The many “costs” of transportation: Examining what cancer caregivers experience as transportation obstacles

Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6‐month period of providing end‐of‐life care to a family member or friend....

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Published inCancer medicine (Malden, MA) Vol. 12; no. 16; pp. 17356 - 17364
Main Authors Thomson, Maria D., Van Houtven, Courtney Harold, Xu, Rebecca, Siminoff, Laura A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.08.2023
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2045-7634
2045-7634
DOI10.1002/cam4.6351

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Abstract Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6‐month period of providing end‐of‐life care to a family member or friend. Methods This was a multi‐site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver–patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi‐structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics. Results Over the 6‐month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level. Conclusions Caregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual‐level intervention.
AbstractList Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6-month period of providing end-of-life care to a family member or friend. This was a multi-site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver-patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi-structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics. Over the 6-month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level. Caregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual-level intervention.
BackgroundTransportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6-month period of providing end-of-life care to a family member or friend.MethodsThis was a multi-site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver–patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi-structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics.ResultsOver the 6-month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level.ConclusionsCaregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual-level intervention.
Abstract Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6‐month period of providing end‐of‐life care to a family member or friend. Methods This was a multi‐site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver–patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi‐structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics. Results Over the 6‐month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level. Conclusions Caregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual‐level intervention.
Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6‐month period of providing end‐of‐life care to a family member or friend. Methods This was a multi‐site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver–patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi‐structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics. Results Over the 6‐month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level. Conclusions Caregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual‐level intervention.
Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6-month period of providing end-of-life care to a family member or friend.BACKGROUNDTransportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and objectives costs associated with transportation over a 6-month period of providing end-of-life care to a family member or friend.This was a multi-site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver-patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi-structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics.METHODSThis was a multi-site longitudinal, prospective cohort study that followed 223 caregiver-patient dyads. Data were collected using biweekly, semi-structured interviews for up to 6 months and collection of all caregiving related receipts. Interviews were coded and analyzed using a comparative, iterative analysis and actual out of pockets costs were described using descriptive statistics.Over the 6-month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level.RESULTSOver the 6-month study period most caregivers (n = 143; 74%) discussed transportation at one or more timepoints. Average biweekly transportations costs to caregivers were $43.6. Caregivers described (n = 56; 39%) multiple direct and indirect costs of transportation, and 58% (n = 84) discussed the need for transportations services or assistance at the institutional level.Caregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual-level intervention.CONCLUSIONSCaregivers described the multifaceted costs of transportation they experienced which are in line with previous work. Alongside descriptions of direct costs, caregivers described key opportunity costs, such as personal and work time forgone to transporting patients. Caregivers also made suggestions for institutional and/or civic based solutions to facilitate reliable modes of transportation, rather than individual-level intervention.
Author Thomson, Maria D.
Xu, Rebecca
Van Houtven, Courtney Harold
Siminoff, Laura A.
AuthorAffiliation 3 Durham ADAPT, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA
1 Department of Health Behavior and Policy Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
4 Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA
5 Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
2 Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37485648$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_52965_001c_92643
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Keywords psychosocial studies
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quality of life
cancer management
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Snippet Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective...
Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective experiences and...
BackgroundTransportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective...
Abstract Background Transportation has been identified as a specific source of burden for cancer caregivers. This study examined cancer caregivers' subjective...
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SubjectTerms behavioral science
Breast cancer
Cancer
cancer management
Cancer therapies
Caregivers
Health care expenditures
Health services utilization
Interviews
Longitudinal studies
Patients
psychosocial studies
quality of life
Statistical analysis
Transportation services
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Title The many “costs” of transportation: Examining what cancer caregivers experience as transportation obstacles
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