Intravenous fish oil blunts the physiological response to endotoxin in healthy subjects

• Published in: Intensive care medicine Vol. 33; no. 5; pp. 789 - 797
• Main Authors: Pluess, Thomas-Thi, Hayoz, Daniel, Berger, Mette M., Tappy, Luc, Revelly, Jean-Pierre, Michaeli, Burkhard, Carpentier, Yvon A., Chioléro, René L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01.05.2007; Berlin Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis of the immune response. Humoral and cellular immunity; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Antibody production; Baroreflex - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; Blood platelets; Blood pressure; Chromatography; Cytokines; Drug dosages; Endotoxins - adverse effects; Endotoxins - antagonists & inhibitors; Enzymes; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous - pharmacology; Fatty acids; Fish oils; Fish Oils - administration & dosage; Fish Oils - pharmacology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; General and cellular metabolism. Vitamins; Glucagon; Glucose; Health aspects; Heart rate; Heart Rate - drug effects; Hormones; Humans; Immunobiology; Inflammation - blood; Inflammation - prevention & control; Inflammation - therapy; Intensive care; Intensive care medicine; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Medical sciences; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Physiology; Plasma; Polysaccharides; Sepsis; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Switzerland; United States > US; Germany; Intensive care; Intravenous administration; Healthy subject; Cytokines; Fish oil supplement; Cytokine; Inflammatory response; Endotoxin; Fish oil; Lipopolysacharide; Endotoxin challenge; Toxin; Resuscitation; Neuroendocrine response
• ISSN: 0342-4642; 1432-1238
• DOI: 10.1007/s00134-007-0591-5

To assess the effects of intravenous fish oil fat emulsion on the metabolic alterations induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in healthy volunteers. Two groups of eight healthy subjects were randomized to receive either two pharmacological doses of intravenous FO fat emulsion or no treatment. The FO group received twice 0.5 g/kg 10% emulsion (Omegaven) 48 and 24h before investigation. LPS (2 ng/kg) was injected as a bolus on the investigation day. Systemic parameters, indirect calorimetry, heart rate variability, and platelet membrane phospholipid composition were measured. Basal EPA and DHA content in platelet phospholipids was low (0.28% and 2.54%, respectively) and increased significantly after FO to 1.68% and 3.32%. LPS induced reproducible effects in all subjects. Fever was higher in the control [corrected] group than in FO group [corrected] the difference was significant from t (120) until t (360). FO blunted the neuroendocrine response: the rise in plasma norepinephrine was sevenfold lower at t (120) while the ACTH peak was fourfold lower. Tumor necrosis factor alpha was significantly lower between t (360) and t (180) in the FO group. Two doses of intravenous FO fat emulsion modified the phospholipid composition of platelets in healthy subjects. FO blunted fever and increased the neuroendocrine and the inflammatory responses to LPS.