Hepatocyte-Macrophage Acetoacetate Shuttle Protects against Tissue Fibrosis

Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hep...

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Published inCell metabolism Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 383 - 398.e7
Main Authors Puchalska, Patrycja, Martin, Shannon E., Huang, Xiaojing, Lengfeld, Justin E., Daniel, Bence, Graham, Mark J., Han, Xianlin, Nagy, Laszlo, Patti, Gary J., Crawford, Peter A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 05.02.2019
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1550-4131
1932-7420
1932-7420
DOI10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.015

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Abstract Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [13C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[13C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [13C]glucose labeled ∼500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ∼15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages. [Display omitted] •Macrophages oxidize acetoacetate (AcAc), but not β-hydroxybutyrate•Metabolism of AcAc in macrophages extends into pathways beyond the TCA cycle•Effective AcAc competition with glucose requires its mitochondrial metabolism•Mitochondrial AcAc metabolism in macrophages protects against liver fibrosis Puchalska et al. combine stable isotope tracing with untargeted metabolomics to identify the specific roles of the ketone bodies, acetoacetate (AcAc) and D-β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB), in mediating metabolic plasticity in macrophages. They unveil a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle and show that AcAc protects the liver from high-fat-diet-induced fibrosis.
AbstractList Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [ 13 C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ~200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[ 13 C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [ 13 C]glucose labeled ~500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ~15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-CoA-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages. XXX et al combine stable isotope tracing with untargeted metabolomics to identify the specific roles of the ketone bodies, acetoacetate (AcAc) and D-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB), in mediating metabolic plasticity in macrophages. They unveil a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle and show that AcAc protects the liver from high fat diet-induced fibrosis.
Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [13C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[13C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [13C]glucose labeled ∼500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ∼15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages.Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [13C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[13C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [13C]glucose labeled ∼500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ∼15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages.
Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [13C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[13C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [13C]glucose labeled ∼500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ∼15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages. [Display omitted] •Macrophages oxidize acetoacetate (AcAc), but not β-hydroxybutyrate•Metabolism of AcAc in macrophages extends into pathways beyond the TCA cycle•Effective AcAc competition with glucose requires its mitochondrial metabolism•Mitochondrial AcAc metabolism in macrophages protects against liver fibrosis Puchalska et al. combine stable isotope tracing with untargeted metabolomics to identify the specific roles of the ketone bodies, acetoacetate (AcAc) and D-β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB), in mediating metabolic plasticity in macrophages. They unveil a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle and show that AcAc protects the liver from high-fat-diet-induced fibrosis.
Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [ C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[ C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. [ C]glucose labeled ∼500 features, and while unlabeled AcAc competed with only ∼15% of them, the vast majority required the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-coenzyme A-oxoacid transferase (SCOT). AcAc carbon labeled metabolites within the cytoplasmic glycosaminoglycan pathway, which regulates tissue fibrogenesis. Accordingly, livers of mice lacking SCOT in macrophages were predisposed to accelerated fibrogenesis. Exogenous AcAc, but not D-βOHB, ameliorated diet-induced hepatic fibrosis. These data support a hepatocyte-macrophage ketone shuttle that segregates AcAc from D-βOHB, coordinating the fibrogenic response to hepatic injury via mitochondrial metabolism in tissue macrophages.
Author Huang, Xiaojing
Graham, Mark J.
Daniel, Bence
Puchalska, Patrycja
Crawford, Peter A.
Lengfeld, Justin E.
Han, Xianlin
Nagy, Laszlo
Patti, Gary J.
Martin, Shannon E.
AuthorAffiliation 8 Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
4 Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
5 Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 USA
9 Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
1 Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
10 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
3 Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
6 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
2 Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnh
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30449686$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 2
Keywords macrophages
stable isotope tracing untargeted metabolomics
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
acetoacetate
immunometabolism
beta-hydroxybutyrate
ketone bodies
fibrosis
Language English
License Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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content type line 23
Conceptualization, P.P., X.H., and P.A.C.; Methodology, P.P., S.E.M., X.H., J.E.L., B.D., L.N., M.J.G., X.Ha., G.J.P., and P.A.C.; Investigation, P.P., S.E.M., X.H., J.E.L., and B.D.; Resources, P.A.C., M.J.G.; Writing – Original Draft, P.P. and P.A.C.; Writing – Review & Editing, all authors; Visualization, P.P., X.H., J.E.L., B.D., and P.A.C.; Supervision, X.Ha., L.N., G.J.P. and P.A.C.; Funding Acquisition, P.A.C.
Author Contributions
PMID 30449686
PQID 2135643982
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6559243
proquest_miscellaneous_2135643982
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crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_cmet_2018_10_015
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_cmet_2018_10_015
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  year: 2019
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  day: 05
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PublicationPlace United States
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PublicationTitle Cell metabolism
PublicationTitleAlternate Cell Metab
PublicationYear 2019
Publisher Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Inc
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Snippet Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain...
Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain...
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SubjectTerms 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid - metabolism
acetoacetate
Acetoacetates - metabolism
Animals
beta-hydroxybutyrate
fibrosis
Hepatocytes - metabolism
Hepatocytes - pathology
immunometabolism
ketone bodies
Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental - metabolism
macrophages
Macrophages - cytology
Macrophages - metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mitochondria - metabolism
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
stable isotope tracing untargeted metabolomics
Title Hepatocyte-Macrophage Acetoacetate Shuttle Protects against Tissue Fibrosis
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30449686
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2135643982
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6559243
Volume 29
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