New insights into human immune memory from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination

Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS‐CoV‐2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals,...

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Published inAllergy (Copenhagen) Vol. 77; no. 12; pp. 3553 - 3566
Main Authors Hartley, Gemma E., Edwards, Emily S. J., O’Hehir, Robyn E., Zelm, Menno C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Denmark Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2022
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Allergies
antibodies
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID‐19
disease severity
durability
Humans
hypersensitivity
immune memory
Immune response
Immunologic Memory
Immunological memory
Infections
memory B cells
Memory cells
memory T cells
Morbidity
pandemic
Pandemics
Review
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccination
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
immune memory
memory B cells
memory T cells
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0105-4538
1398-9995
1398-9995
DOI10.1111/all.15502

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Abstract Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS‐CoV‐2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals, technologies to evaluate immune responses to infection and vaccination, and new therapeutic strategies to treat infected individuals. Never before has immunology been so critically at the forefront of combatting a global pandemic. It has now become evident that not just antibody responses, but formation and durability of immune memory cells following vaccination are associated with protection against severe disease from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Furthermore, the emergence of variants of concern (VoC) highlight the need for immunological markers to quantify the protective capacity of Wuhan‐based vaccines. Thus, harnessing and modulating the immune response is key to successful vaccination and treatment of disease. We here review the latest knowledge about immune memory generation and durability following natural infection and vaccination, and provide insights into the attributes of immune memory that may protect from emerging variants.
AbstractList Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS‐CoV‐2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals, technologies to evaluate immune responses to infection and vaccination, and new therapeutic strategies to treat infected individuals. Never before has immunology been so critically at the forefront of combatting a global pandemic. It has now become evident that not just antibody responses, but formation and durability of immune memory cells following vaccination are associated with protection against severe disease from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Furthermore, the emergence of variants of concern (VoC) highlight the need for immunological markers to quantify the protective capacity of Wuhan‐based vaccines. Thus, harnessing and modulating the immune response is key to successful vaccination and treatment of disease. We here review the latest knowledge about immune memory generation and durability following natural infection and vaccination, and provide insights into the attributes of immune memory that may protect from emerging variants.
Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals, technologies to evaluate immune responses to infection and vaccination, and new therapeutic strategies to treat infected individuals. Never before has immunology been so critically at the forefront of combatting a global pandemic. It has now become evident that not just antibody responses, but formation and durability of immune memory cells following vaccination are associated with protection against severe disease from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the emergence of variants of concern (VoC) highlight the need for immunological markers to quantify the protective capacity of Wuhan-based vaccines. Thus, harnessing and modulating the immune response is key to successful vaccination and treatment of disease. We here review the latest knowledge about immune memory generation and durability following natural infection and vaccination, and provide insights into the attributes of immune memory that may protect from emerging variants.Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated 6 million deaths globally. The scientific community pivoted rapidly, providing unique and innovative means to identify infected individuals, technologies to evaluate immune responses to infection and vaccination, and new therapeutic strategies to treat infected individuals. Never before has immunology been so critically at the forefront of combatting a global pandemic. It has now become evident that not just antibody responses, but formation and durability of immune memory cells following vaccination are associated with protection against severe disease from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the emergence of variants of concern (VoC) highlight the need for immunological markers to quantify the protective capacity of Wuhan-based vaccines. Thus, harnessing and modulating the immune response is key to successful vaccination and treatment of disease. We here review the latest knowledge about immune memory generation and durability following natural infection and vaccination, and provide insights into the attributes of immune memory that may protect from emerging variants.
Author Zelm, Menno C.
Edwards, Emily S. J.
O’Hehir, Robyn E.
Hartley, Gemma E.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia
1 Allergy and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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2022 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Issue 12
Keywords COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
immune memory
memory B cells
memory T cells
Language English
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2021; 374
2018; 12
2005; 16
1990; 9
2003; 100
2022; 225
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2021; 27
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2011; 317
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2022; 71
2020; 369
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2008; 73
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2020; 3
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2022; 100466
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2021; 591
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2021; 595
2022; 77
2021; 6
2015; 6
2021; 2
2022; 50
2020; 181
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2005; 40
2021; 184
2008; 10
2020; 584
2011; 34
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2022; 399
2017; 95
2004; 10
2021; 10
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2021; 12
2020; 75
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2004; 190
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2021; 215
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Snippet Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS‐CoV‐2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated...
Since early 2020, the world has been embroiled in an ongoing viral pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants resulting in mass morbidity and an estimated...
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SubjectTerms Allergies
antibodies
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID‐19
disease severity
durability
Humans
hypersensitivity
immune memory
Immune response
Immunologic Memory
Immunological memory
Infections
memory B cells
Memory cells
memory T cells
Morbidity
pandemic
Pandemics
Review
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccination
Title New insights into human immune memory from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fall.15502
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36048132
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2740525832
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2709019773
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2811982555
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9538469
Volume 77
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