Establishing Patient-Derived Cancer Cell Cultures and Xenografts in Biliary Tract Cancer
PurposeBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We establishe...
Saved in:
| Published in | Cancer research and treatment Vol. 55; no. 1; pp. 219 - 230 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Korea (South)
Korean Cancer Association
01.01.2023
대한암학회 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1598-2998 2005-9256 2005-9256 |
| DOI | 10.4143/crt.2021.1166 |
Cover
| Abstract | PurposeBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC.Materials and MethodsFive patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed.ResultsFrom malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines.ConclusionWe successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC.PURPOSEBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC.Five patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed.MATERIALS AND METHODSFive patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed.From malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines.RESULTSFrom malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines.We successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology.CONCLUSIONWe successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology. PurposeBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC.Materials and MethodsFive patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed.ResultsFrom malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines.ConclusionWe successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology. KCI Citation Count: 0 PurposeBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC.Materials and MethodsFive patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed.ResultsFrom malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines.ConclusionWe successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology. Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors and develop effective therapeutic agents, suitable preclinical models reflecting diverse tumor characteristics are needed. We established and characterized new patient-derived cancer cell cultures and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models using malignant ascites from five patients with BTC. Five patient-derived cancer cell cultures and three PDX models derived from malignant ascites of five patients with BTC, AMCBTC-01, -02, -03, -04, and -05, were established. To characterize the models histogenetically and confirm whether characteristics of the primary tumor were maintained, targeted sequencing and histopathological comparison between primary tissue and xenograft tumors were performed. From malignant ascites of five BTC patients, five patient-derived cancer cell cultures (100% success rate), and three PDXs (60% success rate) were established. The morphological characteristics of three primary xenograft tumors were compared with those of matched primary tumors, and they displayed a similar morphology. The mutated genes in samples (models, primary tumor tissue, or both) from more than one patient were TP53 (n=2), KRAS (n=2), and STK11 (n=2). Overall, the pattern of commonly mutated genes in BTC cell cultures was different from that in commercially available BTC cell lines. We successfully established the patient-derived cancer cell cultures and xenograft models derived from malignant ascites in BTC patients. These models accompanied by different genetic characteristics from commercially available models will help better understand BTC biology. |
| Author | Lee, Hee Jin Park, Hye Seon Lee, Sunmin Kim, Danbee Kim, Kyu-pyo Lee, Ji-Young Chun, Sung-Min Kang, Jihoon Jun, Ha Ra Yoo, Changhoon Lim, Jinyeong Jeon, Seyeon Kim, Young-Ae |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6 Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Center for Research and Development, Oncocross Ltd., Seoul, Korea 5 University of Ulsan Digestive Diseases Research Center, Seoul, Korea 3 Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 4 Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Center for Research and Development, Oncocross Ltd., Seoul, Korea – name: 5 University of Ulsan Digestive Diseases Research Center, Seoul, Korea – name: 3 Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea – name: 4 Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea – name: 6 Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea – name: 1 Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jihoon surname: Kang fullname: Kang, Jihoon – sequence: 2 givenname: Ji-Young surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Ji-Young – sequence: 3 givenname: Sunmin surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Sunmin – sequence: 4 givenname: Danbee surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Danbee – sequence: 5 givenname: Jinyeong surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Jinyeong – sequence: 6 givenname: Ha Ra surname: Jun fullname: Jun, Ha Ra – sequence: 7 givenname: Seyeon surname: Jeon fullname: Jeon, Seyeon – sequence: 8 givenname: Young-Ae surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Young-Ae – sequence: 9 givenname: Hye Seon surname: Park fullname: Park, Hye Seon – sequence: 10 givenname: Kyu-pyo surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Kyu-pyo – sequence: 11 givenname: Sung-Min surname: Chun fullname: Chun, Sung-Min – sequence: 12 givenname: Hee Jin surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Hee Jin – sequence: 13 givenname: Changhoon surname: Yoo fullname: Yoo, Changhoon |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35410113$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002923132$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) |
| BookMark | eNqFkUtvEzEUhS1URNPAki3yEiFN8Gsce4NUhhYqVQKhIHVn3XE8qenEk9qeov77ekh4SojVXfg79xyfe4KOwhAcQs8pWQgq-Gsb84IRRheUSvkIzRghdaVZLY_QjNZaVUxrdYxOUvpKiBR8SZ-gY14LSijlM3R1ljK0vU_XPmzwJ8jehVy9c9HfuTVuIFgXceP6Hjdjn8foEoawxlcuDJsIXU7YB_zW9x7iPV5FsPkgeooed9An9-ww5-jL-dmq-VBdfnx_0ZxeVlYolStuidCWa720XDgpqLS162pSsraCgGgtVRSkahkAsbwFSSiAZrTja6fUks_Rq_3eEDtzY70ZwH-fm8HcRHP6eXVhyl-JlIoUeLGHx7CD-2_Q92YX_bZkL4yZ-jSlTzP1aaY-i-DNXrAb261b21JOhF-iyevPl-Cvi_Od0SUa51O8l4cFcbgdXcpm65MtfUJww5gMk0LXSrJCz9GL371-mvw4VgGqPWDjkFJ03X_D879463O58DBF9f0_VA90W7ax |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13092718 crossref_primary_10_1080_17460441_2025_2457637 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.007 10.4137/bcbcr.s17766 10.3892/ol.2018.9836 10.1056/nejmoa0908721 10.1038/cddis.2017.80 10.1007/bf02623562 10.5009/gnl18105 10.1089/thy.2015.0506 10.1242/jcs.114.20.3591 10.3390/cells8091026 10.1007/s12029-014-9597-8 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.036 10.1007/s10911-020-09442-7 10.7150/jca.26051 10.1038/ng.3375 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000682 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.09.005 10.1038/bjc.2014.123 10.4149/neo_2015_071 10.1055/s-2004-828895 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.044 10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.9035 10.1186/s12885-016-2136-1 10.18632/oncotarget.4627 10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0104:hlocca>2.0.co;2 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100068 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts236 10.1038/s41467-019-11867-6 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600440 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2023 by the Korean Cancer Association 2023 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2023 by the Korean Cancer Association 2023 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 5PM ADTOC UNPAY ACYCR |
| DOI | 10.4143/crt.2021.1166 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content Unpaywall Korean Citation Index |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic CrossRef MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: UNPAY name: Unpaywall url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/ sourceTypes: Open Access Repository |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 2005-9256 |
| EndPage | 230 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_10106680 10.4143/crt.2021.1166 PMC9873337 35410113 10_4143_crt_2021_1166 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center grantid: 2020IP0091-1 – fundername: National Research Foundation of Korea – fundername: Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning grantid: 2016M3A9E8941331 – fundername: Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning grantid: 2017M3A9G5061671 – fundername: Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning grantid: 2019R1F1A1061436 |
| GroupedDBID | --- 29B 5-W 53G 8JR 9ZL AAYXX ABDBF ACUHS ACYCR ADBBV AENEX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL CITATION DIK E3Z EBD EF. F5P HYE OK1 RPM TR2 C1A CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 5PM ADTOC UNPAY |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-3c049c3997c34e6416c5ef50006b40a4bc181a68b2aa0c3ba601aa921f3de8873 |
| IEDL.DBID | UNPAY |
| ISSN | 1598-2998 2005-9256 |
| IngestDate | Sun Mar 09 07:51:26 EDT 2025 Wed Aug 20 00:08:29 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 18:38:12 EDT 2025 Thu Jul 10 22:30:17 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:09:55 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:18:51 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:57:45 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 1 |
| Keywords | Biliary tract neoplasms Ascites Cancer cell cultures High-throughput nucleotide sequencing Patient-derived xenograft |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. cc-by-nc |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c488t-3c049c3997c34e6416c5ef50006b40a4bc181a68b2aa0c3ba601aa921f3de8873 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Jihoon Kang and Ji-Young Lee contributed equally to this work. |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7231-5480 0000-0002-1451-8455 0000-0002-3357-1382 0000-0003-3353-807X 0000-0002-4963-6603 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.e-crt.org/upload/pdf/crt-2021-1166.pdf |
| PMID | 35410113 |
| PQID | 2649586273 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 12 |
| ParticipantIDs | nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_10106680 unpaywall_primary_10_4143_crt_2021_1166 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9873337 proquest_miscellaneous_2649586273 pubmed_primary_35410113 crossref_primary_10_4143_crt_2021_1166 crossref_citationtrail_10_4143_crt_2021_1166 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 2023 text: 2023-01-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Korea (South) |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Korea (South) |
| PublicationTitle | Cancer research and treatment |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Cancer Res Treat |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | Korean Cancer Association 대한암학회 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Korean Cancer Association – name: 대한암학회 |
| References | ref13 ref12 ref15 ref14 ref30 ref11 ref10 ref2 ref1 ref17 ref16 ref19 ref18 ref24 ref23 ref26 Fiebig (ref5) 2004 ref25 ref20 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 |
| References_xml | – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.007 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.4137/bcbcr.s17766 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.9836 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1056/nejmoa0908721 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1038/cddis.2017.80 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1007/bf02623562 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.5009/gnl18105 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0506 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1242/jcs.114.20.3591 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.3390/cells8091026 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1007/s12029-014-9597-8 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.036 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1007/s10911-020-09442-7 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.7150/jca.26051 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1038/ng.3375 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000682 – start-page: 802 volume-title: Clonogenic assay with established human tumour xenografts: correlation of in vitro to in vivo activity as a basis for anticancer drug discovery year: 2004 ident: ref5 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.09.005 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.123 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.4149/neo_2015_071 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1055/s-2004-828895 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.044 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.9035 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2136-1 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4627 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0104:hlocca>2.0.co;2 – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100068 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts236 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11867-6 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600440 |
| SSID | ssj0064371 |
| Score | 2.2754576 |
| Snippet | PurposeBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous... Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare and show a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. To improve our understanding of these heterogeneous tumors... |
| SourceID | nrf unpaywall pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 219 |
| SubjectTerms | Animals Ascites Biliary Tract Neoplasms - drug therapy Cell Culture Techniques Heterografts Humans Original Prognosis 의학일반 |
| Title | Establishing Patient-Derived Cancer Cell Cultures and Xenografts in Biliary Tract Cancer |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35410113 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2649586273 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9873337 http://www.e-crt.org/upload/pdf/crt-2021-1166.pdf https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002923132 |
| UnpaywallVersion | publishedVersion |
| Volume | 55 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | Cancer Research and Treatment, 2023, 55(1), , pp.219-230 |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVEBS databaseName: EBSCOhost Academic Search Ultimate customDbUrl: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s3936755&profile=ehost&defaultdb=asn eissn: 2005-9256 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0064371 issn: 1598-2998 databaseCode: ABDBF dateStart: 20120301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=asn providerName: EBSCOhost – providerCode: PRVBFR databaseName: Free Medical Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2005-9256 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0064371 issn: 1598-2998 databaseCode: DIK dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com providerName: Flying Publisher – providerCode: PRVERR databaseName: KoreaMed Open Access customDbUrl: eissn: 2005-9256 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0064371 issn: 1598-2998 databaseCode: 5-W dateStart: 20010101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://koreamed.org/journals providerName: Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors – providerCode: PRVAQN databaseName: PubMed Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2005-9256 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0064371 issn: 1598-2998 databaseCode: RPM dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ providerName: National Library of Medicine |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1bb9MwFD7aWgl4GdexcJmMQPBCsiROnOax7VYNpE0TWqXyZNmOA1GjtEoT0Pj1HOdSUQ3QnhL5KtvH9nfs4-8AvHMDT8k4SG3KtG8H0k9twTSzZSiZdKnwqTTnkBeX7HwefF6Eiz3oHRc2VpW2KtvHBvU6X4nkZJ2kJxiEA-p7tucx5mDIPgyZuVMawHB-eTX-2vCixuZFQeP_tmHYjHE_b3k1A4QFpgzHlOGYMnb2of2iTP8GMW9bSt6vi7W4-Sny_I9taPYQvvSPeVrrk6VTV9JRv25zO969hY_goAOlZNxK0WPY08UTuHfRXbs_hcUZYsj-uIpctVSs9ikK7w-dkKkRnJJMdZ6TlqFTb4goErLQhTH-SqsNyQoyyfJMlDfk2rzL6jI9g_ns7Hp6bncuGWyFM72yqUKNQiGoiRQNNEM0p0KdGqcKTAauCKRCxCDYSPpCuIpKgfqeELHvpTTRuJ7RQxgUq0IfAaEs9fSI0cj3dTBKmIgUc7XA9U5qF_Nb8LEfIK46vnLjNiPnqLeY8eTYY9z0GDc9ZsH7bfJ1S9Txr4RvcbT5UmXcUGub77cVX5YcFYhPxuINQdjIteBNLw0cJ5y5RRGFXtUbjggyDlEPjKgFz1vp2FZIwwAL8DAm2pGbbQJT425MkX1vSL1j7BxKIws-bCXs_-14ceeUL-EB_tP24OgVDKqy1q8RSlXyGIbjyelkdtxNot-NdhxM |
| linkProvider | Unpaywall |
| linkToUnpaywall | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1bb9MwFD7aOgn2wh0WbjICwQvOkjhxmsdRNg2kTRNapfJk2Y4DUSO3ShvQ-PUc51JRDdCeEvkq28f2d-zj7wC8CeJQqywuKOMmorGKCiq54VQliquAyYgpdw55ds5Pp_HnWTLbgcFxYWtVSXXdPTZoltVC5ofLvDjEIBzQKKRhyLmPIbuwx92d0gj2pucXR19bXtTMvSho_d-2DJsZ7ucdr2aMsMCV4bsyfFfG1j60a-vibxDzuqXk7cYu5dVPWVV_bEMnd-HL8Jinsz6Z-81a-frXdW7Hm7fwHtzpQSk56qToPuwY-wBunfXX7g9hdowYcjiuIhcdFSv9iML7w-Rk4gSnJhNTVaRj6DQrIm1OZsY6469ivSKlJR_KqpT1Fbl077L6TI9genJ8OTmlvUsGqnGmrynTqFFoBDWpZrHhiOZ0YgrnVIGrOJCx0ogYJB-rSMpAMyVR35Myi8KC5QbXM_YYRnZhzQEQxovQjDlLo8jE45zLVPPASFzvlAkwvwfvhwESuucrd24zKoF6ixtPgT0mXI8J12MevN0kX3ZEHf9K-BpHW8x1KRy1tvt-W4h5LVCB-OQs3hCEjQMPXg3SIHDCuVsUac2iWQlEkFmCemDKPHjSScemQpbEWECIMemW3GwSuBq3Y2z5vSX1zrBzGEs9eLeRsP-34-mNUz6Dffxn3cHRcxit68a8QCi1Vi_7yfMbs5Ya2g |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Establishing+Patient-Derived+Cancer+Cell+Cultures+and+Xenografts+in+Biliary+Tract+Cancer&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research+and+treatment&rft.au=%EA%B0%95%EC%A7%80%ED%9B%88&rft.au=%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80%EC%98%81&rft.au=%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%A0%EB%AF%BC&rft.au=%EA%B9%80%EB%8B%A8%EB%B9%84&rft.date=2023-01-01&rft.pub=%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EC%95%94%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C&rft.issn=1598-2998&rft.eissn=2005-9256&rft.spage=219&rft.epage=230&rft_id=info:doi/10.4143%2Fcrt.2021.1166&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_10106680 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1598-2998&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1598-2998&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1598-2998&client=summon |