Distribution of lung tissue hysteresis during free breathing
Purpose: To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Methods: Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneousl...
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| Published in | Medical physics (Lancaster) Vol. 40; no. 4; pp. 043501 - n/a |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
American Association of Physicists in Medicine
01.04.2013
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0094-2405 2473-4209 1522-8541 2473-4209 0094-2405 |
| DOI | 10.1118/1.4794504 |
Cover
| Abstract | Purpose:
To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions.
Methods:
Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue,
$\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
X
⇀
, as:
$\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {v,f:{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } ) = {\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 + {\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } )v + {\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } )f,}$
X
⇀
(
v
,
f
:
X
⇀
0
)
=
X
⇀
0
+
α
⇀
(
X
⇀
0
)
v
+
β
⇀
(
X
⇀
0
)
f
,
where
$\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0} $
X
⇀
0
is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors
$\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
α
⇀
and
$\smash{{\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
β
⇀
are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the
$\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
α
⇀
vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the
$\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
α
⇀
and
$\smash{{\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $
β
⇀
motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the
${\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} $
α
⇀
vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis.
Results:
The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were
$\bar \zeta = 0.120 \pm 0.064$
ζ
¯
=
0.120
±
0.064
and
$\bar \zeta = 0.090 \pm 0.055$
ζ
¯
=
0.090
±
0.055
, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were
$\bar \zeta = 0.107 \pm 0.060$
ζ
¯
=
0.107
±
0.060
and
$\bar \zeta = 0.082 \pm 0.048$
ζ
¯
=
0.082
±
0.048
, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs.
Conclusions:
The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions.PURPOSETo characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions.Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, X, as: X(v,f:X0)=X0+α(X0)v+β(X0)f, where X0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors α and β are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the α vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the α and β motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the α vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis.METHODSForty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, X, as: X(v,f:X0)=X0+α(X0)v+β(X0)f, where X0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors α and β are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the α vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the α and β motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the α vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis.The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were ζ=0.120 ± 0.064 and ζ=0.090 ± 0.055, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were ζ=0.107 ± 0.060 and ζ=0.082 ± 0.048, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs.RESULTSThe 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were ζ=0.120 ± 0.064 and ζ=0.090 ± 0.055, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were ζ=0.107 ± 0.060 and ζ=0.082 ± 0.048, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs.The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies.CONCLUSIONSThe hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, X, as: X(v,f:X0)=X0+α(X0)v+β(X0)f, where X0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors α and β are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the α vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the α and β motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the α vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis. The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were ζ=0.120 ± 0.064 and ζ=0.090 ± 0.055, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were ζ=0.107 ± 0.060 and ζ=0.082 ± 0.048, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs. The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. Purpose: To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Methods: Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, equation*X^equation* X⇀, as: equation*X^ ( v,f:X^ _0 ) = X^ _0 + ^ ( X^ _0 )v + ^ ( X^ _0 )f,equation* X⇀(v,f:X⇀0)=X⇀0+α⇀(X⇀0)v+β⇀(X⇀0)f, where equation*X^ _0equation* X⇀0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors equation*^equation* α⇀ and equation*^equation* β⇀ are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the equation*^equation* α⇀ vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the equation*^equation* α⇀ and equation*^equation* β⇀ motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the equation*^equation* α⇀ vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis. Results: The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were equation* = 0.120 0.064equation* ζ¯=0.120±0.064 and equation* = 0.090 0.055equation* ζ¯=0.090±0.055, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were equation* = 0.107 0.060equation* ζ¯=0.107±0.060 and equation* = 0.082 0.048equation* ζ¯=0.082±0.048, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs. Conclusions: The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. Purpose: To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Methods: Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16‐slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five‐dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, X⇀, as: X⇀(v,f:X⇀0)=X⇀0+α⇀(X⇀0)v+β⇀(X⇀0)f, where X⇀0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors α⇀ and β⇀ are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the α⇀ vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the α⇀ and β⇀ motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the α⇀ vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis. Results: The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were ζ¯=0.120±0.064 and ζ¯=0.090±0.055, respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were ζ¯=0.107±0.060 and ζ¯=0.082±0.048, respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs. Conclusions: The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume‐filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated, useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. Purpose: To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Methods: Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of 25 ciné scans at abutting couch positions on a 16-slice scanner. The tidal volume of each scan was measured by simultaneously acquiring spirometry and an abdominal pneumatic bellows. The concept of a characteristic breath was developed to manage otherwise natural breathing pattern variations. The characteristic breath was found by first dividing the breathing traces into individual breaths, from maximum exhalation to maximum exhalation. A linear breathing drift model was assumed and the drift removed for each breath. Breaths that exceeded one standard deviation in period or amplitude were removed from further analysis. A characteristic breath was defined by normalizing each breath to a common amplitude, aligning the peak inhalation times for all of the breaths, and determining the average time at each tidal volume, keeping inhalation and exhalation separate. Breathing motion trajectories were computed using a previously published five-dimensional lung tissue trajectory model which expresses the position of internal lung tissue, $\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ X ⇀ , as: $\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {v,f:{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } ) = {\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 + {\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } )v + {\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} ( {{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0 } )f,}$ X ⇀ ( v , f : X ⇀ 0 ) = X ⇀ 0 + α ⇀ ( X ⇀ 0 ) v + β ⇀ ( X ⇀ 0 ) f , where $\smash{{\mathop{X}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} _0} $ X ⇀ 0 is the internal lung tissue position at zero tidal volume and zero airflow, the scalar values v and f are the measured tidal volume and airflow, respectively, and the vectors $\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ α ⇀ and $\smash{{\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ β ⇀ are fitted free parameters. In order to characterize the motion patterns, the trajectory elongations were examined throughout the subject's lungs. Elongation was defined here by generating a rectangular bounding box with one side parallel to the $\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ α ⇀ vector and the box oriented in the plane defined by the $\smash{{\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ α ⇀ and $\smash{{\mathop{\beta}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}}} $ β ⇀ motion vectors. Hysteresis motion was defined as the ratio of the box dimensions aligned orthogonal to and parallel to the ${\mathop{\alpha}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}} $ α ⇀ vector. The 15th and 85th percentile of the elongation were used to characterize tissue trajectory hysteresis. Results: The 15th and 85th percentile bounding box elongations were 0.090 ± 0.005 and 0.083 ± 0.013 in the upper left lung and 0.187 ± 0.037 and 0.203 ± 0.053, in the lower left lung. The 15th and 85th percentiles for the upper right lung were 0.092 ± 0.006 and 0.085 ± 0.013, and 0.184 ± 0.038, and 0.196 ± 0.043 in the lower right lung. Both percentiles were calculated for tidal volume displacements between 5 and 15 mm. In the left lung, the average elongations in the upper and lower lung were $\bar \zeta = 0.120 \pm 0.064$ ζ ¯ = 0.120 ± 0.064 and $\bar \zeta = 0.090 \pm 0.055$ ζ ¯ = 0.090 ± 0.055 , respectively. The average elongations in the upper and lower right lung were $\bar \zeta = 0.107 \pm 0.060$ ζ ¯ = 0.107 ± 0.060 and $\bar \zeta = 0.082 \pm 0.048$ ζ ¯ = 0.082 ± 0.048 , respectively. The elongation varied smoothly throughout the lungs. Conclusions: The hysteresis motion was relatively small compared to the volume-filling motion, contributing between 8% and 20% of the overall motion. Statistically significant differences were observed in the range of hysteresis contribution for upper and lower lung regions. The characteristic breath process provided an excellent method for defining an average breath. The characteristic breath had continuous tidal volume and airflow characteristics when the breath was continuously repeated,useful for generating patterns representative of realistic motion for breathing motion studies. |
| Author | El Naqa, Issam Wuenschel, Sara White, Benjamin Zhao, Tianyu Lamb, James Low, Daniel Bradley, Jeffrey |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Benjamin surname: White fullname: White, Benjamin email: bmwhite@mednet.ucla.edu organization: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite B265, Los Angeles, California 90095 – sequence: 2 givenname: Tianyu surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Tianyu organization: University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32209 – sequence: 3 givenname: James surname: Lamb fullname: Lamb, James organization: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite B265, Los Angeles, California 90095 – sequence: 4 givenname: Sara surname: Wuenschel fullname: Wuenschel, Sara organization: Washington University of St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 – sequence: 5 givenname: Jeffrey surname: Bradley fullname: Bradley, Jeffrey organization: Washington University of St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 – sequence: 6 givenname: Issam surname: El Naqa fullname: El Naqa, Issam organization: McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada – sequence: 7 givenname: Daniel surname: Low fullname: Low, Daniel organization: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Westwood, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite B265, Los Angeles, California 90095 |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23556925$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | American Association of Physicists in Medicine 2013 American Association of Physicists in Medicine Copyright © 2013 American Association of Physicists in Medicine 2013 American Association of Physicists in Medicine |
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| Issue | 4 |
| Keywords | 4DCT Lung Hysteresis |
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To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions.
Methods:
Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT... To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT protocol consisting of... To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions.PURPOSETo characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion... Purpose: To characterize and quantify free breathing lung tissue motion distributions. Methods: Forty seven patient data sets were acquired using a 4DCT... |
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| SubjectTerms | 4DCT Algorithms Cancer Computer Simulation Computerised tomographs computerised tomography data acquisition Data acquisition and logging Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications Elastic properties elongation Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography - methods Humans Hysteresis Image data processing or generation, in general image reconstruction image registration Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods lung Lung - diagnostic imaging Lung - physiopathology Lung Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging Lung Neoplasms - physiopathology Lungs medical image processing Medical image reconstruction Medical imaging Models, Biological Motion Multislice Pneumatics Pneumodyamics, respiration pneumodynamics Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods Reconstruction Registration Reproducibility of Results Respiratory Mechanics Sensitivity and Specificity statistical analysis Tissue characterization Tissue Measurements Tissues Trajectory models |
| Title | Distribution of lung tissue hysteresis during free breathing |
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