Mode of action studies on the formation of enamel minerals from a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts
To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride. Polished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi tooth...
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| Published in | Journal of dentistry Vol. 42; pp. S30 - S38 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.06.2014
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0300-5712 1879-176X 1879-176X |
| DOI | 10.1016/S0300-5712(14)50005-X |
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| Abstract | To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride.
Polished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an in situ protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
The FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste in vitro.The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing in vitro, the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the in situ study.
Calcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP.
A novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure. |
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| AbstractList | To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride.
Polished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an in situ protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
The FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste in vitro.The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing in vitro, the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the in situ study.
Calcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP.
A novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure. Objectives To investigate and the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride. Methods Polished enamel blocks were brushed with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results The FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the study. Conclusions Calcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP. Clinical Significance A novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure. ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride. Methods Polished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an in situ protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results The FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste in vitro. The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing in vitro, the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the in situ study. Conclusions Calcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP. Clinical Significance A novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure. To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride.OBJECTIVESTo investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate (CaSi), sodium phosphate salts and fluoride.Polished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an in situ protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).METHODSPolished enamel blocks were brushed in vitro with a slurry of the CaSi toothpaste. After one brush and four weeks simulated brushing the enamel surfaces were analysed. In an in situ protocol, enamel blocks were attached to first or second molar teeth of healthy subjects, exposed to 4 weeks twice per day brushing with the CaSi toothpaste and then analysed. The surface deposits were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, the CaSi toothpaste was slurried in simulated oral fluid (SOF) over a 3 hour period and the solids were isolated and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste in vitro.The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing in vitro, the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the in situ study.RESULTSThe FTIR study demonstrated that calcium phosphate phases had formed and these became increasingly crystalline over 3 hours. CaSi was deposited onto enamel surfaces following one brushing with the toothpaste in vitro.The deposited particles showed evidence of HAP crystalline phases associated with the CaSi. Following 4 weeks brushing in vitro, the deposition increased and analyses showed that the deposited material was HAP. These results were confirmed by the in situ study.Calcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP.CONCLUSIONSCalcium silicate can be deposited onto enamel surfaces from a novel toothpaste formulation where it can form the enamel mineral HAP.A novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEA novel toothpaste formulation containing CaSi can form HAP on enamel surfaces. The potential of this technology is for a novel approach to the repair of demineralised enamel and the protection of enamel during acid exposure. |
| Author | Wang, Jinfang Deng, Yan Sun, Jianing N Feng, Xiping Liu, Renjiang Sun, Yuekui Li, Xiaoke Chen, Hui Liu, Weining Carvell, Mel Hu, Qinghong Tao, DanYing Joiner, Andrew |
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| Keywords | Toothpaste Hydroxyapatite Mineralisation Enamel Calcium silicate Erosion |
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| Snippet | To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste... ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate in vitro and in situ the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel... Objectives To investigate and the deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on enamel surfaces following brushing with a novel toothpaste containing... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Calcium - chemistry Calcium Compounds - pharmacology Calcium Phosphates - chemistry Calcium silicate Cattle Crystallography Dental Enamel - chemistry Dental Enamel - drug effects Dental Pellicle - chemistry Dentistry Durapatite - chemistry Enamel Erosion Fluorides - pharmacology Follow-Up Studies Humans Hydroxyapatite In Vitro Techniques Materials Testing Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Microscopy, Electron, Transmission Mineralisation Phosphates - pharmacology Random Allocation Saliva, Artificial - chemistry Silicates - pharmacology Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Time Factors Toothbrushing - instrumentation Toothbrushing - methods Toothpaste Toothpastes - pharmacology |
| Title | Mode of action studies on the formation of enamel minerals from a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts |
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