Deriving Excitatory Neurons of the Neocortex from Pluripotent Stem Cells

The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative disorders. Recent innovations in cellular reprogramming and differentiation techniques have provided new ways to study the cellular components of the...

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Published inNeuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 70; no. 4; pp. 645 - 660
Main Authors Hansen, David V., Rubenstein, John L.R., Kriegstein, Arnold R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 26.05.2011
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Animals
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cell division
Disease
Embryos
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - physiology
Humans
Methods
Neocortex - cytology
Neocortex - physiology
Nervous system
Neurogenesis
Neurons
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - physiology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - physiology
Researchers
Stem cells
Studies
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0896-6273
1097-4199
1097-4199
DOI10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.006

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Abstract The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative disorders. Recent innovations in cellular reprogramming and differentiation techniques have provided new ways to study the cellular components of the cerebral cortex. Here, we discuss approaches to generate specific subtypes of excitatory cortical neurons from pluripotent stem cells. We review spatial and temporal aspects of cortical neuron specification that can guide efforts to produce excitatory neuron subtypes with increased resolution. Finally, we discuss distinguishing features of human cortical development and their translational ramifications for cortical stem cell technologies.
AbstractList The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative disorders. Recent innovations in cellular reprogramming and differentiation techniques have provided new ways to study the cellular components of the cerebral cortex. Here, we discuss approaches to generate specific subtypes of excitatory cortical neurons from pluripotent stem cells. We review spatial and temporal aspects of cortical neuron specification that can guide efforts to produce excitatory neuron subtypes with increased resolution. Finally, we discuss distinguishing features of human cortical development and their translational ramifications for cortical stem cell technologies.
The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative disorders. Recent innovations in cellular reprogramming and differentiation techniques have provided new ways to study the cellular components of the cerebral cortex. Here, we discuss approaches to generate specific subtypes of excitatory cortical neurons from pluripotent stem cells. We review spatial and temporal aspects of cortical neuron specification that can guide efforts to produce excitatory neuron subtypes with increased resolution. Finally, we discuss distinguishing features of human cortical development and their translational ramifications for cortical stem cell technologies.The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative disorders. Recent innovations in cellular reprogramming and differentiation techniques have provided new ways to study the cellular components of the cerebral cortex. Here, we discuss approaches to generate specific subtypes of excitatory cortical neurons from pluripotent stem cells. We review spatial and temporal aspects of cortical neuron specification that can guide efforts to produce excitatory neuron subtypes with increased resolution. Finally, we discuss distinguishing features of human cortical development and their translational ramifications for cortical stem cell technologies.
Author Hansen, David V.
Kriegstein, Arnold R.
Rubenstein, John L.R.
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Neurology, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco 94143
2 Department of Psychiatry, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco 94143
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Neurology, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco 94143
– name: 2 Department of Psychiatry, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco 94143
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: David V.
  surname: Hansen
  fullname: Hansen, David V.
  organization: Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: John L.R.
  surname: Rubenstein
  fullname: Rubenstein, John L.R.
  organization: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Arnold R.
  surname: Kriegstein
  fullname: Kriegstein, Arnold R.
  email: kriegsteina@stemcell.ucsf.edu
  organization: Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21609822$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental and degenerative...
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SubjectTerms Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Animals
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cell division
Disease
Embryos
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - physiology
Humans
Methods
Neocortex - cytology
Neocortex - physiology
Nervous system
Neurogenesis
Neurons
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - physiology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - physiology
Researchers
Stem cells
Studies
Title Deriving Excitatory Neurons of the Neocortex from Pluripotent Stem Cells
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.006
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21609822
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1694707442
https://www.proquest.com/docview/868768104
https://www.proquest.com/docview/874183747
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3124445
Volume 70
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