Omega‐3 fatty acids in coronary heart disease: Recent updates and future perspectives

Summary Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega‐3 (ω‐3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic aci...

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Published in	Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology Vol. 46; no. 1; pp. 11 - 18
Main Authors	Ajith, Thekkuttuparambil A., Jayakumar, Thankamani G.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Australia Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2019
Subjects	Antihypertensives Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Clinical trials Coronary artery disease Coronary Disease - prevention & control coronary heart disease cyclooxygenase Dietary supplements Docosahexaenoic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid Etiology Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology Fish Fish oils Glycerol Heart diseases Humans Inflammation lipoxygenase Meals Medical research myocardial infarction Oils & fats omega‐3 fatty acids Risk analysis Risk factors Risk management lipoxygenase cyclooxygenase coronary heart disease omega-3 fatty acids myocardial infarction
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ISSN	0305-1870 1440-1681 1440-1681
DOI	10.1111/1440-1681.13034

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Abstract	Summary Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega‐3 (ω‐3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD. The effect can be ascribed to anti‐inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD. Despite the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω‐3 FAs, variations in the EPA:DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω‐3 FAs with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω‐3 FAs in CHD.
AbstractList	Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega‐3 (ω‐3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD. The effect can be ascribed to anti‐inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD. Despite the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω‐3 FAs, variations in the EPA:DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω‐3 FAs with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω‐3 FAs in CHD. Summary Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega‐3 (ω‐3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD. The effect can be ascribed to anti‐inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD. Despite the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω‐3 FAs, variations in the EPA:DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω‐3 FAs with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω‐3 FAs in CHD. Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD. The effect can be ascribed to anti-inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD. Despite the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω-3 FAs, variations in the EPA:DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω-3 FAs with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω-3 FAs in CHD.Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD. The effect can be ascribed to anti-inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD. Despite the beneficial effects of EPA/DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω-3 FAs, variations in the EPA:DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω-3 FAs with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω-3 FAs in CHD. Incidence of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary modification has been recommended to reduce the prevalence. Omega‐3 (ω‐3) fatty acids ( FA s), eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ), of fish oil are beneficial for the prevention of CHD . The effect can be ascribed to anti‐inflammatory, vasodilating, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive activities and lowering of triacyl glycerol level. The American Heart Association advises two fish meals per week in subjects without CHD or supplementation of 1 g of EPA plus DHA per day in subjects with CHD . Despite the beneficial effects of EPA / DHA reported in some of the clinical trials, results of many others were inconsistent that can be ascribed to short duration of studies, low doses of ω‐3 FA s, variations in the EPA : DHA ratio, selection of patients with different risk factors or interaction of ω‐3 FA s with drugs used in the therapy. Therefore, well designed clinical trials in various populations are warranted. This article discusses the current situation and future prospective of ω‐3 FA s in CHD .
Author	Ajith, Thekkuttuparambil A. Jayakumar, Thankamani G.
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Keywords	lipoxygenase cyclooxygenase coronary heart disease omega-3 fatty acids myocardial infarction
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Snippet	Summary Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary... Incidence of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary... Incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases worldwide with varying etiological factors. In addition to the control of risk factors, dietary...
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SubjectTerms	Antihypertensives Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Clinical trials Coronary artery disease Coronary Disease - prevention & control coronary heart disease cyclooxygenase Dietary supplements Docosahexaenoic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid Etiology Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology Fish Fish oils Glycerol Heart diseases Humans Inflammation lipoxygenase Meals Medical research myocardial infarction Oils & fats omega‐3 fatty acids Risk analysis Risk factors Risk management
Title	Omega‐3 fatty acids in coronary heart disease: Recent updates and future perspectives
URI	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2F1440-1681.13034 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30230571 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2153761405 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2121508787
Volume	46
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