water quality was more attributable to withdrawals, especially for Cyanide (Cn) and Arsenic (As). A rather slow degradation is reported for Lead (Pb), which extends over 22 km, and Fluoride (F), which extends from 4 to 10 km due to localized recharge. A faster degradation for Cn over a distance of 2–16 km and as from 3 to 11 km is also observed because of the geological setting of the subsoil. These results might assist decision-makers for the quantitative and qualitative management of groundwater resources, and the management of the basement aquifer in the area through the establishment of protection zones.
AbstractList In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality. In addition, withdrawals for irrigation alone are estimated at 85%, i.e. 46% of the water demand, heightening the deterioration in quality while creating depression zones further leading to an increase in recharge. It is therefore critical to understand the evolution and fate of the transfer of pollutants in such environments. In this study, we aimed to model the transfer of pollutant and predict the future state of pollution using the MT3D-USGS Groundwater Solute Transport Simulator code through the Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) over the period 2012–2062 (50 years). A mathematical model is further developed through inferential statistics and used as a surrogate model for comparison. The results showed that deterioration in water quality was more attributable to withdrawals, especially for Cyanide (Cn) and Arsenic (As). A rather slow degradation is reported for Lead (Pb), which extends over 22 km, and Fluoride (F), which extends from 4 to 10 km due to localized recharge. A faster degradation for Cn over a distance of 2–16 km and as from 3 to 11 km is also observed because of the geological setting of the subsoil. These results might assist decision-makers for the quantitative and qualitative management of groundwater resources, and the management of the basement aquifer in the area through the establishment of protection zones.
In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality. In addition, withdrawals for irrigation alone are estimated at 85%, i.e. 46% of the water demand, heightening the deterioration in quality while creating depression zones further leading to an increase in recharge. It is therefore critical to understand the evolution and fate of the transfer of pollutants in such environments. In this study, we aimed to model the transfer of pollutant and predict the future state of pollution using the MT3D-USGS Groundwater Solute Transport Simulator code through the Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) over the period 2012-2062 (50 years). A mathematical model is further developed through inferential statistics and used as a surrogate model for comparison. The results showed that deterioration in water quality was more attributable to withdrawals, especially for Cyanide (Cn) and Arsenic (As). A rather slow degradation is reported for Lead (Pb), which extends over 22 km, and Fluoride (F), which extends from 4 to 10 km due to localized recharge. A faster degradation for Cn over a distance of 2-16 km and as from 3 to 11 km is also observed because of the geological setting of the subsoil. These results might assist decision-makers for the quantitative and qualitative management of groundwater resources, and the management of the basement aquifer in the area through the establishment of protection zones.
In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality. In addition, withdrawals for irrigation alone are estimated at 85%, i.e. 46% of the water demand, heightening the deterioration in quality while creating depression zones further leading to an increase in recharge. It is therefore critical to understand the evolution and fate of the transfer of pollutants in such environments. In this study, we aimed to model the transfer of pollutant and predict the future state of pollution using the MT3D-USGS Groundwater Solute Transport Simulator code through the Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) over the period 2012-2062 (50 years). A mathematical model is further developed through inferential statistics and used as a surrogate model for comparison. The results showed that deterioration in water quality was more attributable to withdrawals, especially for Cyanide (Cn) and Arsenic (As). A rather slow degradation is reported for Lead (Pb), which extends over 22 km, and Fluoride (F), which extends from 4 to 10 km due to localized recharge. A faster degradation for Cn over a distance of 2-16 km and as from 3 to 11 km is also observed because of the geological setting of the subsoil. These results might assist decision-makers for the quantitative and qualitative management of groundwater resources, and the management of the basement aquifer in the area through the establishment of protection zones.In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of boreholes are subject to point source pollution. The assessment of the evolution of such pollution should be monitored to assess groundwater quality. In addition, withdrawals for irrigation alone are estimated at 85%, i.e. 46% of the water demand, heightening the deterioration in quality while creating depression zones further leading to an increase in recharge. It is therefore critical to understand the evolution and fate of the transfer of pollutants in such environments. In this study, we aimed to model the transfer of pollutant and predict the future state of pollution using the MT3D-USGS Groundwater Solute Transport Simulator code through the Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) over the period 2012-2062 (50 years). A mathematical model is further developed through inferential statistics and used as a surrogate model for comparison. The results showed that deterioration in water quality was more attributable to withdrawals, especially for Cyanide (Cn) and Arsenic (As). A rather slow degradation is reported for Lead (Pb), which extends over 22 km, and Fluoride (F), which extends from 4 to 10 km due to localized recharge. A faster degradation for Cn over a distance of 2-16 km and as from 3 to 11 km is also observed because of the geological setting of the subsoil. These results might assist decision-makers for the quantitative and qualitative management of groundwater resources, and the management of the basement aquifer in the area through the establishment of protection zones.
ArticleNumber e23557
Author Loyara, Vini Yves Bernadin
Biaou, Angelbert Chabi
Faye, Moussa Diagne
Koita, Mahamadou
Yonaba, Roland
Yacouba, Hamma
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Keywords Groundwater modelling
Micropollutants
Inferential statistics
MT3D
Multi-layered aquifer
Water quality
Language English
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Snippet In Burkina Faso, human activities around water points in rural areas affect groundwater resources, which become unfit for consumption. Nearly 33.5% of...
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SubjectTerms aquifers
arsenic
Burkina Faso
computer software
cyanides
decision making
evolution
fluorides
groundwater
Groundwater modelling
humans
Inferential statistics
irrigation
mathematical models
Micropollutants
MT3D
Multi-layered aquifer
point source pollution
pollutants
Sahel
solutes
statistics
subsoil
Water quality
Title Modelling groundwater pollutant transfer mineral micropollutants in a multi-layered aquifer in Burkina Faso (West African Sahel)
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23557
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38187291
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