Late gadolinium enhancement location assessed by magnetic resonance and arrhythmogenic risk in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE...

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Published inRevista portuguesa de cardiologia Vol. 39; no. 11; pp. 615 - 621
Main Authors Barbosa, Ana Raquel, Almeida, João, Guerreiro, Cláudio, Teixeira, Pedro, Ladeiras Lopes, Ricardo, Dias Ferreira, Nuno, Sousa, Olga, Braga, Pedro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.11.2020
Elsevier
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ISSN0870-2551
2174-2049
2174-2030
2174-2049
DOI10.1016/j.repc.2019.12.009

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Abstract Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE location on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and SCD in patients with HCM. We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and Holter records of HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at our center. LGE extent and distribution were assessed using the American Heart Association 17-segment model. VA was defined as non-sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or SCD. Sixty-one patients (age 57.0±16.7 years) were included and VA occurred in 24.6% (n=15). Patients with VA showed greater LGE extent than those without (7.40±5.3 vs. 3.52±3.0 segments, p=0.007). Analyzing the distribution of LGE, a set of arrhythmogenic segments (apex/basal inferior/basal anterolateral/mid inferoseptal) was found. The extent of LGE involvement in these segments was also greater in patients with VA (2.07±1.03 vs. 0.65±0.71 segments, p<0.001; area under the curve 0.861 for VA) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables. The extent of LGE involvement of a set of segments with an apparent relation to cardiac areas of increased mechanical stress was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VA, suggesting that not only the extent but also the location of LGE is important for the assessment of SCD risk in HCM patients. A extensão do realce tardio (RT) tem surgido como preditor de morte súbita cardíaca (MSC) em doentes com miocardiopatia hipertrófica (MCH), contudo pouco se conhece quanto à relevância arritmogénica da sua localização específica no ventrículo esquerdo. O nosso objetivo foi avaliar a influência da localização do RT na ocorrência de arritmias ventriculares/morte súbita (AV) em doentes com MCH. Análise retrospetiva de dados clínicos e Holters de doentes com MCH submetidos a ressonância magnética no nosso centro. A extensão e a distribuição do RT foram avaliadas usando o modelo de 17 segmentos da American Heart Association. Foi definido AV como a ocorrência de taquicardia ventricular não sustentada ou sustentada, fibrilhação ventricular ou paragem cardíaca súbita. Foram incluídos 61 doentes (57,0±16,7 anos), tendo ocorrido AV em 24,6% (n=15). Os doentes com AV apresentavam maior extensão de RT do que aqueles sem AV (7,40±5,3 versus 3,52±3,0 segmentos, p=0,007). Analisando a distribuição do RT foi encontrado um conjunto de segmentos arritmogénicos (basal inferior/basal anterolateral/médio inferosseptal/ápex). A extensão de RT nestes segmentos foi também maior nos doentes com AV (2,07±1,03 versus 0,65±0,71 segmentos, p<0,001; área sob a curva ROC 0,861 para AV). Esta diferença permaneceu significativa após ajuste para potenciais variáveis confundidoras. A extensão do RT num conjunto de segmentos com aparente relação com áreas cardíacas de maior stress mecânico associou-se significativa e independentemente à ocorrência de AV, sugerindo que não apenas a extensão mas também a localização do RT é importante na avaliação do risco de MSC em doentes com MCH.
AbstractList Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE location on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and SCD in patients with HCM. We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and Holter records of HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at our center. LGE extent and distribution were assessed using the American Heart Association 17-segment model. VA was defined as non-sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or SCD. Sixty-one patients (age 57.0±16.7 years) were included and VA occurred in 24.6% (n=15). Patients with VA showed greater LGE extent than those without (7.40±5.3 vs. 3.52±3.0 segments, p=0.007). Analyzing the distribution of LGE, a set of arrhythmogenic segments (apex/basal inferior/basal anterolateral/mid inferoseptal) was found. The extent of LGE involvement in these segments was also greater in patients with VA (2.07±1.03 vs. 0.65±0.71 segments, p<0.001; area under the curve 0.861 for VA) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables. The extent of LGE involvement of a set of segments with an apparent relation to cardiac areas of increased mechanical stress was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VA, suggesting that not only the extent but also the location of LGE is important for the assessment of SCD risk in HCM patients. A extensão do realce tardio (RT) tem surgido como preditor de morte súbita cardíaca (MSC) em doentes com miocardiopatia hipertrófica (MCH), contudo pouco se conhece quanto à relevância arritmogénica da sua localização específica no ventrículo esquerdo. O nosso objetivo foi avaliar a influência da localização do RT na ocorrência de arritmias ventriculares/morte súbita (AV) em doentes com MCH. Análise retrospetiva de dados clínicos e Holters de doentes com MCH submetidos a ressonância magnética no nosso centro. A extensão e a distribuição do RT foram avaliadas usando o modelo de 17 segmentos da American Heart Association. Foi definido AV como a ocorrência de taquicardia ventricular não sustentada ou sustentada, fibrilhação ventricular ou paragem cardíaca súbita. Foram incluídos 61 doentes (57,0±16,7 anos), tendo ocorrido AV em 24,6% (n=15). Os doentes com AV apresentavam maior extensão de RT do que aqueles sem AV (7,40±5,3 versus 3,52±3,0 segmentos, p=0,007). Analisando a distribuição do RT foi encontrado um conjunto de segmentos arritmogénicos (basal inferior/basal anterolateral/médio inferosseptal/ápex). A extensão de RT nestes segmentos foi também maior nos doentes com AV (2,07±1,03 versus 0,65±0,71 segmentos, p<0,001; área sob a curva ROC 0,861 para AV). Esta diferença permaneceu significativa após ajuste para potenciais variáveis confundidoras. A extensão do RT num conjunto de segmentos com aparente relação com áreas cardíacas de maior stress mecânico associou-se significativa e independentemente à ocorrência de AV, sugerindo que não apenas a extensão mas também a localização do RT é importante na avaliação do risco de MSC em doentes com MCH.
Introduction and Objectives: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE location on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and SCD in patients with HCM. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and Holter records of HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at our center. LGE extent and distribution were assessed using the American Heart Association 17-segment model. VA was defined as non-sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or SCD. Results: Sixty-one patients (age 57.0±16.7 years) were included and VA occurred in 24.6% (n=15). Patients with VA showed greater LGE extent than those without (7.40±5.3 vs. 3.52±3.0 segments, p=0.007). Analyzing the distribution of LGE, a set of arrhythmogenic segments (apex/basal inferior/basal anterolateral/mid inferoseptal) was found. The extent of LGE involvement in these segments was also greater in patients with VA (2.07±1.03 vs. 0.65±0.71 segments, p<0.001; area under the curve 0.861 for VA) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables. Conclusions: The extent of LGE involvement of a set of segments with an apparent relation to cardiac areas of increased mechanical stress was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VA, suggesting that not only the extent but also the location of LGE is important for the assessment of SCD risk in HCM patients. Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: A extensão do realce tardio (RT) tem surgido como preditor de morte súbita cardíaca (MSC) em doentes com miocardiopatia hipertrófica (MCH), contudo pouco se conhece quanto à relevância arritmogénica da sua localização específica no ventrículo esquerdo. O nosso objetivo foi avaliar a influência da localização do RT na ocorrência de arritmias ventriculares/morte súbita (AV) em doentes com MCH. Métodos: Análise retrospetiva de dados clínicos e Holters de doentes com MCH submetidos a ressonância magnética no nosso centro. A extensão e a distribuição do RT foram avaliadas usando o modelo de 17 segmentos da American Heart Association. Foi definido AV como a ocorrência de taquicardia ventricular não sustentada ou sustentada, fibrilhação ventricular ou paragem cardíaca súbita. Resultados: Foram incluídos 61 doentes (57,0±16,7 anos), tendo ocorrido AV em 24,6% (n=15). Os doentes com AV apresentavam maior extensão de RT do que aqueles sem AV (7,40±5,3 versus 3,52±3,0 segmentos, p=0,007). Analisando a distribuição do RT foi encontrado um conjunto de segmentos arritmogénicos (basal inferior/basal anterolateral/médio inferosseptal/ápex). A extensão de RT nestes segmentos foi também maior nos doentes com AV (2,07±1,03 versus 0,65±0,71 segmentos, p<0,001; área sob a curva ROC 0,861 para AV). Esta diferença permaneceu significativa após ajuste para potenciais variáveis confundidoras. Conclusões: A extensão do RT num conjunto de segmentos com aparente relação com áreas cardíacas de maior stress mecânico associou-se significativa e independentemente à ocorrência de AV, sugerindo que não apenas a extensão mas também a localização do RT é importante na avaliação do risco de MSC em doentes com MCH.
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE location on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and SCD in patients with HCM.INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVESLate gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however little is known about the arrhythmogenic relevance of its specific location in the left ventricle. Our aim was to analyze the influence of LGE location on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and SCD in patients with HCM.We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and Holter records of HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at our center. LGE extent and distribution were assessed using the American Heart Association 17-segment model. VA was defined as non-sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or SCD.METHODSWe performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and Holter records of HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at our center. LGE extent and distribution were assessed using the American Heart Association 17-segment model. VA was defined as non-sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or SCD.Sixty-one patients (age 57.0±16.7 years) were included and VA occurred in 24.6% (n=15). Patients with VA showed greater LGE extent than those without (7.40±5.3 vs. 3.52±3.0 segments, p=0.007). Analyzing the distribution of LGE, a set of arrhythmogenic segments (apex/basal inferior/basal anterolateral/mid inferoseptal) was found. The extent of LGE involvement in these segments was also greater in patients with VA (2.07±1.03 vs. 0.65±0.71 segments, p<0.001; area under the curve 0.861 for VA) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables.RESULTSSixty-one patients (age 57.0±16.7 years) were included and VA occurred in 24.6% (n=15). Patients with VA showed greater LGE extent than those without (7.40±5.3 vs. 3.52±3.0 segments, p=0.007). Analyzing the distribution of LGE, a set of arrhythmogenic segments (apex/basal inferior/basal anterolateral/mid inferoseptal) was found. The extent of LGE involvement in these segments was also greater in patients with VA (2.07±1.03 vs. 0.65±0.71 segments, p<0.001; area under the curve 0.861 for VA) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables.The extent of LGE involvement of a set of segments with an apparent relation to cardiac areas of increased mechanical stress was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VA, suggesting that not only the extent but also the location of LGE is important for the assessment of SCD risk in HCM patients.CONCLUSIONSThe extent of LGE involvement of a set of segments with an apparent relation to cardiac areas of increased mechanical stress was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VA, suggesting that not only the extent but also the location of LGE is important for the assessment of SCD risk in HCM patients.
Author Barbosa, Ana Raquel
Sousa, Olga
Almeida, João
Dias Ferreira, Nuno
Guerreiro, Cláudio
Braga, Pedro
Teixeira, Pedro
Ladeiras Lopes, Ricardo
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Keywords Realce tardio
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Ressonância magnética cardíaca
Late gadolinium enhancement
Miocardiopatia hipertrófica
Cardiac magnetic resonance
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Snippet Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however...
Introduction and Objectives: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent has emerged as a predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic...
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SubjectTerms Cardiac magnetic resonance
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Late gadolinium enhancement
Miocardiopatia hipertrófica
Realce tardio
Ressonância magnética cardíaca
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Title Late gadolinium enhancement location assessed by magnetic resonance and arrhythmogenic risk in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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