EMG study of hand muscle recruitment during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools
The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated w...
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| Published in | American journal of physical anthropology Vol. 105; no. 3; pp. 315 - 332 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
01.03.1998
Wiley-Liss |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0002-9483 1096-8644 |
| DOI | 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199803)105:3<315::AID-AJPA3>3.0.CO;2-Q |
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| Abstract | The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated with the muscle activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscles most likely to have been strongly and repeatedly recruited by early hominids during stone tool‐making. This information is fundamental to the identification of skeletal features that may reliably predict tool‐making capabilities in early hominids. The muscles most frequently recruited at high force levels for strong precision pinch grips required to control the hammerstone and core are the intrinsic muscles of the fifth finger and the thumb/index finger regions. A productive search for skeletal evidence of habitual Oldowan tool‐making behavior will therefore be in the regions of the hand stressed by these intrinsic muscles and in the joint configurations affecting the relative lengths of their moment arms. Am J Phys Anthropol 105:315–332, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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| AbstractList | The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated with the muscle activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscles most likely to have been strongly and repeatedly recruited by early hominids during stone tool-making. This information is fundamental to the identification of skeletal features that may reliably predict tool-making capabilities in early hominids. The muscles most frequently recruited at high force levels for strong precision pinch grips required to control the hammerstone and core are the intrinsic muscles of the fifth finger and the thumb/index finger regions. A productive search for skeletal evidence of habitual Oldowan tool-making behavior will therefore be in the regions of the hand stressed by these intrinsic muscles and in the joint configurations affecting the relative lengths of their moment arms. The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated with the muscle activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscles most likely to have been strongly and repeatedly recruited by early hominids during stone tool-making. This information is fundamental to the identification of skeletal features that may reliably predict tool-making capabilities in early hominids. The muscles most frequently recruited at high force levels for strong precision pinch grips required to control the hammerstone and core are the intrinsic muscles of the fifth finger and the thumb/index finger regions. A productive search for skeletal evidence of habitual Oldowan tool-making behavior will therefore be in the regions of the hand stressed by these intrinsic muscles and in the joint configurations affecting the relative lengths of their moment arms.The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated with the muscle activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscles most likely to have been strongly and repeatedly recruited by early hominids during stone tool-making. This information is fundamental to the identification of skeletal features that may reliably predict tool-making capabilities in early hominids. The muscles most frequently recruited at high force levels for strong precision pinch grips required to control the hammerstone and core are the intrinsic muscles of the fifth finger and the thumb/index finger regions. A productive search for skeletal evidence of habitual Oldowan tool-making behavior will therefore be in the regions of the hand stressed by these intrinsic muscles and in the joint configurations affecting the relative lengths of their moment arms. The activity of 17 hand muscles was monitored by electromyography (EMG) in three subjects during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools. Two of the subjects were archaeologists experienced in the replication of prehistoric stone tools. Simultaneous videotapes recorded grips associated with the muscle activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the muscles most likely to have been strongly and repeatedly recruited by early hominids during stone tool‐making. This information is fundamental to the identification of skeletal features that may reliably predict tool‐making capabilities in early hominids. The muscles most frequently recruited at high force levels for strong precision pinch grips required to control the hammerstone and core are the intrinsic muscles of the fifth finger and the thumb/index finger regions. A productive search for skeletal evidence of habitual Oldowan tool‐making behavior will therefore be in the regions of the hand stressed by these intrinsic muscles and in the joint configurations affecting the relative lengths of their moment arms. Am J Phys Anthropol 105:315–332, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| Author | Hunt, K. Marzke, Mary W. Toth, N. Schick, K. An, K-N. Reece, S. Steinberg, B. Linscheid, R. L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mary W. surname: Marzke fullname: Marzke, Mary W. organization: Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona – sequence: 2 givenname: N. surname: Toth fullname: Toth, N. organization: Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana – sequence: 3 givenname: K. surname: Schick fullname: Schick, K. organization: Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana – sequence: 4 givenname: S. surname: Reece fullname: Reece, S. organization: Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona – sequence: 5 givenname: B. surname: Steinberg fullname: Steinberg, B. organization: Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona – sequence: 6 givenname: K. surname: Hunt fullname: Hunt, K. organization: Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana – sequence: 7 givenname: R. L. surname: Linscheid fullname: Linscheid, R. L. organization: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota – sequence: 8 givenname: K-N. surname: An fullname: An, K-N. organization: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9545075$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Anthropology, Physical Bone and Bones - anatomy & histology Electromyography Fingers - anatomy & histology flexor pollicis longus fossil hominids Fossils Hand Hominidae - anatomy & histology Humans Motor Skills Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology Muscle, Skeletal - physiology stone tool-making Thumb - anatomy & histology |
| Title | EMG study of hand muscle recruitment during hard hammer percussion manufacture of Oldowan tools |
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