Point-of-Use Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2: Nanotechnology-Enabled Solutions for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment....

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Published in	International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 14; p. 5126
Main Authors	Rabiee, Navid, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Ghasemi, Amir, Zare, Hossein, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Fatahi, Yousef, Dinarvand, Rassoul, Rabiee, Mohammad, Ramakrishna, Seeram, Shokouhimehr, Mohammadreza, Varma, Rajender S.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Switzerland MDPI AG 20.07.2020 MDPI
Subjects	Betacoronavirus - genetics Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis Coronaviruses COVID-19 Genome, Viral - genetics Humans Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry Metal-Organic Frameworks - chemistry Nanomaterials Nanotechnology - methods Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis Point-of-Care Systems Review RNA, Viral - genetics SARS-CoV-2 Viruses Whole Genome Sequencing China COVID-19 nanotechnology point-of-use SARS-CoV-2 rapid detection of virus nanoparticles
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067
DOI	10.3390/ijms21145126

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Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment. Considering the global healthcare urgency, several techniques, including whole genome sequencing and computed tomography imaging have been employed for diagnosing infected people. Considerable efforts are also directed at detecting and preventing different modes of community transmission. Among them is the rapid detection of virus presence on different surfaces with which people may come in contact. Detection based on non-contact optical techniques is very helpful in managing the spread of the virus, and to aid in the disinfection of surfaces. Nanomaterial-based methods are proven suitable for rapid detection. Given the immense need for science led innovative solutions, this manuscript critically reviews recent literature to specifically illustrate nano-engineered effective and rapid solutions. In addition, all the different techniques are critically analyzed, compared, and contrasted to identify the most promising methods. Moreover, promising research ideas for high accuracy of detection in trace concentrations, via color change and light-sensitive nanostructures, to assist fingerprint techniques (to identify the virus at the contact surface of the gas and solid phase) are also presented.
AbstractList	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment. Considering the global healthcare urgency, several techniques, including whole genome sequencing and computed tomography imaging have been employed for diagnosing infected people. Considerable efforts are also directed at detecting and preventing different modes of community transmission. Among them is the rapid detection of virus presence on different surfaces with which people may come in contact. Detection based on non-contact optical techniques is very helpful in managing the spread of the virus, and to aid in the disinfection of surfaces. Nanomaterial-based methods are proven suitable for rapid detection. Given the immense need for science led innovative solutions, this manuscript critically reviews recent literature to specifically illustrate nano-engineered effective and rapid solutions. In addition, all the different techniques are critically analyzed, compared, and contrasted to identify the most promising methods. Moreover, promising research ideas for high accuracy of detection in trace concentrations, via color change and light-sensitive nanostructures, to assist fingerprint techniques (to identify the virus at the contact surface of the gas and solid phase) are also presented. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment. Considering the global healthcare urgency, several techniques, including whole genome sequencing and computed tomography imaging have been employed for diagnosing infected people. Considerable efforts are also directed at detecting and preventing different modes of community transmission. Among them is the rapid detection of virus presence on different surfaces with which people may come in contact. Detection based on non-contact optical techniques is very helpful in managing the spread of the virus, and to aid in the disinfection of surfaces. Nanomaterial-based methods are proven suitable for rapid detection. Given the immense need for science led innovative solutions, this manuscript critically reviews recent literature to specifically illustrate nano-engineered effective and rapid solutions. In addition, all the different techniques are critically analyzed, compared, and contrasted to identify the most promising methods. Moreover, promising research ideas for high accuracy of detection in trace concentrations, via color change and light-sensitive nanostructures, to assist fingerprint techniques (to identify the virus at the contact surface of the gas and solid phase) are also presented.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More than 10 million affected cases and more than half a million deaths have been reported so far, while no vaccine is yet available as a treatment. Considering the global healthcare urgency, several techniques, including whole genome sequencing and computed tomography imaging have been employed for diagnosing infected people. Considerable efforts are also directed at detecting and preventing different modes of community transmission. Among them is the rapid detection of virus presence on different surfaces with which people may come in contact. Detection based on non-contact optical techniques is very helpful in managing the spread of the virus, and to aid in the disinfection of surfaces. Nanomaterial-based methods are proven suitable for rapid detection. Given the immense need for science led innovative solutions, this manuscript critically reviews recent literature to specifically illustrate nano-engineered effective and rapid solutions. In addition, all the different techniques are critically analyzed, compared, and contrasted to identify the most promising methods. Moreover, promising research ideas for high accuracy of detection in trace concentrations, via color change and light-sensitive nanostructures, to assist fingerprint techniques (to identify the virus at the contact surface of the gas and solid phase) are also presented.
Author	Rabiee, Navid Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba Fatahi, Yousef Varma, Rajender S. Rabiee, Mohammad Ahmadi, Sepideh Ghasemi, Amir Dinarvand, Rassoul Zare, Hossein Shokouhimehr, Mohammadreza Ramakrishna, Seeram
AuthorAffiliation	3 Biomaterials Group, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16844, Iran; zare.hossein.1989@gmail.com 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran; youseffatahi@gmail.com (Y.F.); dinarvand@tums.ac.ir (R.D.) 9 Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran; mrabiee@aut.ac.ir 10 Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore; seeram@nus.edu.sg 7 Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9466, Iran; ghasemi.mse@gmail.com 1 Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran; nrabiee94@gmail.com (N.R.); bagherzadeh@sharif.edu (M.B.) 11
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 7 Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran – name: 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9466, Iran; ghasemi.mse@gmail.com – name: 4 Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran; speahmadi@yahoo.com – name: 1 Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran; nrabiee94@gmail.com (N.R.); bagherzadeh@sharif.edu (M.B.) – name: 12 Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic – name: 9 Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran; mrabiee@aut.ac.ir – name: 11 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea – name: 8 Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 15875-4413, Iran – name: 10 Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore; seeram@nus.edu.sg – name: 3 Biomaterials Group, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16844, Iran; zare.hossein.1989@gmail.com – name: 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran; youseffatahi@gmail.com (Y.F.); dinarvand@tums.ac.ir (R.D.) – name: 5 Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran
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BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698479$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords	COVID-19 nanotechnology point-of-use SARS-CoV-2 rapid detection of virus nanoparticles
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Snippet	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic that has been spreading around the world since December 2019. More...
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SubjectTerms	Betacoronavirus - genetics Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis Coronaviruses COVID-19 Genome, Viral - genetics Humans Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry Metal-Organic Frameworks - chemistry Nanomaterials Nanotechnology - methods Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis Point-of-Care Systems Review RNA, Viral - genetics SARS-CoV-2 Viruses Whole Genome Sequencing
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