Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Network in the Pathogenesis of Obesity, Diabetes, Steatotic Liver Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence s...

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Published inDiabetes & metabolism journal Vol. 49; no. 3; pp. 348 - 367
Main Authors Lee, Joonyub, Choi, Won Gun, Rhee, Marie, Lee, Seung-Hwan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Korea (South) Korean Diabetes Association / Daehan Dangnyobyeong Hakoe 01.05.2025
Korean Diabetes Association
대한당뇨병학회
Subjects
Adipocytes
Animals
Biomarkers
Biosynthesis
Body fat
Cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology
Diabetes
diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus - pathology
Disease
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
fatty liver
Fatty Liver - etiology
Fatty Liver - metabolism
Fatty Liver - pathology
Glucose
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Kinases
Lipids
Metabolism
Metabolites
Musculoskeletal system
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - pathology
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Proteins
Review
내과학
Obesity
Fatty liver
Diabetes mellitus
Biomarkers
Extracellular vesicles
Insulin resistance
Cardiovascular diseases
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2233-6079
2233-6087
2233-6087
DOI10.4093/dmj.2025.0184

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Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health.
AbstractList Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health.Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health. KCI Citation Count: 0
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles carrying bioactive cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, facilitating intercellular and interorgan communication. In addition to traditional mediators such as hormones, metabolites, and cytokines, increasing evidence suggests that EVs are key modulators in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly influencing metabolic homeostasis and contributing to the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into EV-mediated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, steatotic liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. EVs play a critical role in modulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and vascular health by transferring functional molecules to target cells. Understanding the EV-mediated network offers potential for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, providing opportunities for EV-based interventions in cardiometabolic disease management. Although many challenges remain, this evolving field highlights the need for further research into EV biology and its translational applications in cardiovascular and metabolic health.
Author Lee, Joonyub
Rhee, Marie
Choi, Won Gun
Lee, Seung-Hwan
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Issue 3
Keywords Obesity
Fatty liver
Diabetes mellitus
Biomarkers
Extracellular vesicles
Insulin resistance
Cardiovascular diseases
Language English
License This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Joonyub Lee and Won Gun Choi contributed equally to this study as first authors.
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StartPage 348
SubjectTerms Adipocytes
Animals
Biomarkers
Biosynthesis
Body fat
Cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology
Diabetes
diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus - pathology
Disease
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
fatty liver
Fatty Liver - etiology
Fatty Liver - metabolism
Fatty Liver - pathology
Glucose
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Kinases
Lipids
Metabolism
Metabolites
Musculoskeletal system
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - pathology
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Proteins
Review
내과학
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Title Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Network in the Pathogenesis of Obesity, Diabetes, Steatotic Liver Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease
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