PET Evidence for a Role for Striatal Dopamine in the Attentional Blink: Functional Implications
Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working me...
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| Published in | Journal of cognitive neuroscience Vol. 24; no. 9; pp. 1932 - 1940 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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One Rogers Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1209, USA
MIT Press
01.09.2012
MIT Press Journals, The |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0898-929X 1530-8898 1530-8898 |
| DOI | 10.1162/jocn_a_00255 |
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| Abstract | Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data. |
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| AbstractList | Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data.Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data. Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data. Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input, and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further, capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target, and others assigning a critical role to online selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, subjects performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using positron emission tomography and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual-differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data. |
| Author | Murali, Dhanabalan Slagter, Heleen A. Colzato, Lorenza S. Christian, Bradley T. Davidson, Richard J. King, Carlye R. Tomer, Rachel Fox, Andrew S. |
| AuthorAffiliation | Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison WI 53706, USA Cognitive Psychology Unit and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands o Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison WI 53705, USA a Brain Imaging and Behavior Laboratory, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison WI 53705, USA o Brain and Cognition Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Weesperplein 4, 1018 XA Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison WI 53719, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison WI 53706, USA – name: Cognitive Psychology Unit and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands – name: o Brain and Cognition Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Weesperplein 4, 1018 XA Amsterdam, the Netherlands – name: Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison WI 53719, USA – name: o Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison WI 53705, USA – name: a Brain Imaging and Behavior Laboratory, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison WI 53705, USA – name: Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Heleen A. surname: Slagter fullname: Slagter, Heleen A. organization: 1University of Amsterdam – sequence: 2 givenname: Rachel surname: Tomer fullname: Tomer, Rachel organization: 2University of Haifa – sequence: 3 givenname: Bradley T. surname: Christian fullname: Christian, Bradley T. organization: 3University of Wisconsin – sequence: 4 givenname: Andrew S. surname: Fox fullname: Fox, Andrew S. organization: 3University of Wisconsin – sequence: 5 givenname: Lorenza S. surname: Colzato fullname: Colzato, Lorenza S. organization: 4Leiden University – sequence: 6 givenname: Carlye R. surname: King fullname: King, Carlye R. organization: 3University of Wisconsin – sequence: 7 givenname: Dhanabalan surname: Murali fullname: Murali, Dhanabalan organization: 3University of Wisconsin – sequence: 8 givenname: Richard J. surname: Davidson fullname: Davidson, Richard J. organization: 3University of Wisconsin |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22663253$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Analysis of Variance Attentional Blink - physiology Benzamides - pharmacokinetics Brain Mapping Cognition & reasoning Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging Corpus Striatum - drug effects Corpus Striatum - physiology Dopamine - metabolism Dopamine Antagonists - pharmacokinetics Female Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 - pharmacokinetics Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Memory Neurosciences Photic Stimulation Positron-Emission Tomography Protein Binding - drug effects Receptors, Dopamine D2 - metabolism Visual task performance Young Adult |
| Title | PET Evidence for a Role for Striatal Dopamine in the Attentional Blink: Functional Implications |
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