A compact static birefringent interferometer for the measurement of upper atmospheric winds: concept, design and lab performance
A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened birefringent delay plate...
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| Published in | Atmospheric measurement techniques Vol. 14; no. 9; pp. 6213 - 6232 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Katlenburg-Lindau
Copernicus GmbH
28.09.2021
Copernicus Publications |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1867-8548 1867-1381 1867-8548 |
| DOI | 10.5194/amt-14-6213-2021 |
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| Abstract | A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called
the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been
developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using
suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened
birefringent delay plate placed between two crossed Wollaston prisms with an
imaging system, waveplates and polarizers to produce four fixed 90∘
phase-stepped images of the interference fringes conjugate to the scene of
interest. A four-point algorithm is used to extract line-of-sight Doppler
wind measurements across the image of the scene. The arrangement provides a
similar throughput to that of a field-widened Michelson interferometer;
however, the interferometric component of BIDWIN is smaller, simpler to
assemble and less complicated to operate. Consequently, the instrument
provides a compact, lightweight and robust alternative that can be
constructed and operated with lower cost. In this paper, the instrument
concept is presented, and the design and optimization of a prototype version
of the instrument are discussed. Characterization of the lab prototype is
presented, and the performance of the instrument is examined by applying the
instrument to measure a low-velocity two-dimensional Doppler wind field with
a high precision (5 m s−1) in the lab. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened birefringent delay plate placed between two crossed Wollaston prisms with an imaging system, waveplates and polarizers to produce four fixed 90∘ phase-stepped images of the interference fringes conjugate to the scene of interest. A four-point algorithm is used to extract line-of-sight Doppler wind measurements across the image of the scene. The arrangement provides a similar throughput to that of a field-widened Michelson interferometer; however, the interferometric component of BIDWIN is smaller, simpler to assemble and less complicated to operate. Consequently, the instrument provides a compact, lightweight and robust alternative that can be constructed and operated with lower cost. In this paper, the instrument concept is presented, and the design and optimization of a prototype version of the instrument are discussed. Characterization of the lab prototype is presented, and the performance of the instrument is examined by applying the instrument to measure a low-velocity two-dimensional Doppler wind field with a high precision (5 m s-1) in the lab. A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened birefringent delay plate placed between two crossed Wollaston prisms with an imaging system, waveplates and polarizers to produce four fixed 90 ∘ phase-stepped images of the interference fringes conjugate to the scene of interest. A four-point algorithm is used to extract line-of-sight Doppler wind measurements across the image of the scene. The arrangement provides a similar throughput to that of a field-widened Michelson interferometer; however, the interferometric component of BIDWIN is smaller, simpler to assemble and less complicated to operate. Consequently, the instrument provides a compact, lightweight and robust alternative that can be constructed and operated with lower cost. In this paper, the instrument concept is presented, and the design and optimization of a prototype version of the instrument are discussed. Characterization of the lab prototype is presented, and the performance of the instrument is examined by applying the instrument to measure a low-velocity two-dimensional Doppler wind field with a high precision (5 m s −1 ) in the lab. A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened birefringent delay plate placed between two crossed Wollaston prisms with an imaging system, waveplates and polarizers to produce four fixed 90∘ phase-stepped images of the interference fringes conjugate to the scene of interest. A four-point algorithm is used to extract line-of-sight Doppler wind measurements across the image of the scene. The arrangement provides a similar throughput to that of a field-widened Michelson interferometer; however, the interferometric component of BIDWIN is smaller, simpler to assemble and less complicated to operate. Consequently, the instrument provides a compact, lightweight and robust alternative that can be constructed and operated with lower cost. In this paper, the instrument concept is presented, and the design and optimization of a prototype version of the instrument are discussed. Characterization of the lab prototype is presented, and the performance of the instrument is examined by applying the instrument to measure a low-velocity two-dimensional Doppler wind field with a high precision (5 m s−1) in the lab. A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of observing upper atmospheric winds using suitably isolated airglow emissions. The instrument combines a field-widened birefringent delay plate placed between two crossed Wollaston prisms with an imaging system, waveplates and polarizers to produce four fixed 90.sup." phase-stepped images of the interference fringes conjugate to the scene of interest. A four-point algorithm is used to extract line-of-sight Doppler wind measurements across the image of the scene. The arrangement provides a similar throughput to that of a field-widened Michelson interferometer; however, the interferometric component of BIDWIN is smaller, simpler to assemble and less complicated to operate. Consequently, the instrument provides a compact, lightweight and robust alternative that can be constructed and operated with lower cost. In this paper, the instrument concept is presented, and the design and optimization of a prototype version of the instrument are discussed. Characterization of the lab prototype is presented, and the performance of the instrument is examined by applying the instrument to measure a low-velocity two-dimensional Doppler wind field with a high precision (5 m s.sup.-1) in the lab. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Scott, Alan Touahiri, Driss Bell, Andrew Ward, William E. Gault, William A. Langille, Jeffery A. Zheng, Sheng-Hai Yan, Tingyu Zhang, Chunmin |
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| Snippet | A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called
the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been
developed for the purpose of... A new compact static wind imaging interferometer, called the Birefringent Doppler Wind Imaging Interferometer (BIDWIN), has been developed for the purpose of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Airglow Algorithms Atmosphere Design Design and construction Design optimization Doppler effect Doppler sonar Gravity waves Ground stations Imaging Imaging systems Imaging techniques Interference fringes Measurement Michelson interferometers Optical instruments Physical instruments Polarizers Prisms Prototypes Satellites Wind Wind fields Wind measurement Winds |
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| Title | A compact static birefringent interferometer for the measurement of upper atmospheric winds: concept, design and lab performance |
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