Traditional marijuana, high‐potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: increasing risk for psychosis
Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose‐response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High‐potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experiment...
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| Published in | World psychiatry Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 195 - 204 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Italy
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.10.2016
John Wiley and Sons Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1723-8617 2051-5545 2051-5545 |
| DOI | 10.1002/wps.20341 |
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| Abstract | Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose‐response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High‐potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experimental administration of tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient of cannabis, induces transient psychosis in normal subjects, but this effect can be ameliorated by co‐administration of cannabidiol. This latter is a constituent of traditional hashish, but is largely absent from modern high‐potency forms of cannabis. Argument continues over the extent to which genetic predisposition is correlated to, or interacts with, cannabis use, and what proportion of psychosis could be prevented by minimizing heavy use. As yet, there is not convincing evidence that cannabis use increases risk of other psychiatric disorders, but there are no such doubts concerning its detrimental effect on cognitive function. All of the negative aspects are magnified if use starts in early adolescence. Irrespective of whether use of cannabis is decriminalized or legalized, the evidence that it is a component cause of psychosis is now sufficient for public health messages outlining the risk, especially of regular use of high‐potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids. |
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| AbstractList | Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose-response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experimental administration of tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient of cannabis, induces transient psychosis in normal subjects, but this effect can be ameliorated by co-administration of cannabidiol. This latter is a constituent of traditional hashish, but is largely absent from modern high-potency forms of cannabis. Argument continues over the extent to which genetic predisposition is correlated to, or interacts with, cannabis use, and what proportion of psychosis could be prevented by minimizing heavy use. As yet, there is not convincing evidence that cannabis use increases risk of other psychiatric disorders, but there are no such doubts concerning its detrimental effect on cognitive function. All of the negative aspects are magnified if use starts in early adolescence. Irrespective of whether use of cannabis is decriminalized or legalized, the evidence that it is a component cause of psychosis is now sufficient for public health messages outlining the risk, especially of regular use of high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids. Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose-response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experimental administration of tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient of cannabis, induces transient psychosis in normal subjects, but this effect can be ameliorated by co-administration of cannabidiol. This latter is a constituent of traditional hashish, but is largely absent from modern high-potency forms of cannabis. Argument continues over the extent to which genetic predisposition is correlated to, or interacts with, cannabis use, and what proportion of psychosis could be prevented by minimizing heavy use. As yet, there is not convincing evidence that cannabis use increases risk of other psychiatric disorders, but there are no such doubts concerning its detrimental effect on cognitive function. All of the negative aspects are magnified if use starts in early adolescence. Irrespective of whether use of cannabis is decriminalized or legalized, the evidence that it is a component cause of psychosis is now sufficient for public health messages outlining the risk, especially of regular use of high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids.Epidemiological evidence demonstrates that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychotic outcomes, and confirms a dose-response relationship between the level of use and the risk of later psychosis. High-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. Experimental administration of tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient of cannabis, induces transient psychosis in normal subjects, but this effect can be ameliorated by co-administration of cannabidiol. This latter is a constituent of traditional hashish, but is largely absent from modern high-potency forms of cannabis. Argument continues over the extent to which genetic predisposition is correlated to, or interacts with, cannabis use, and what proportion of psychosis could be prevented by minimizing heavy use. As yet, there is not convincing evidence that cannabis use increases risk of other psychiatric disorders, but there are no such doubts concerning its detrimental effect on cognitive function. All of the negative aspects are magnified if use starts in early adolescence. Irrespective of whether use of cannabis is decriminalized or legalized, the evidence that it is a component cause of psychosis is now sufficient for public health messages outlining the risk, especially of regular use of high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids. |
| Author | Quigley, Harriet Murray, Robin M. Quattrone, Diego Di Forti, Marta Englund, Amir |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College De Crespigny Park London SE5 8AF UK |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College De Crespigny Park London SE5 8AF UK |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Robin M. surname: Murray fullname: Murray, Robin M. organization: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College – sequence: 2 givenname: Harriet surname: Quigley fullname: Quigley, Harriet organization: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College – sequence: 3 givenname: Diego surname: Quattrone fullname: Quattrone, Diego organization: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College – sequence: 4 givenname: Amir surname: Englund fullname: Englund, Amir organization: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College – sequence: 5 givenname: Marta surname: Di Forti fullname: Di Forti, Marta organization: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27717258$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2016-10-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2016 text: October 2016 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Italy |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Italy – name: Oxford – name: Hoboken |
| PublicationTitle | World psychiatry |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | World Psychiatry |
| PublicationYear | 2016 |
| Publisher | Wiley Subscription Services, Inc John Wiley and Sons Inc |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc – name: John Wiley and Sons Inc |
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| Title | Traditional marijuana, high‐potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: increasing risk for psychosis |
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