Modern Pathologic Diagnosis of Renal Oncocytoma

• Published in: Journal of kidney cancer and VHL Vol. 4; no. 4; pp. 1 - 12
• Main Authors: Wobker, Sara E., Williamson, Sean R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Codon Publications 01.01.2017
• Subjects: Biopsy; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma; Cytoplasm; kidney; Kidney cancer; Kidney stones; Labeling; Laboratories; Medical diagnosis; Medical imaging; Morphology; oncocytic neoplasm; oncocytoma; Pathology; renal mass; renal mass biopsy; Review; Tomography; Tumors; kidney; oncocytic neoplasm; renal mass biopsy; succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma; oncocytoma; renal mass
• ISSN: 2203-5826; 2203-5826
• DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.2017.96

Oncocytoma is a well-defined benign renal tumor, with classic gross and histologic features, including a tan or mahogany-colored mass with central scar, microscopic nested architecture, bland cytology, and round, regular nuclei with prominent central nucleoli. As a result of variations in this classic appearance, difficulty in standardizing diagnostic criteria, and entities that mimic oncocytoma, such as eosinophilic variant chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma, pathologic diagnosis remains a challenge. This review addresses the current state of pathologic diagnosis of oncocytoma, with emphasis on modern diagnostic markers, areas of controversy, and emerging techniques for less invasive diagnosis, including renal mass biopsy and advanced imaging.